Alpine Biodiversity in EuropeLaszlo Nagy, Georg Grabherr, Christian Körner, Desmond B.A. Thompson Springer Science & Business Media, 06/12/2012 - 479 páginas The United Nations Conference on the Environment and Development (UNCED), held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, spawned a multitude of pro grammes aimed at assessing, managing and conserving the earth's biological diversity. One important issue addressed at the conference was the mountain environment. A specific feature of high mountains is the so-called alpine zone, i. e. the treeless regions at the uppermost reaches. Though covering only a very small proportion of the land surface, the alpine zone contains a rela tively large number of plants, animals, fungi and microbes which are specifi cally adapted to cold environments. This zone contributes fundamentally to the planet's biodiversity and provides many resources for mountain dwelling as well as lowland people. However, rapid and largely man-made changes are affecting mountain ecosystems, such as soil erosion, losses of habitat and genetic diversity, and climate change, all of which have to be addressed. As stated in the European Community Biodiversity Strategy, "the global scale of biodiversity reduction or losses and the interdependence of different species and ecosystems across national borders demands concerted international action". Managing biodiversity in a rational and sustainable way needs basic knowledge on its qualitative and quantitative aspects at local, regional and global scales. This is particularly true for mountains, which are distributed throughout the world and are indeed hot spots of biodiversity in absolute terms as well as relative to the surrounding lowlands. |
Índice
1 | 5 |
1 | 8 |
CH KÖRNER J PAULSEN and S PELAEZRIEDL | 13 |
II | 15 |
3 | 18 |
4 | 20 |
Alpine Biota Share a Common Climate Across Europe | 26 |
References | 28 |
References | 218 |
at a Range of Scales | 221 |
12 | 233 |
3 | 242 |
29 | 251 |
3 | 255 |
Y E MIKHAILOV and V N OLSCHWANG | 259 |
The Composition and Origin of the High Altitude Fauna | 265 |
The High Mountain Vegetation of the Scandes | 31 |
5 | 34 |
NAGY | 39 |
References | 45 |
References | 51 |
References | 60 |
References | 68 |
Geology and Climate | 74 |
6 | 76 |
7 | 85 |
47 | 88 |
G NAKHUTSRISHVILI | 93 |
8 | 96 |
References | 102 |
51 | 109 |
References | 110 |
U MOLAU | 123 |
References | 131 |
53 | 139 |
References | 147 |
2 | 156 |
5 | 165 |
in Northern Europe | 173 |
3 | 179 |
Along Elevational Gradients in the Alps | 185 |
3 | 189 |
2 | 196 |
VI | 197 |
5 | 202 |
10 | 208 |
4 | 215 |
6 | 271 |
15 | 277 |
4 | 287 |
References | 293 |
16 | 297 |
17 | 307 |
7 | 314 |
2 | 322 |
19 | 327 |
5 | 336 |
3 | 342 |
246 | 349 |
21 | 350 |
5 | 358 |
386 | 365 |
22 | 367 |
The Effects of Grazing Exclusion on the Vegetation | 380 |
Ecological Problems | 386 |
Alpine Vegetation Dynamics | 401 |
References | 407 |
Snowbed Vegetation | 416 |
Conclusions | 423 |
27 | 434 |
References | 441 |
a Synthesis | 450 |
2 | 459 |
465 | |
466 | |
468 | |
Outras edições - Ver tudo
Alpine Biodiversity in Europe Laszlo Nagy,Georg Grabherr,Christian Körner,Desmond B.A. Thompson Pré-visualização limitada - 2003 |
Alpine Biodiversity in Europe Laszlo Nagy,Georg Grabherr,Christian Körner,Desmond B.A. Thompson Pré-visualização indisponível - 2012 |
Alpine Biodiversity in Europe Laszlo Nagy,Georg Grabherr,Christian Korner Pré-visualização indisponível - 2003 |
Palavras e frases frequentes
alpine belt Alpine Biodiversity alpine grasslands alpine plant alpine species alpine vegetation alpine zone altitude altitudinal Apennines arctic arctic-alpine areas Arpette Balkan Belalp Berlin Heidelberg 2003 biodiversity Biodiversity in Europe bryophytes butterflies calcareous carabids Carex curvula Carex firma Carpathians Caucasus chamaephytes climate change D.B.A. Thompson Eds distribution diversity dominated Dwarf-shrub heath ecosystems elevation endemic species European fauna Festuca Flora Europaea forest Gamisans genera Giant Mts glacial Grabherr G gradient grasslands grazing habitats hemicryptophytes high mountains Hochschwab km² Körner latitude Lepidoptera lichens mapping massif meadows Mediterranean Molau montane mountain ranges Nagy nival Noctuidae northern number of species occur Olschwang Ozenda patterns Pinus plant communities Pyrenees regional rock Salix herbacea Saxifraga Scandes Scotland scree scrub Sesleria Sierra Nevada siliceous slopes soil southern species richness subnival summits Table taxa temperature tion transects treeline ecotone tundra Urala Urals vascular plant species vascular plants végétation vegetation types