vapor bath.]

BB. Bbds. Barbadensis, Barbadoes.

[Bib. Bibe, drink.]

Bis. ind.

Bis indies, twice a day.

[Bol. Bolus, a bolus.]
Bull. Bulliat, let it boil.
[But. Butyrum, butter.]
[C. Cum, with.]

Cap. Capiat, let him take.
Carul. Cæruleus, blue.

Cat. Cataplasma, a cataplasm.
Cath. Catharticus, cathartic.
C. C.

Cucurbitula cruenta, a cupping

glass.

Cornu cervi. Hartshorn.]

C. C. U. Cornu cervi usta, burnt hartshorn.]

C. M. Cras mane, to-morrow morning.
C. N. Cras nocte, to-morrow night.
Cochleat. Cochleatim, by spoonfuls.
Coch. ampl. Cochleare amplum, a large |
spoon.

Cochl. infant. Cochleare infantis, a child's spoon.

Cochl. magn.

Cochleare magnum, a large spoon [or table spoon]. Cochl. mod. Cochleare modicum, a dessert spoon.

Cochl. med. Cochleare medium, the same as cochleare modicum. Cochl. parv. Cochleare parvum, a small spoon [or tea spoon].

Col. Colatus, strained, [or cola, strain]. Colat. Colatur, let it be strained; colaturæ, of or to the strained liquor. Colent. Colentur, let them be strained. [Color. Coloretur, let it be colored.] Comp. Compositus, compounded. [Con.

Concisus, cut.]

[Conf. Confectio, a confection.] [Cong. Congius, a gallon.]

[Cons. Conserva, a conserve, also, keep thou.]

Cont. rem.

Continuentur remedia, let the medicines be continued. [Cort. Cortex, bark.] Cop. Copiosus, plenteous. Coq. Coque, boil; coquantur, let them be boiled.

[Coq. ad med. consumpt. Coque ad medietatis consumptionem, boil to the consumption of half.]

[Coq. in S. A. Coque in sufficiente quantitate aquæ, boil in sufficient quantity of water.]

Crast. Crastinus, for to-morrow. C. V. Cras vespere, to-morrow evening. [C. M. S. Cras mane sumendus, to be taken to-morrow morning.] [C. N. Cras nocte, to-morrow night.] Cucurb. cruent. See C. C.

Cuj. Cujus, of which.

[Dec. Decanta, decant.]

Decub. Decubitus, of lying down.
De d. in d. De die in diem, from day to day.
[Deglut. Deglutiatur, may be or let be
swallowed.]

Dej alvi. Dejectiones alvi, stools.
[Dep. Depuratus, purified.]
Det. Detur, let it be given.

[D. in 2 plo. Detur in duplo, let twice as much be given.]

[D. in p. æq. Dividatur in partes æquales, let it be divided in equal parts.]

[D. Dosis, a dose.]

Dext. lat. Dextra lateralis, right side. Dieb. alt. Diebus alternis, every other day. Dieb. tert. Diebus tertiis, every third day. [Dig. Digeratur, let it be digested.] [Dil. Dilutus, dilue, diluted, dilute.] Diluc. Diluculo, at day. break. [Dim. Dimidius, one-half.] Dir.prop. Directione propriâ, with a proper direction.

[Dist. Distalla, or distillata, distil or distilled.]

Diuturn. Diuturnus, long-continued. [Div. Divide, divide.]

Donec. alv. bis dej. Donec alvus bis dejiciatur, until two stools have been obtained.]

Donec alv. sol. fuer. Donec alvus soluta fu-
erit, until a stool has been obtained.
[Drach. Drachma, a drachm.]
[Ed. Edulcora, sweeten.]

Efferv. Effervescentia, effervescence.
Ejusd. Ejusdem, of the same.
Elect. Electuarium, electuary.
Emp. Emplastrum, a plaster.
Enem. Enema, a clyster; enemata, clysters.
Ex. vel extr. Extractum, extract.
[Exhib. Exhibe, give, or exhibeatur, let
it be given.]

Ext. sup. alut. Extende super alutam, spread upon leather.

F. ft. Fiat, let a be made. [F. S. A. Fiat secundum artem, let it be

made according to the rules of art.] [F. L. A. Fiat lege artem, let it be made by the rules of art.]

