fupports of force, combination of multitudes, and maintenance or headships of great perfons. (Life of Henry VII.)

STUDIES.

Studies ferve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privatenefs and retiring; for ornament, is in difcourfe; and for ability, is in the judgment and difpofition of business. . . . To spend too much time in ftudies, is floth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgment wholly by their rules, is the humour of a scholar. (Essays, 1625, 1.)

SUPERSTITION.

It were better to have no opinion of God at all, than fuch an opinion as is unworthy of Him. For the one is unbelief, the other is contumely: and certainly fuperftition is the reproach of the Deity. (Efays, 1625, xvii.)

SUSPICION.

Sufpicions amongst thoughts are like bats amongst birds, they ever fly by twilight. Certainly they are to be repreffed, or, at the leaft, well guarded: for they cloud the mind; they lose friends; and they check with business, whereby business cannot go on currently and conftantly. They difpofe Kings to tyranny, husbands to jealousy, wife men to irrefolution and melancholy They are defects, not in the heart, but in the brain; for they take place in the ftouteft natures: as in the example of Henry the Seventh of England. (Essays, 1625, xxxi.)

THE TURKS (UNSPEAKABLE').

In the midst of your invective (Martius) do the Turks this right, as to remember that they are no idolaters: for if, as you fay, there be a difference between worshipping a base idol and the fun, there is a much greater difference between worshipping a creature and the Creator. For the Turks do

acknowledge God the Father, Creator of heaven and earth, being the first perfon in the Trinity, though they deny

the rest.

At which speech, when Martius made some paufe, Zebedeus replied, with a countenance of great reprehenfion and Severity:

Zebedaus. We must take heed (Pollio) that we fall not unawares into the herefy of Manuel Comnenus, Emperor of Greece, who affirmed that Mahomet's God was the true God: which opinion was not only rejected and condemned by the Synod, but imputed to the Emperor as extreme madness; being reprefented to him alfo by the Bishop of Theffalonica, in thofe bitter and ftrange words as are not to be named.

Martius. I confefs that it is my opinion that a war upon the Turks is more worthy than upon any othersGentiles, infidels, or favages-that either have been or now are, both in point of religion and in point of honour; though facility and hope of fuccefs might (perhaps) invite fome other choice. (Touching an Holy War, 1629.)

OF TRUTH.

What is Truth? faid jefting Pilate, and would not ftay for an answer. Certainly there be that delight in giddinefs, and count it a bondage to fix a belief; affecting free-will in thinking, as well as in acting. And, though the fects of philofophers of that kind be gone, yet there remain certain difcourfing wits which are of the fame veins, though there be not fo much blood in them as was in those of the ancients. But it is not only the difficulty and labour which men take in finding out of Truth; nor again that when it is found it impofeth upon men's thoughts, that doth bring lies in favour; but a natural, though corrupt, love of the lie itself. One of the later fchool of the Grecians examineth the matter, and is at a stand to think what fhould be in it, that men fhould love lies, where neither they make for pleasure, as with poets; nor for advantage, as with the merchant ; but for the lie's fake. But I cannot tell this fame truth is a naked and open daylight, that doth not show the masks, and mummeries, and triumphs of the

world half fo ftately and daintily as candle-lights. Truth may perhaps come to the price of a pearl, that fhoweth best by day; but it will not rise to the price of a diamond or carbuncle, that fhoweth beft in varied lights. A mixture of a lie doth ever add pleasure. Doth any man doubt, that if there were taken out of men's minds vain opinions, flattering hopes, falfe valuations, imaginations as one would, and the like, but it would leave the minds of a number of men poor fhrunken things, full of melancholy and indifpofition, and unpleafing to themselves? One of the Fathers, in great feverity, called poefy vinum dæmonum [=devil's wine], because it filleth the imagination; and yet it is but with the fhadow of a lie. But it is not the lie that paffeth through the mind, but the lie that finketh in and fettleth in it, that doth the hurt, fuch as we fpake of before. But howfoever

these things are thus in men's depraved judgments and affections, yet Truth, which only doth judge itself, teacheth that the inquiry of truth, which is the love-making or wooing of it, the knowledge of truth, which is the presence of