POLITICAL LYING. adopt the latter interpretation will be in error, for tended as an escape from more specific declara- of Louisiana, gentlemen of unimpeachable honor it is certain that two traits belong to his character tions of opinions or policy: as a short method of and veracity-we proceed to deal with this monwhich have no affinity with dullness and inertness. avoiding a duty to which he was alike unaccus- strous invention of the Louisiana Radicals. It is They are resolution and ambition. No one was tomed and unequal; or it may have been adroitly simply a LIE from beginning to end. There have more thoroughly aware how wasted had been his designed to justify some future faithlessness to a been no such murders committed-no such outprevious life; and, with the opportunity afforded party with which his sympathy was so recent. rages have occurred. The thing is simply a story by the war, arose the ambition to redeem the er- Since the commencement of the canvass, neither manufactured for political purposes out of the rors of the past. His resolution has been shown, friend nor foe has solved the mystery of his whole cloth. It would take a very long period to too often, in the exercise of what served, with silence. Whether in the depths of his retiring cover as many cases of death by violence in the him, as a substitute for all other military quali- soul he dreams of dictatorial authority expanding whole State as are here included in the list of ties-adherence to the idea of the power of supe- into imperial splendor, or whether he has glowing murders alone laid to the door of Louisiana Demorior force. So far as his previous life had indi- visions of a people guided by his hand back to crats. For if the 204 murdered men were all cated his sympathies, they were with the South, peace, happiness and equality of right and power, "Unionists," and were murdered, as the Comand not a few among his friends were doubtful none may know. We are remitted to conjectures mittee would have us believe, solely on account of upon which side his sword would be drawn. His to which we can apply no standard derived from their principles, it is fair to infer that the murown decision, according to an authenticated inci- past experience or present assurance. derers must have been Democrats, which, Radident, was determined by a comparison of the two cally speaking, is synonymous with Rebels. sections, and the conclusion that the North must The manner in which "Rebel outrages" are succeed. No sooner has the Camilla falsehood been ex- manufactured for the political market by our RadWe, of course, do not mean to analyze his mili- posed by the official report and accompanying ical lie-mongers is very simple. Sometimes there tary career. He certainly did not employ strat- affidavits, than our attention is challenged by is a small substratum of truth to begin with, and egy-no necessity of inferior strength evoked, at another electioneering lie of even bigger propor- it is only required to add the superstructure of any time, brilliant displays of genius-no limited tions and fresher coinage which comes to us over the lie-as when an undoubted fact is so twisted resources occasioned sudden and brilliant concen- the wires from Louisiana. It comes in the highly and perverted as to be made to answer all the tration and manoeuvering. His was the one prin- questionable shape of a report from a joint com- ends of falsehood. Thus, a man may be killed by ciple of action-that the greater power, by mere mittee of the piebald Legislature appointed to in- lightning, or accidentally drowned; he may comattrition, must wear away the lesser; and no loss vestigate the subject of the peace and good mit suicide, or be run over by the cars and so lose of thousands of men, or waste of countless mil-order of the State. It comes, too, in the very his life. Here we have a dead man to start upon. lions of treasure, weakened his patient and abso- nick of time to serve electioneering purposes It is only necessary, when reporting the fact, for lute reliance upon the final demonstration of its and furnish fresh capital for Radical orators and the papers or by telegraph, to add that the desuccess. There are unbiased military critics who writers. According to this "Report," "within ceased was a Union man, and to suppress the pardescribe all his campaigns as blunders; and it is a short period," in the State of Louisiana, "204 ticulars of his death, and we have a ready-made certain that a like record of an unsuccessful Gen- Unionists have been killed, 51 shot, and 143 "outrage" to order, with the mysterious agency eral would find neither apologist nor defender. It otherwise maltreated, making a total of 398" of the "Ku-Klux Klan" darkly lowering in the is enough, however, to add one thing that cannot separate and distinct cases of outrage. The evi- background-all the materials, in fact, for a highly be controverted-namely, that his military re- dence upon which the Report is based, according effective political cartoon by Nast. The story now nown rests upon no other basis than his successful to the Committee, has been derived from the per- reads that "A. B., a well-known and highly reemployment of irresistible force against a broken,sonal examination of 141 witnesses, 81 letters spected Union man of this vicinity," was found worn and decimated enemy. None of that glory "from various responsible and reputable citi- dead in his field-or hanging in his own barnwhich forms the halo of a soldier's