[F. M. Fiat mistura, let a mixture be made.]

[F. S. A. R. Fiat secunde artis regulas, let it be made according to the rules of art.]

F. h. Fiat haustus, let a draught be made. F. pil. xij. Fac pilulas duodecim, make

12 pills.

Feb. dur. Febre durante, during the fever.

tici, when the operation of the emetic is finished.

Per salt. Per saltum, by leaps, i. e., from an artery.

[Pil. Pilula, a pill; or pilulæ, pills.] Plen. riv. Pleno rivo, in a full stream. [Pocul. Poculum, a cup.] [Pocil. Pocillum, a little cup.] Post sing. sed. liq. Post singulas sedes liquidas, after every loose stool.

[Pot. Potio, a potion.]

Ppt. vel prep. Præparata, prepared. P. r. n. Pro re natâ, according as circumstances may require.

P. rat. æt. Pro ratione ætatis, according to the age of the patient. Pro pot. com. vel pro pot. ord. Pro potu communi, or ordinario, for a common drink.

Prox. luc. Proximâ luce, the day before. Pug. Pugillus, a gripe between the finger and thumb; lit. a little fist. [Pulp. Pulpa, the pulp.] [Pulv. Pulvis, powder.]

[Q. 7. Quantum lubet, as much as you please.]

Q.p. Quantum placet, as much as you please. Q. Q. H. vel quâd. quart. hor. Quâque quartâ horâ, every four hours.

Q. 8. Quantum sufficiat, as much as is sufficient.

Quadrihor. Quadrihorio, every four hours. Quadrupl. Quadruplicato, four times as much.

Quamp. Quamprimum, immediately. Quáq. vel quisq. Quâque, or quisque,

every one.

Quor. Quorum, of which. [Quotidie, daily.]

[Q. V. Quantum volueris, as much as you wish.]

R. Recipe, take; but for this the old authors, and the French to this day, use the sign 2, being the old heathen invocation to Jupiter, seeking his blessing upon the formula; equivalent to the usual invocation of the poets, and of Mahommedan authors; or the Laus Deo of bookkeepers and merchants' clerks. Dr. Paris observes, that the astrological symbol is at present so disguised by the addition of the down stroke, which converts it into R, that, were it not for its cloven foot, we might be led to question the fact of its superstitious origin.

[Rad. Radix, root.]

[Ras. Rasuræ, shavings.] Rect. Rectificatus, rectified.] Red. in pulv.

Redactus in pulverem,

powdered. Kedig. in pulv. Redigatur in pulverem, let it be reduced into powder.

Reg. hep. Regio hepatis, region of the liver. Reg. umb. Regio umbilici, region of the navel.

Repet. Repetatur, or repetantur, let it, or them, be repeated.

S. A. Secundum artem, according to art. [Sacch. Saccharum, sugar.]

Scap. Scapula, the shoulder-blade. [Scat. Scatula, a box.]

Scrob. cord. Scrobiculus cordis, the pit of the stomach.

Sed. Sedes, a stool.
[Sem. Semen, seed.]

Semidr.

Semih.
Sept.
[Serv.

Semidrachma, half a drachm. Semihora, half an hour. Septimana, a week.

Serva, keep, or preserve.] Sesunc. Sesuncia, an ounce and a half. Sesquih. Sesquihora, half an hour. Setac. Setaceum, a seton; also a sieve. Seq. luce. Sequenti luce, the following day. Si n. val. Si non valeat, if it does not

answer.

Si op. sit. Si opus sit, if there be occasion. Si vir perm. Si vires permittant, if the strength will bear it.

Sign n. pr. Signetur nomine proprio, write upon it the usual name, not the trade name.

Signat. Signatura, a label.
Sing. Singulorum, of each.
S. S. S. Stratum super stratum, layer upon
layer.

Sol. Solutio, solution.
[Solv. Solve, dissolve.]

S. O. S. vel si op. sit. Si opus sit, if there be occasion.

[Spt. Spiritus, spirit.]
[Sq. Squama, scale.]
S8. Semis, a half.

