IATREUSOLOGIA (larpevw, to cure; Aoyos, a description). A term applied by Sprengel to general Therapeutics. IATROMATHEMATICI (iarpòs, a physician; pav@ave, to learn). A school of physicians who explain the functions of the body, and the action of remedies, on the principles of mechanical philosophy. [IATRIA (larpos, a physician). The healing art; medicine.] [IATRINE. A female practitioner of medicine.] [IATRO (iarpòs, a physician). Used as a prefix in some compound words to designate some connection with the healing art.] of the shops. At other times it is laid open, and submitted to some preparation; being either dried unfolded, as in the leaf and honeycomb isinglass; or folded, as in the staple and book isinglass; or rolled out, as in ribbon isinglass. When it arrives in this country, it is picked or cut. -Pereira. ICHTHYOLOGY (ἰχθὺς, ἰχθύος, a fish; Aoyos, a description). That branch of Zoology which treats of fishes. ICHTHYO'SIS (ix0úa, dried fish-skin). Fish-skin disease; a papillary, indurated, horny condition of the skin. It is distinguished into the simple and the horny. [ICICA ICICARIBA. A lofty tree, Ichthyiasis. A synonyme for the above [IBERIS AMARA. Bitter candy-tuft. disease, adopted by Good. The terminaA small herbaceous plant, indigenous intion -iasis is more accordant with the anaEurope; the seeds, leaves, stem, and root logy followed in the formation of similar of which are said to possess medicinal pro- names.-Forbes. perties, but the first are most efficacious. It is said to be useful in quieting the ex-believed to furnish the Brazilian elemi.] cited action of the heart, especially in hypertrophy of that organ; and be also useful in asthma, bronchitis and dropsy. The dose of the seeds is from one to three grains.] ICE. Glacies. Congealed water. The temperature at which it is solidified is called the freezing or congealing point, or 32° of Fahrenheit. During liquefaction, its temperature is not changed; and, hence, the caloric which it has absorbed is said to have become latent, and is sometimes called, from its effect, the caloric of Auidity. ICE CAP. A bladder containing pounded ice, applied to the head in inflammation of the brain. [ICE PLANT. Common name for the Mesembryanthemum crystallinum.] ICE POULTICE. This consists of a bladder, containing pounded ice, to be applied to hernial tumours, in order to diminish their size and facilitate their reduction. ICOSANDRIA (eikool, twenty; avip, a man). The twelfth class in Linnæus's system, comprising plants which have twenty or more stamens inserted into the calyx, hence Icosandrous. Having twenty or more stamens inserted into the calyx. ICTERUS. The Jaundice; also called morbus regius, morbus arcuatus, aurigo, &c. According to Pliny, the term is derived from the name of a bird, called by the Greeks KTEpos, by the Romans galbulus; the looking upon this bird by the jaundiced person was said to cure the patient, though it killed the bird. [1. Icterus albus. White jaundice; a term for chlorosis.] [2. Icterus niger. Black jaundice; so called when the colour is very dark.] [3. Icterus viridis. Green jaundice; when the colour of the skin is of a greenish hue.] 4. Icterita. Infantile jaundice. 5. Icter-odes (cidos, likeness). A state of complexion resembling that of jaundice. [ICTODES FETIDUS. A synonyme of ICELAND MOSS. Cetraria islandica. A lichen, growing on the ground in exposed situations in northern countries, and afford-Symplocarpus fœtidus.] ing a light, nutritious aliment. ICELAND SPAR. One of the purest varieties of calcareous spar, or crystallized carbonate of lime. ICHOR (xp, sanies, corrupted blood). A thin acrid discharge, issuing from wounds, ulcers, &c. ICHTHYOCOLLA (ἰχθὺς ἰχθύος, ε fish; kóλλa, glue). Isinglass; fish-glue; a substance prepared from the air-bladder or sound of different species of Acipenser, and other genera of fishes. Sometimes the air-bladder is dried unopened, as in the case of purse, pipe, and lump isinglass ICTUS SOLIS. Coup de soliel. Sunstroke; an effect produced by the rays of the sun upon a part of the body, as erysipelas, or inflammation of the brain or of its membranes. [IDEAGENIC (idéa, a thought; yɛvváw, to beget). Creating ideas.] [IDEALITY (idéa, a thought). A faculty peculiar to man, producing the love of the beautiful, and the desire of perfection.] [IDEOLOGY (idea, a thought; Móyos, & discourse). The science of thought; the philosophy of mind.] [IDEOSYNCHRYSIS (idéa, an idea; avyxvois). Confusion of ideas; delirium.] IDEO-MOTION. Motion arising from dominant idea,— neither voluntary nor purely reflex. -IDES (sidos, resemblance). A terminal denoting resemblance to the object indicated by the word to which it is affixed.] IDIOPATHIC (idios, peculiar; ráoos, affection). Primary disease; as opposed to symptomatic. IGNITION (ignis, fire). An effect of caloric, implying an emission of light, from bodies which are much heated, without their suffering any change of composition. Bodies begin to become ignited, or red-hot, at about the 800th degree of Fahrenheit; the highest point of ignition is a perfectly white light. [ILEADELPHOUS. Applied by Geoffrey St. Hilaire to monsters which are double inferiorly; Diadelphous.] [ILEITIS. Inflammation of the IGREUSINE. That portion of volatile oils which is odoriferous, and is coloured by treating it with nitric acid; it is called IDIOSYNCRASY (idios, peculiar; ouy-elaiödon by Herberger. κρασις, composition). Individual peculiarities, hereditary or induced. Thus, there are persons in whom opium does not induce sleep; others, in whom milk seems to act as a poison; some, who are purged by astringents; others, in whom purgatives appear to produce an astringent effect. IDIOT (idiúrns, an ignorant person, who does not practice an art or profession). A person deprived of sense. IDRIALINE. A substance obtained from a mineral from the quicksilver mines at Idria in Carniola. It consists of carbon and hydrogen. [IDROSIS (18pów, to sweat). Sweating; Ephidrosis.] [IGASUR. A name for the Faba Sancti Ignatii.] [IGASURATE. A combination of igasuric acid with a salifiable base.] [IGASURIA. A name given by M. Desnoix to an alkali discovered by him in nux vomica.] ileum.] [ILEO-. As a prefix to compound names, denotes connection with, or relation to, the ileum intestine.] The valve which [Ileo-cæcal valve, guards the opening Ileo-colic valve. from the ileum into the colon; called also the valve of Bauhin, valve of Tulpius, valve of Fallopius.] [Ileo-typhus. Abdominal Typhus; typoid fever.] I'LEUM (ciλéw, to turn about). The lower three-fifths of the small intestine, so called from their convolutions, or peristaltic motions; they extend as far as the hypogastric and iliac regions. I'LEUS (εidéw, volvo, to turn about;hence volvulus). Costiveness, with twisting about the umbilical region. It is also called the Iliac Passion; Chordapsus (xopon, a chord; arw, to bind); Miserere, an invocation for pity, &c. IGASURIC ACID. The name given by Pelletier and Caventou to a peculiar acid, which occurs in combination with ILEX. The Latin name for the holm strychnia in nux vomica, and the St. Ig-oak; now the generic name for holly; [of natius's bean; but its existence, as dif- which several species have been employed ferent from all other known acids, is in medicine.] doubtful. It is so called from the Malay [1. Ilex Aquifolium. Common Euroname by which the natives in India desig-pean Holly. The leaves, bark, and bernate the Faba Sancti Ignatii. [IGNATIA AMARA. A synonyme of Strychnos Ignatia.] [IGNATII FABA SANCTI. St. Ignatius's Bean; the seed of the Ignatia amara.] IGNIS FATUUS. A luminous appearance or flame, frequently seen in the night in the country, and called Jack o' lantern, or Will with the wisp. It is probably occasioned by the extrication of phosphorus from rotting leaves and other vegetable matters. IGNIS SACER (sacred fire). Ignis Sancti Antonii, or St. Anthony's fire; [Ignis Persicus,] erysipelas, or the rose; or the febris erysipelatosa of Sydenham. IGNIS VÕLATICUS. Literally, flying fire; a term for erysipelas. ries of this species were considered to possess medical properties. The leaves were esteemed diaphoretic, and an infusion of them was used in catarrh, pleurisy, eruptive fevers, &c. The bark, a few years since, gained considerable reputation as an antiperiodic; it was given in powder, in the dose of a drachm. The berries are said to be cathartic in the dose of ten or twelve, and sometimes to produce emesis. Their expressed juice has been given in jaundice. [2. Ilex Cassina. An evergreen shrub, growing in the Southern States. A decoetion made from the toasted leaves was employed by the Indians as a medicine, and as a drink of etiquette at their councils. It acts as an emetic.] [3. Ilex Dahoon. This possesses si milar properties with the preceding species.] [4. Ilex mate. A synonyme of Пlex Paraguaiensis, q. v.] [5. Ilex opaca. American Holly. This species is said to possess similar properties to the Aquifolium.] [6. Ilex Paraguaiensis. This furnishes the celebrated Paraguay tea, a favourite South American beverage.] [7. Ilex vomitoria. Cassina. The decoction of the toasted leaves forms the black drink, employed by the Indians as a medicine and a drink of etiquette at their councils.] [ILIAC. Belonging to, or connected with, the ilium. See Ilium.] Iliac Passion. Another name for ileus, and also for colic. ILIACUM OS. O coxarum. [Пlium.] Another name for the os innominatum, derived from the circumstance that this compound bone supports the parts which the ancients called ilia, or the flanks. 