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A Sermon preached at the Chapel in Effex-ftreet, Feb. 25. 1807. By Thomas Belsham. 18. 6d.

The Hiftory of the Effects of Religion on Mankind, in Countries Ancient and Modern, Barbarous and Civilized. By E. Ryan. 8vo. 88. Future Punishment of Endlefs Duration; a Sermon preached at Knight's Meeting-Houfe. By R. Winter.

18.

A Sermon, preached in the Chapel of Lambeth, on the 1ft of February 1807, at the Confecration of the Rev. Charles Mofs, D. D. Lord Bishop of Oxford. By the Rev. Charles Barker, B. D. F. A. S. 4to. Is. 6d.

A Letter to the Rev. F. Stone, M. A. in reply to his Sermon, preached at the Vifitation at Dunbury, on the 8th of July 1806. By the Rev. E. Nares, M. A. 8vo. 18. 6d.

Eight Lectures on the Occurrence of the Paffion Week, delivered in the Parish Church of All-Saints, Southampton, on Palm-Sunday, and Good-Friday, and Eafter-Day, in the Years 1803, 1804, and 1806. By Richard Mant, D.D. I 2mo. 3s. boards.

A Letter to R. B. on the primitive State of Adam. By W. Foxwell. 6d.

A Sermon preached before the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, in the Abbey-Church, Westminster, on Friday, February 30. 1807. By the Bishop of St David's. 28.

An Alarm to the Reformed Church of Chrift established in thefe Kingdoms. 6d.

A Charge delivered to the Clergy of the Diocese of Durham, at the Vifitation of the Diocefe. By Shute, Lord Bishop of Durham. 4to. Is. 6d.

A Sermon preached at Durham, July 17. 1806, at the Vifitation of the Honourable and Right Reverend Shute, Lord Bishop of Durham. By 'Henry Philpott, M. A. 4to. 28.

relating to the Seventy 18mo. Is.

A Commentary on the Prophecy of Daniel, Weeks. By the Reverend John Butt, A. M. Primitive Truth, in a History of the Internal State of the Reformation, expreffed by the early Reformers in their Writings, in which the Queftion concerning the Calvinifm of the Church of England is determined by pofitive Evidences. 8vo. 7s. 6d. boards.

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A Tour to Shiraz, by the Route of Cazrum and Firuzabad; with various Remarks on the Manners, Cuftoms, &c. of the Perfians. By Edward Scott Waring Efq. of the Bengal Civil Eftablishment. 4to. 25s. Fine 368. boards.

Travels in Scotland by an unusual Route; with a Trip to the Ork. neys and Hebrides, containing Hints and Improvements in Agriculture and Commerce; with Characters and Anecdotes. Embellished with Views of striking objects, and a Map, including the Caledonian Canal. By the Reverend James Hall, A. M. in 2 vol. 8vo. Price 11. 6s. boards.

Travels

Travels in the year 1806, from Italy to England, through the Tyrol, Styria, Bohemia, Gallicia, Poland, and Ruffia; containing the particulars of the Liberation of Mrs Spencer Smith from the hands of the French police, and of her fubfequent Flight through the Countries above mentioned. Effected and written by the Marquis de Salvo, Member of the Academy of Sciences and Literature of Turin, &c. 6s. boards.

The Stranger in America. By Charles William Janfon Efq. 4to. 21. 28. boards.

Illuftration of the Scenery of Killarney, the furrounding Country, and a confiderable Part of the Southern Coaft of Ireland. By Ifaac Wild Efq. M. I. R. A. 4to. 21. 28. boards. Fine 31. 38.

Books lately imported by M. DE BOFFE, Gerard Street, Soho, London. Ami des Cultivateurs, par Poinfot. 2 vol. 8vo. Plates. 18s. Hiftoire de France, par Anquetil. 14 vol. 18mo. 31. 10s. Traité de Geodefie, ou Expofition des Methodes Aftronomiques, par Puiffant, &c. 4to. fig. l. 48.

Œuvres de Louis XIV., contenant fes Memoires, &c. 6 vol. 8vo. avec portrait et 22 planches chirographiques, 31.

Tableau des Révolutions depuis la Fin du 15 Siecle, par Ancillon; three first volumes, 12mo.

15s.

81. 25.

11. 168.

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Œuvres Complettes de d'Alembert, 18 vol. 8vo.
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Bibliographie Etrangere de Paris, 1800 à 1805. Evo.
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Campagne de la Grande Armée en 1805. 8vo. 75.

Cuifinier Impérial. 8vo. 99.

Dictionnaire Portatif de Géographie Universelle, par Boift. 8vo. 159. Supplément au Nouveau Dictionnaire Hiftorique. 4 vol. 8vo. 21. 28. Difcours Hiftorique fur le Revenu des Peuples de l'Antiquité, &c. par Ganielle. 2 vol. 8vo.

163.

Philofophie Chémique, par Fourcroy; a new edition, fmall 8vo. 75. Vie de Madame de Maintenon, par Madame de Genlis.

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Efprit de Madame de Genlis. I vol. 12mo. 4.5.

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Hiftoire Naturelle des Perroquets; 24 numbers folio; coloured plates, 2 vol. folio, in boards. 431. 48. This fuperb work is just

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Hiftoire Particuliere des Evénemens qui ont amené la Chûte du Throne François, pendant les mois de Juillet, Aout, et Septembre 1792. 8vo. 88.