greatness has zens, and 350 copies of affidavits taken from the that his body was discovered lying beside the railever shone around him; it was wanting even at originals in the possession of the Senate and road track or floating down the creek. It is imthe hour of his final triumph; and history will House Committees on Elections and Returns." possible for the candid reader of the story so adroitrecord how the grand dignity of Lee gave to the Yet the Committee say that this fearful record of ly feigned to doubt the motive that led to the crime scene at Appomattox all of its sublimity. crime and violence "is not one tittle of the mur- or the political sentiments of the perpetrators. To define or interpret Grant, as a politician, is ders and outrages actually committed during the More frequently, however, it is found easier to almost impossible. His report to the President time embraced" in their Report. What the invent the whole story ab ovo. Cast in this mould of the condition of the South and the temper of frightful aggregate must be, imagination even fails of a free and unbridled invention was Forney's its people was commendable in its honesty and to portray, if the above be not so much as "a recent pleasant fiction published in his two papers, spirit. It was made under the influence of those tittle" of the whole. Not a hundredth, nor a "both daily," about the indiscriminate shooting generous feelings which his recent triumphs had thousandth part, we suppose, is the idea meant and stabbing, by Baltimore roughs, of passengers inspired. Its suggestions were simple and prac- to be conveyed. In the midst of such wholesale on the through trains passing through Baltimore tical; its testimony sustained the just and clement slaughter, a living "Unionist" in Louisiana must for Philadelphia, on the eve of the late Convenpolicy of restoration, which he was prompt to be a living miracle. tion of the "Boys in Blue" in the latter city. endorse-only to abandon, subsequently, in obe- Now there are some forms of misrepresentation But, says some honest, simple-minded reader, dience to the promptings of a new ambition. This which it is useless to attempt to combat by the nobody believes tales so monstrous; they fail of tergiversation, and his false and treacherous con- weapons of argument or to refute by the produc- any effect, because they must needs carry their duct in the matter of the ad interim appointment tion of testimony. It is such misrepresentation own contradiction on their face. Not a bit of it. of Secretary of War, give no promise of any po- as springs not from ignorance, from misapprehen- Any one who has been at the pains to glance at litical fidelity or the existence of any controlling sion, from imperfect or erroneous information. the leading newspaper organs of Radicalism durprinciple in political morality. We suppose few These are forms of error with which it is not ing the past few months cannot have failed to disdoubt that he would have gladly accepted a Dem- difficult to deal charitably, and to expose which cover that a studious and wilful misrepresentation ocratic nomination--and was quietly looking to it, it is only necessary to resort to the ordinary pro- of facts in regard to the views and aims of the until a confidence in the superior strength of the cesses employed in the elucidation of truth. But Democratic party and the actual condition of afRepublicans brought into play the military idea when error is not involuntary but wilful-when fairs in the Southern States, has constituted the of the advantage of numbers, and he ranged him- misrepresentation proceeds from a deliberate in- whole of Republican electioneering capital during self with the party he considered the stronger. tention to deceive, and deals in wholesale fabrica- the entire canvass. Resolute, persistent lying has His nomination at Chicago drew from him no tion, there is but one answer to be made, and that been the party stock in trade-furnished party declaration of principle or indication of the spirit is to call the hateful thing by its right name and armory with the weapons of a political warfare, of his administration, if elected. His promise to nail it to the counter as a lie. In this way-upon equally an honest and malignant; and, if the Party execute the will of the people may have been in- the authority of eminent and respectable citizens should prove successful in November, will have cess. been the prime cause and instrument of that suc- claimed their relations to have been suspended, sults of social and political revolution must be acnot destroyed; and that he, therefore, had sought cepted as final, and can only be avoided through As the community after all is but an aggregate to restore, at the same time, the rightful authority counter revolution and war. Such are the arguof individuals, and public opinion but the general and energy of both the General Government and ments by which the permanency of outrage is both result-the sum total, as it were, of individual of the State Governments. The opposing policy justified and proclaimed; such are the assertions impressions-we will illustrate by an individual of reconstruction treated these States as having which declare that no step shall be taken backexample, one within our own knowledge, and of forfeited their rights-declared them to be con- ward, and that all the evils of reconstruction shall recent occurrence. Only the other day there came quered and surrendered territories-fit