1. Ilium 08. The uppermost portion of the os iliacum, probably so named because it seems to support the intestine called the ileum. This bone is also termed pars iliaca ossis innominati. 2. Iliac fossa. A broad and shallow cavity at the upper part of the abdominal or inner surface of the os iliacum. Another fossa, alternately concave and convex, on the femoral or external surface, is called the external iliac fossa. 3. Iliac region. The region situated on each side of the hypogastrium. 4. Iliac arteries. These are termed common, when they are formed by the bifurcation of the aorta. They afterwards divide into the external iliac, and the internal or hypogastric arteries. 5. Iliac mesocolon. A fold of the peritoneum, which embraces the sigmoïd flexure of the colon. 6. Iliacus internus. A muscle situated in the cavity of the ilium. 7. Ilio-. Terms compounded with this word denote parts connected with the ilium, as ilio-lumbar, ilio-sacral, &c. ILICIN. A non-azotized vegetable compound, obtained from the Ilex aquifolium, in the form of brownish-yellow crystals, which are very bitter and febrifuge. [ILLICIUM ANISATUM. Star Aniseed. An evergreen tree of the family Magnoliacea, a native of China, Japan, and Tartary. Its fruit yields an oil (Oleum badiani) having the odour and taste of Anise, and often sold in this country as common oil of aniseed. [Illicium Floridanum. Florida AniseA species growing in Florida; its tree. bark and leaves have a taste analogous to Anise. [Illicium parviflorum. This species grows in Georgia and Carolina; its bark has a flavour resembling that of Sassafras.] ILLUSION (illudo, to sport at). Deception, as of the sight, imagination, &c. ILLUTATIO (in, upon; lutum, mud). Mud-bathing; immersion in the slime of rivers, or in saline mud. Hot dung is used in France and in Poland. ILMENIUM. The name given to a supposed new metallic element. [IMAGINATION (imagino, to make images). The faculty of creating, with acquired ideas, ideas of a different order from those formed by the judgment and ordinary reasoning, founded on experience and observation.] IMBECILITY (imbecillus, weak). Weakness of mind or intellect. IMBIBITION (imbibo, to drink in). [The act of sucking up.] The terms imbibition and exudation, or transpiration, used in physiology, are analogous to those of aspiration and expiration, and have been lately translated, by Dutrochet, by the two Greek words, endosmosis and exosmosis. IMBRICATED (imbrex, imbricis, & roof-tile). A term applied to the bracteæ of plants, when they overlap each other, like tiles upon the roof of a house, a distinguishing character of the Gluma ce@. IMITATION. A term in Phrenology, indicative of a disposition to copy the manners, gestures, and actions of others; it is generally more active in children than in adults. Its organ is situated at the front of the head, on each side of that of Benevolence. [IMMACULATUS (in, priv.; macula, & spot). Immaculate; without spots.] [IMMARGINATUS (in, priv.; marga, a border). Immarginate; having no marked border.] IMMERSION (immergo, to dip in). The act of plunging any thing into water, or any other fluid. [IMMOVABLE APPARATUS. A bandage imbued with starch, dextrin, or some other adhesive substance, which, when dry, becomes firm, and retains the parts to which it is applied in their proper position. It is employed for certain fractures, dislocations, &c.] [IMPACTED (impingo, to drive in). Forced in; used in reference to the head of the child when it has advanced some distance into the pelvis and cannot proceed further, or when it is immovable, ex cept upward into the pelvic cavity; it is then said to be impacted or locked.] [IMPAR (in, neg.; par, equal). Unequal, odd.] [IMPATIENS FULVA and I. PALLIDA. Touch me not. Jewel-Weed. Balsam Weed. Indigenous plants of the order Geraniacea. Drs. Wood and Bache state that an ointment made by boiling the fresh plants in lard has been employed by Dr. Ruan with great advantage in piles. The I. Balsamina, or Balsam Weed, resembles the other species in its effects.] IMPENETRABILITY (in, not; penetro, to penetrate). That property by which a body occupies any space, to the exclusion of every other body. In a popular sense, all matter is penetrable; but, philosophically speaking, it is impenetrable, what is called penetration being merely the admission of one substance into the pores of another. [IMPERATORIA OSTRUTHIUM. Masterwort. An Umbilliferous plant, indigenous in the south of Europe. It is a stimulant aromatic; at present it is rarely used, but formerly it was considered