Plantes Equinoxiales, par Humboldt et Bonpland; the three first Numbers folio.

Œuvres

98.

78.

Œuvres Pofthumes de Hainault. 1 vol. 8vo.
Hedwig, Genera Plantarum fecundum Characteres differentes. 8vo.

Hiftoire de la Guerre de la Vendée. 3 vol. 8vo. il. 48.

Impoffibilité du Systême Aftronomique de Neuton, &c. Par L. Mercier. 8vo. 79.

Influence de la Lune fur les Malades.

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Lagrange, Leçons fur le Calcul des Fractions. 8vo. 108.

Laudon, Galerie Hiftorique des Hommes Celebres de tous les Siecles et de toutes les Nations. 7 vol. fig. pet. 12mo, en 14 parties, à 65. chaque partie.

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Melanges Pofthumes de Marmontel. 58.

Attila, par Chateaubriand, nouvelle edition; avec l'addition de René, par le même Auteur. Fine paper. Figures. 98. Lettres inédites de Mirabeau. 8vo. 108.

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Nouveau Traité Geographique de Chaque Pays, par Madame Renelle. 8vo. 69.

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. Theatre de Pieces Fugitives de Collin D'Harleville.

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148.

No. XX. will be published in July 1807.

D. WILLISON, PRINTER, EDINBURGH.

THE

EDINBURGH REVIEW,

JULY 1807.

No. XX.

ART. I. The Present State of Turkey; or a Description of the Po litical, Civil, and Religious Constitution, Government and Laws, of the Ottoman Empire; the Finances; Military and Naval Establishments; the State of Learning; and of the Liberal and Mechanical Arts; the Manners, and Domestic Economy of the Turks, and other Subjects of the Grand Signor, &c. Te. Sc. ; together with the Geographical, Political, and Civil State of the Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia; from Observations made during a Residence of Fifteen Years in Constantinople and the Turkish Provinces. By Thomas Thornton. Efq. 4to. pp. 468. London. Mawman. 1807.

THE

HE fubject of this work is in an uncommon degree interesting at the prefent moment; but we are inclined to bestow particular attention upon it, rather from a confideration of the permanent importance of the contents, than because of the temporary attractions which the difcuffion poffeffes. No general work, of authority, has appeared upon the affairs of Turkey, for a great length of time. Since the publications of Rycaut and Cantemir, important changes have taken place in the ftate of that extenfive empire. The Tableau General of D'Ohffon, is scarcely known in this country; and though exceedingly valuable, fo far as it goes, from the author's peculiar opportunities of information, is ftill very incomplete, that part only having been publifhed which treats of the religion of the Turks.* Mr Eton's book abounds in miftakes;

VOL. X. NO. 20.

R

* We have not had the advantage of confulting this work, but we fuppofe that it comprehends, under religion, a confiderable portion of the other branches of the fubject. The author is an Armenian, born in Turkey, and a tributary subject of the Porte. Mr Thornton, very properly, appeals to his authority, as in moft cafes preferable to that of other writers, on difputed points.

takes; is evidently written under the impreffion of a political theory, and receives more than its fhare of mercy, if its misreprefentations are imputed to the influence of fuch a prepoffeffion. The work now under review, we therefore confider as a valuable acceffion to statistical knowledge; and as, on the whole, the best general account of the Turkish empire hitherto published.

We must not, however, disguise from our readers, the labour which they will have to encounter, if they follow our advice, and perufe Mr Thornton's book. It is very ill put together, and badly written. The materials are not used to the beft advantage; and we fufpect they have been furnished by the collector to fome one ignorant of the fubject; and by him, according to the fashion of the times, made into a book, with the affiftance of former publications on the fame fubject. If this be the cafe, Mr Thornton has committed the further mistake of employing an unskilful writer. There is no diftinct or convenient arrangement, things are not to be found in their proper places, repetitions are frequent, contradictions not uncommon,-the common benefits of an index are denied to the weary reader,-much of what should be given as part of Mr Thornton's narrative or difcuffion, is thrown into the form of criticifm upon the writings of his predeceffors, who are, indeed, reviewed in a defultory way, in almost every page. The notes contain a large portion of what belongs, properly, to the text, which is thus, every where, quite imperfect without them, and very often is materially altered by them. On difputed questions, we can scarcely ever get hold of a clear opinion. This author is wrong, that author is not right; and Mr Thornton gives his own account of the matter, fubject to fo many modifications and reftrictions, and fcattered over fo many parts of his fubject, that we do not, after all, fee his meaning, or perhaps find it coincides with the doctrines he has been criticizing. The general differtations are very meagre and fuperficial. The ftyle is verbose and full of pretenfions to eloquence. Declamation, which is so fofo reign to the object of any fcientific work, and fo peculiarly mifplaced in a statistical treatise, abounds in every page. To it, great facrifices of correctnefs, as well as concifenefs, are evidently made; and we frequently have the impreffion, that things are faid, because the writer had a turn of expreflion fuited to them, and not because they were effential to the elucidation of the subject. To fatisfy our readers, once for all, of the manner of writ ing ufed by Mr Thornton, we fhall extract a part of his long eulogium on the ancient Greeks, introduced profeffedly for the purpofe of contrafting them with their defcendants; but, in fome degree alfo, (as we fhould fuppofe), for the fake of its eloquence.

Who are the modern Greeks? and whence did Conftantine collect the mixed population of his capital; the herd of dogmatike and hypo

crites,

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