St. Stet, let it stand; stent, let them stand.
Sub fin. coct. Sub finem coctionis, when
the boiling is nearly finished.
Sub-sulph. Sub-sulphas, a sub-sulphate.
Subtep. Subtepidus, lukewarm.
Succ. Succus, juice

Sum. Sumo, to take; sumendus, to be
taken; [sumitates, the tops.]
Sum. tal. Sumat talem, let the patient
take one like this.

S. V. Spiritus vinosus, ardent spirit of any strength.

S. V. R. Spiritus vinosus rectificatus, spirit of wine.

S. V. T. Spiritus vinosus tenuis, proof spirit, or half and half spirit of wine and water.

[Syr. Syrupus, syrup.]

[Tabel. Tabella (dim. of tabula, a table) a lozenge.]

Temp. dext. Tempori dextro, to the right temple.

T. O. Tinctura opii, tincture of opium;

generally confounded with laudanum, which is, properly, the wine of opium. T. O. C. Tinctura opii camphorata, paregoric elixir.

Tr. vel. tinct.. Tinctura, tincture. [Trit. Tritura, triturate.]

Troch. Trochiscus, a troch or lozenge. Ult. præscr. Ultimo præscriptus, the last ordered.

Umb. Umbilicus, the navel.
Ung. Unguentum, ointment.

Ust. ut liq. anim. Usque ut liquerit ani-
mus, until fainting is produced.
Utend. Utendus, to be used.
Vent. Ventriculus, the stomach.
V. O. S. Vitello ovi solutus, dissolved in

the yolk of an egg.

Vom. urg. Vomitione urgente, when the vomiting begins.

V S.

Venæsectio, bleeding. Zz. Zingiber, ginger.

[m. Minimum, a minim, the 60th part of a fl. drachm.] [Gr. Grana, a grain.] 3. Scrupulum, a scruple, equal to 20 grains troy.

3. Drachma, a drachm, equal to three scruples, or, in liquids, the 8th part

of an ounce measure.

3. Uncia, an ounce troy: or, in liquids, the 16th part of a wine pint.

[16. Libra, a pound.]

[88. Semissis, half.]

[j., one; ij., two; iij., three, &c.]

In labelling bottles, boxes, drawers, or pots in a shop, care should be taken that the name of the drug be left predominant, while a single letter is sufficient for denoting the technical terms; as radix, pulvis, pilulæ, compositus, volatilus, &c. Simple powders also speak for themselves to the eye, and surely do not require the addition of pulvis, as is usually done.

P. ipecacuan. c. not Pulvis ipec. comp.

Rhæi radix

Th. Andromachi

T. cantharidis
Valerianæ r.

Pulvis rhæi r. Theriaca Andr. Tinct. canth. Valer. radix. Unguent. hydr. n. [The following abbreviations employed in botany may be introduced here: [Cal. Calix.

U. Hydrarg. nitr.

[Corol. Corolla.

ABDO'MEN (abdo, to hide; or abdo and omentum). The belly, or the cavity situated between the thorax and the pelvis; so called from its containing the intestines,

&c.

ABDOMINAL REGIONS. The abdomen is distinguished into three transverse zones, an upper, a middle, and a lower. Each zone is divided, by perpendicular lines, into three compartments or regions; a middle, and two lateral. They are thus named:

1. Epigastric Region. The middle region of the upper zone, immediately over the small end of the stomach. The two lateral

regions of this zone, situated under the cartilages of the ribs, are called the hypochondriac.

2. Umbilical Region. The middle region of the middle zone, immediately over the umbilicus. The two lateral regions of this zone, situated over the loins, are called the lumbar.

3. Hypogastric Region. The middle region of the lowest zone, situated below the stomach. The two lateral regions of this zone, situated over the ilia, are called the

iliac.

4. Inguinal Region. By this term is denoted the vicinity of Poupart's ligament. [ABDOMINAL (abdomen, the belly) belonging to the abdomen.]

ABDOMINA'LES (abdomen, the belly). An order of Fishes which have fins placed on the abdomen, as the salmon, the trout, &c.

[ABDOMINOSCOPY (abdomen, the belly; oxoneα, to observe). Examination of the abdomen by percussion, inspection, measurement and manual examination, with a view of ascertaining the existence of disease there.]

ABDUCTOR (abduco, to draw from). Abducent. A muscle whose office is to draw one part of the body away from another. Thus, the rectus externus is called abductor oculi, from the action of this muscle in drawing the eye away from the nose. antagonist is called abductor.