to possess diversified remedial powers, and was used in an extended range of diseases, with so much supposed success, as to have gained for it the title of divinum remedium.] [Imperatrin. A peculiar crystallizable substance discovered by Osann in the root of Imperatoria ostruthium.] IMPER FORATE (in, not; perforatus, bored through). A term applied to any part congenitally closed, as the anus, the hymen, &c. IMPERIAL. Ptisana imperialis. A cooling beverage, prepared by mixing half an ounce, each, of cream of tartar and fresh lemon peel, bruised, with four ounces of white sugar, and three pints of boiling water. IMPETIGINES. Cutaneous diseases; depraved habit, with affections of the skin; the third order of the class Cachexia of Cullen. See Impetigo. IMPETIGO (impeto, to infest). Humid or running tetter, or scall; yellow, itching, clustered pustules, terminating in a yellow, thin, scaly crust. Bricklayers' itch and Grocers' itch are local tetters, produced by the acrid stimulus of lime and sugar. [IMPETIOLAR (in, priv.; petiolus, a petiole). Applied to plants, the leaves of which are united to the stem without the intervention of a petiole.] IMPLANTATIO (implanto, to engraft). A term applied to a monstrosity, in which two bodies are united, but only one is per fectly developed, while the other remains in a rudimentary state. 1. Implantatio externa. This is of two kinds :- -1. Implantatio externa æqualis, in which the parts of the imperfect embryo are connected with corresponding parts of the perfect one; as when the posterior parts of the body of a diminutive foetus hang to the front of the thorax of a fully-formed child, or where a third foot, parasitic hand, or supernumerary jaw is present: and, 2. Implantatio externa inæqualis, in which the perfect and imperfect foetus are connected by dissimilar points. 2. Implantatio interna. In this case one foetus contains within it a second.Müller. IMPLICATED. A term applied by Celsus and others to those parts of physic which have a necessary dependence on one another; but the term has been more significantly applied, by Bellini, to fevers, where two at a time afflict a person, either of the same kind, as a double tertian; or of different kinds, as an intermittent tertian, and a quotidien, called a semitertian. IMPLUVIUM (in, and pluo, to rain). A shower-bath; an embrocation. IMPONDERABLES (in, priv.; pondus, weight). Agents which are destitute of weight, as heat, light, and electricity. [IMPOSTHUME. An abscess.] IMPOTENCE (impotens, unable). Incapability of sexual intercourse, from organic, functional, or moral cause. IMPREGNATION. The act of generation on the part of the male. The corresponding act in the female is conception. INANITION (inanio, to empty). Emptiness, from want of food, exhaustion, &c. INCANDESCENCE (incandesco, to become white-hot). The glowing or shining appearance of heated bodies; properly, the acquisition of a white heat. İNCANTATION (incanto, to enchant). A charm or spell; a mode anciently employed of curing diseases by poetry and music. See Carminatives. INCARCERATION (in, and carcer, a prison). A term applied to cases of hernia, in the same sense as strangulation. Scarpa, however, restricts the former term to interruption of the fæcal matter, without injury of the texture, or of the vitality of the bowel. INCARNATION (in, and caro, carnis, flesh). A term synonymous with granulation, or the process which takes place in the healing of ulcers. INCIDENTIA (incido, to cut). A name formerly given to medicines which consist of pointed and sharp particles, as acids, INCINERATION (incinero, to reduce fixed residue. INCISION (incido, to cut). The act of INCISI'VUS (incisor, a cutting-tooth). 1. Incisivus medius. The name given 2. Incisivus inferior. A name given to INCISO'RES (incido, to cut). The fore INCISORIUM (incido, to cut). A table INCISURA (incido, to cut). A cut, INCOMBUSTIBLE CLOTH. A cloth [INCOMPATIBLE (in, neg.; compatior, Incompatible Salts. Salts which cannot mation, and the full establishment of that IN'CUBUS (incubo, to lie or sit upon). [INCUMBENS (incumbo, to lie upon). [INCURVATUS (incurvo, to bow). INCUS (an anvil). A small bone of INDEHISCENT. Not opening spon- [INDIAN. Of or belonging to India.] [Indian Fig. Common name for the Common name for Can- Indian Ink. See Ink. [Indian Physic. A common name for Indian Rubber. See Caoutchouc. [Indian Tobacco. Common name for the [Indian Turnip. Common name for the [Indian Wormwood. Common name for INCOMPRESSIBILITY. INCONTINENCE (in, not; contineo, [INCREMENTUM (incresco, to grow Indian Yellow. A paint of a bright yel- [INDICATED (indico, to point out). INDICATION (indico, to point out). INCUBATION (incubo, to sit upon). |