subjects be perpetuated forever. to this city, on private business, an English gen- for the control of military authority-and pro- It is against such arguments and assumptions tleman but just arrived from Liverpool. He man- claimed that they should not, to use the cant that the Democratic party is arrayed. It opposes ifested some solicitude in respect to the peace and rhetoric of Mr. Sumner, "be precipitated back to them for no mere purpose of campaign discussion good order of our city, particularly as regarded political power and independence," until they and excitement. It recognizes that their repudithe matter of personal security. When assured should comply with certain prescribed conditions, ation is the logical necessity of its principles and that there was no city in the country or in the involving the establishment of test oaths, of pro- organization, and that the issue thus made must world where life and person were more safe, or scription and disabilities, of negro suffrage, of ne- be met with nothing of uncertainty. Upon that where the police organization was more vigilant gro eligibility to office-in a word, of all those de-issue it goes to the country, and asks power at the and efficient, he expressed great surprise, and grading innovations which have found formal ex- hands of the people; and its pledge is recorded stated that he had been told by fellow passengers pression in the Constitutions since framed by that this power shall be consecrated to the reveron the steamer, and at the Parker House in Bos- pretended Conventions. The issue thus joined sal of every doctrine of Congressional Reconstructon, that he would be in great danger while in between the Legislative and Executive Depart-tion, the overthrow of every institution it has esBaltimore-that he ought to be very careful, when ments of the Government was soon determined tablished, the withdrawal of every right it has stirring abroad in our streets, to leave all valuables by the triumph of the former. The corner-stone conferred, and the revocation of every disability it behind at the hotel, as neither life nor property of the policy thus established was negro suffrage, has imposed. was safe in this city. All this, not by way of which resulted not only in negro equality, but, in It arraigns Reconstruction for all that it has joke-but in sober, dead earnest-on the part of most of the States, in negro supremacy. done and all that it has left undone; for the his New England friends, who took a personal inWe do not propose to make farther reference wrongs it has perpetrated and the protections it terest in him, and appeared honestly to believe as to facts which will be so readily recalled to the has refused; for its violation of every principle of they spoke. What shall we say? That the lim- recollection of our readers, nor to recount the Constitutional Government and its establishment its of human credulity are co-extensive with the warnings which were vainly uttered in the name of a system of tyranny than which, in all history, capacity of human invention, or that the New of truth, experience, justice and civilization. It none has been wider in its extent or more cruel in England mind has never gotten thoroughly rid of is enough to know that, already, the prophecies its measures. Comprehending all of its frauds, the recollection of that fatal 19th of April, and have been fulfilled which foretold the evils which intrigues and pretenses, its effort to perpetuate the reception which the Sixth Massachusetts met would flow from an ignorant race being forced into its own power and influences, its readiness to sacwith in this city? Assuredly it cannot be said the precocious enjoyment of rights and immuni- rifice time-honored custom and ancient law to the after this that electioneering documents of the ties which other races have been too glad to ac- attainment of its most temporary designs, its excharacter of the Report of the Louisiana Commit-quire by centuries of struggle and endurance. It tee before us, with its catalogue of fictitious hor- is enough to know that no right has been rors, and goodly array of pretended witnesses and ferred upon the Southern negro which has not affidavits, have not their effect, and one which, if been wrested from the Southern white, and that not counteracted by prompt denial, industrious every privilege with which he has been invested pursuit, and effectual exposure, will not fail to be has been at the expense of the freedom and equal felt at the polls in November. RESTORATION. ity of the superior race. con ecuted purpose to erect weak and mongrel governments upon the ruins of long-established authority, the Democratic party finds in Reconstruction the intensified exposition of Radicalism, and is prompted by the elements of its own organization to devote every energy to its overthrow. Democracy claims to possess, indeed, that conservatism The point we desire to present is the utter fail- which protects existing institutions from innovaure of this policy of Radical reconstruction to tions, but they are such as are born of the wisdom When Mr. Pendleton, in one of his recent able accomplish even its own proposed ends. It has of the past; and the duty which would guard speeches, exclaimed: "We want restoration-res- been the subject of renewed tests and trials; it them with jealous care, includes within its scope toration of the Union-restoration of the Con- has been enforced with all the authority of law, their restoration, wherever