Its

ABELMOSCHUS (an Arabic term, signifying musked seeds). Grana moschata; the musky seeds of a species of Hibiscus. A powder, called poudre de Chypre is prepared from these seeds in the East, for flavouring coffee.

[Abelmoschus esculentus, or Hibiscus esculentus. The systematic name for the okra, bendee, or gombo, the fruit of which abounds in mucilage, and is used in diarrhoea and dysentery, and also as a vegetable.]

ABERRATION (aberro, to wander

from). A deviation from the natural state, as applied to the mind. Also, a deviation of the rays of light from the true focus of reflection or refraction, in certain lenses. ABIES (abeo, quod in cœlum longè abeat). The Fir; a genus of plants of the order Coniferæ, abounding in resin.

1. Abietis resina. L. Resin of the Spruce Fir; formerly called thus or frankincense; spontaneous exudation from the tree. 2. Pix abietina. L. Pix Burgundica. [3. Pix Canadensis. Canada pitch.] 4. Pix liquida. Tar. [q. v.]

5. Pix nigra. Black pitch. [q. v.] 6. Tar-water. A solution of tar in water, having a sharp empyreumatic taste.

7. Abietic acid. An acid lately discovered in the resin of trees of the genus Abies. The old preparation, termed acidum abietis, is the peculiar acid liquor, yielded along with the essential oil, in distillation of the first branches or fruit of some species of Abies.

[ABIRRITATION (ab, priv.; irritatio, irritation). Literally, absence of irritation. This term was used by Broussais and his school to denote a diminution of the vital phenomena in the different tissues.]

ABLACTATION (ab, from; lacto, to give suck). This term denotes the cessation of the period of suckling, as regards the mother. The same period, with regard to the infant, is termed weaning.

[ABLATION (aufero, to remove). Formerly employed in a very extensive signification, and expressed the subtraction of whatever was in excess, in the body; the reduction of regimen; and the diminution of the mass of blood, by bleeding, &c. Its meaning has been much restricted in modern times, and it is now principally used in surgery, as a generic term, expressive of all cases where a part is taken away. It includes two species, Amputation and Extirpation.]

ABLEPSIA (a, priv.; ẞλéπw, to see). Blindness; privation of sight.

ABLUENTS (abluo, to wash away). Medicines formerly supposed to cleanse the blood, by washing away impurities.

ture expulsion of the foetus from the uterus.

[ABORTIVES. Medicines supposed to act in a special manner on the gravid uterus, causing the expulsion of its contents.]

ABRANCHIA (a, priv.; ẞpúyxia, gills.) Animals which have no gills, or apparent external organs of respiration, but respire by the entire surface of the skin, or by internal cavities; as the earthworm, the leech, &c.

ABRASION (abrado, to shave off). The act of wearing or rubbing off, as the mechanical removal of the epidermis. Also, the matters abraded by the friction of surfaces of bodies.

ABRUS PRECATORIUS. Jamaica or Wild Liquorice, a leguminous plant. Its polished and parti-colored seeds, called jumble beads, were formerly employed for rosaries, necklaces, &c.

ABSCESS (abscedo, to separate). Apostema. An imposthume, gathering, or boil; a collection of pus formed or deposited in some tissue or organ. It is so named from the separation of the sides of the cavity which is produced. Where the skin is most thin, and fluctuation most palpable, the abcess is said to point, or to make its point.

[ABSCISSION (abscidere, to cut off). The cutting away of a part, more especially of a soft part. This is the only signification in which it is at present employed, though formerly used in several others.]

[ABSINTHIN. The resin of the Absin

thium.]

ABSINTHIUM (a priv.; vivoos, pleasure; so named from its unpleasant taste). Common Wormwood; a species of Artemisia, yielding a bitter resin, termed absinthin. Infused in ale, it forms the beverage known by the name of purl. Its powers as a vermifuge have gained for it the name wormwood.

[ABSOLUTE (absolvo, to finish). Free from anything else; pure. Absolute alcohol, alcohol free from water.]

ABORTION (aborior, to die; to be born before the time). Miscarriage; the prema

when internally administered, have the property of chemically combining with, and thus, neutralizing the acid secretions produced in certain morbid conditions of