they have fallen before stitution-restoration of civil government and sustained by whatever military assistance it de-a frenzied Jacobinism. It claims, too, a patriotrestoration of all the rights of all the States manded. It has for three years been working ism which subordinates all questions of party exand of all the people thereof"-he announced through the agency of its emissaries, its Gover- pediency to those which affect the permanent good the great controlling issue of the canvass. It nors, Conventions, Legislatures, Military Com- of the country, and while not vaunting upon all was a timely reiteration of a principle of the manders and Bureaus: and yet, wherever it found occasions, with Pharisaical persistency, its allegiDemocratic party, which asserts the broad dis- confusion, it has been powerless to establish order; tinction between the restoration of the seceding States to all their rights and immunities, as members of a common Union, and that policy of reconstruction which the brute power of a two- The consequence is that in this present canvass thirds Radical majority in Congress has inflicted it is brought to the bar of popular judgment. upon them. We say timely-because since the It becomes a positive and controlling issue in the success which has attended the war waged by contest between Democracy and Radicalism; Congress upon the President, many have incon- whieh can be alone decided by that tribunal which siderately confounded these terms, and employed records the judgment of a mighty people. them, indifferently, to indicate the policy by which The fact of this appeal-the reality of this issue ceive how utterly different must be their respecthe South should be brought back to its original-is thoroughly comprehended by Radicalism. It tive results in reference to the Southern States, relations to the other States. is an appreciation of both which induces it to ex- and how deeply concerned those States must be Our readers will remember that the President claim that the question no longer is, Shall the in the decision which shall determine their future. denied This exposition of the measures inaugura-negro have suffrage? but, Shall suffrage be taken General Grant's election will perpetuate the exted by during the interval between April and from the negro?-that rights once bestowed can- isting order of things, with exaggerated applicaDecember, of the year 1865, that the seceded not be taken away; that political equality, once tions of the principle which has established it. States had ever been out of the Unicu; that he conferred, cannot be withdrawn; and that the re- His accession to the Republican party has been and wherever it has come into contact with social ance to Free Government, it is inspired by a loyalty to Freedom so pure that it turns with disgust from all its counterfeit presentments. If these claims be admitted, there can be no discussion as to the duty which success in the approaching election will impose upon the administration of Mr. Seymour. The distinction between the idea of restoration and that of reconstruction marks the line between a Democratic and a Republican policy. No one can fail to per is in this spirit that the canvass has been car- followed already by a very zealous execution of its necessary to pick up any leading Republican pa- vass, at least to the Eastward, has been concenbehests; and it is a forlorn hope which trusts per in any part of the country to discover that it trated in Pennsylvania. "As Pennsylvania goes, that, as President, he will reverse his harsh adso goes the Union," has long been a proverb in ministration as Military Dictator. the mouths of politicians, and the general feeling But if November declare that power shall be It is with this view that the speeches of South- has been that the vote of the Keystone State, in entrusted to the Democratic party, all possible ern men, particularly of those who held high the present contest, would have all of its reputed exercise of executive authority must be directed positions in the Confederate army-every chance traditional significance. Besides, in Pennsylvania to the restoration of the Southern States, so far expression that may have fallen from their lips the parties have been lately very nearly balanced. as may be possible, to their original positions, as indicative of any lingering sentiment of pride in A few thousand votes would be sufficient to turn members of a common Union, with unrestricted their past career, of affection for their old com- the scale. How shall those votes be obtained? control, under the Constitution, of their own in-rades, of interest in the old associations, of sym- If money can buy them, said the Republican Comternal affairs, and an unequivocal recognition of pathy with the defeated cause-has been greedily mittees, the means shall be forthcoming. In adtheir equality and dignity. caught up, fastened upon, perverted and twisted, dition to the host of Government office-holders until it has been made to appear that the real and place-men who could be, and have been, taxed leaders of the Democratic party are the Hamp- for the purpose, there is little doubt that the great tons, Forrests and Toombses of the South, and that army of bondholders is mainly ranged on the Rethese gentlemen, who have oyer and over again publican side. The financial ideas of the Demogiven assurance of their frank and honest accep- cratic party have not been popular with the montance of the practical results of the war, are secretly eyed men of the country. The National Banks planning to accomplish by the aid of loyal votes have been hostile. Holders of Government secuthe treasonable ends which they had failed to rities thought that, behind all the professions of compass by force of traitorous arms. This and regard for the public faith made by the Party, such like miserable stuff and falsehood has been there lurked a certain disposition in favor of Rethe burden of thousands of Radical speeches-the pudiation. text of millions of Radical electioneering docu- Mr. Pendleton's financial theory was better ments. Hence we have throughout the North the suited for the North-west than for New York or old camp fires lighted again, the old battle-songs Philadelphia. A tender nerve was touched, and sung once more, and the "loyal masses" have been exhorted to go up to the polls against the Democrats as in '61-2 they were called upon to go up to the battle against the Rebels. Whatever existing organization or institution established by the reconstructive policy may stand in the way of this restoration, must be broken up and overthrown. We comprehend that the difficulties to be encountered are formidable, and that the wisest and most cautious statesmanship will be demanded. They are, however, far from insuperable; and it is perfectly competent for wise government, without being false to its great duty of universal protection and security, to restore the disfranchised and degraded States of the South to that position of equality which is alike necessary to their own peace and prosperity, and essential to the glory and welfare of the Union. THE ELECTIONS. throbbed feverishly. Why, if in the Fifth District of Massachusetts, Mr. Dana should defeat Gen. Butler for Congress, it may safely be set down that the chief if not the sole cause of the Although at the moment of writing we are far from being in possession of anything like complete returns from the State Elections of Tues- By this means in great measure the real ques- latter's defeat, will have been his supposed heresy day, enough is known to indicate with sufficient tions involved in the canvass have been lost sight on the money question. If nothing worse could certainty the general result. The Republicans of the true issue to be decided in November has be urged against the General than that record have carried the four States of Pennsylvania, been obscured and hidden from the popular view; which has made his name a by-word throughout Ohio, Indiana and Nebraska. At this we cannot and the Radical party instead of being, as they the civilized world, there would be no opposition say that we are surprised. The Radicals have ought to have been, put on the defensive, and to-day to his re-election among the Republicans been wielding throughout the contest the most held to answer at the bar of the country for the of his District. Now, this all potent bond-holding formidable weapons in any warfare with great political sins with which they are chargeable, and interest which, in the Fifth Congressional Diseffect. These two weapons have been falsehood all the bitter fruits of factious misrule and Con-trict, has divided the Radical party, and set up and money. The position of the Democratic gressional reconstruction, have been enabled to Mr. Dana against Gen. Butler-in Pennsylvania, Party has been studiously and successfully mis- take the offensive and assume the attitude of at- as elsewhere, has thrown all the weight of its represented. The old issues have been revived, tack. The real criminal appears as the actual ac-money-bags in the scale against the Democracy. and people who derive all their knowledge and cuser. The Democratic party has been required to The Radicals had the money to spend, and they ideas upon political matters from the harangues purge itself of the suspicion of "disloyalty," and have spent it. We think it quite likely that, in of stump orators and party newspapers, have been account for its present association with Southern proportion to their means, the Democrats did persuaded that those issues were being fought "traitors," before it can be heard in support of pretty well in the same line; but where they have over again-that secession and slavery underlay the indictment framed with so much care by the spent hundreds, it may fairly be assumed the the Democratic Platform, adopted in New York New York Platform-makers in July last. In this Radicals have spent thousands. We have heard in July, 1868, as they did that of the Breckinridge device of turning the political tables upon their the precise sums mentioned which were subscribed wing in 1860-that the Democratic canvass in fact opponents, the Radical managers have been very on given occasions, and by named persons, in New was another "Rebellion" in disguise. "Soldiers, successful as well as adroit. York, for the purpose of defraying the expenses cast your ballots where you threw your bullets- Another potent instrument of success with the of the Radical campaign in Pennsylvania, and the the same enemy is before you"-has been the ex- Radicals has been the lavish expenditure of money. magnitude of the amounts only illustrated the hortation constantly addressed by the Radical Probably there has never been an election in the importance which the Republicans attached to press to the veterans who served in the armies of history of the country in which so much money carrying the great central State of the Union. the Union during the long years of civil war. In has been spent for purposes of corruption as in Money and misrepresentation accordingly have the Radical vocabulary, every Democrat is a "Cop- the elections which took place on Tuesday last. done their 'work-have brought about that which, perhead" and every Copperhead a "Rebel." The The legitimate expenses of the campaign were for the credit of the common sense and common people have been persuaded that the election of largely in excess of what has been usual on such honesty of the American people, we would not have the Democratic candidates would be the virtual occasions. Here in Maryland, where there is no believed possible in a fair, square fight between surrender of all the fruits of victory achieved at contest-where, as in Kentucky, it is all one way the parties on the naked issues of the canvass. so much cost of blood and treasure, as though the people have no idea of the extent and scale of pestilent and persistent agitation of the Jacobins the political meetings, processions, and other dein and out of Congress has not been the only ob- monstrations, which have been gotten up by both stacle to the enjoyment of those fruits-the real parties during the late exciting canvass in Ohio cause why, though three years have elapsed since and Pennsylvania. In this matter of expenditure, the formal declaration of peace, throughout a whether for legitimate or illegitimate purposes, large portion of the Union, with melancholy truth the Radicals have had immensely the advantage. it can be said, "There is no peace." It is only For some time past the whole interest of the can Of course, we are perfectly aware that such appliances have been used before, as they will be again, under any system of popular elections. With that imperfection, that liability to abuse, which is inherent in all human institutions, we know that the Grand National Inquest of the People may mistake the real issue in the case and render an erroneous verdict, as well as lesser juries in less important cases-and with this material the kingdom. Not only do these schools, a de- latter in these parochial schools are required to difference, that there is no Bench to appeal to to scription of which follows, serve the purpose of learn drawing as well as writing. For the former, set the unjust verdict aside. Like the fancied esthetic culture, but facility is afforded by them night schools are provided. Any man who does perfection of that other boasted Palladium of the for the practical application of high art to not pay an income tax can send his child to a the various uses of modern civilization. This school for the poor, or can himself attend the night rights of freemen, the purity of the ballot-box is topic is peculiarly interesting as applied to similar schools above mentioned. All these, so far as art only too much of an Utopian dream. Fairness, institutions on a limited scale in this country; and is concerned, are under the direction of the Centoo, is a virtue rarely found among politicians or the method adopted, as described in a late number tral Committee, which corresponds, not with the in the contests of faction, whether confined to the of the Revue des Deux Mondes is suggestive of pos- teachers, but with the local Secretary. This latter narrow arena of a representative body or extend-sible reforms in our own Schools of Design. The functionary has the management of all art affairs ing through the whole mass of "free and enlight- object is well worthy the attention of that munifi- in his district. The local committee once formed, ened voters" among a democratic people. All cent philanthropy which has placed within the receives liberal aid from South Kensington. Funds that we mean to say in reference to the elections reach of the people institutions similar in intention are furnished them for the purchase of models, and kind in this city and elsewhere. paintings, drawings; &c., to the amount of forty per lately held, is simply this-that rarely have the France has heretofore enjoyed pre-eminence cent. of their cost. Prizes are awarded to the real merits of the contest been so totally over-in the culture of the arts. Her people, like those most deserving. These are always useful gifts, as looked-seldom have corrupt influences so exten- of Italy, seem to be born with that appreciation of books, drawing implements, mathematical instrusively prevailed. the beautiful, and that facility for reproducing it, ments, &c. The advanced pupils are made teachSo much for the causes that have led to the re-which other less favored nations must acquire by ers, and may look forward to professorships. sult. One word with regard to the result itself. laborious study and diligent practice. In the Schools have been established for men, to which Apart from the influence that Tuesday's elections World's Exhibition of 1851, the inferiority of Eng-artizans are gratuitously admitted. These night may be supposed to exert upon that which is to land in this particular was painfully conspicuous. classes are under the control of a local committee, be held in November next, or from any indication John Bull, however, was not the individual to sit which must consist of at least five members. This which they may be presumed to afford of the down quietly content in a subordinate position. committee receives the donation from the governToo honest to lie himself out of the imputation, he ment and controls the schools. The prizes are present drift and probable decision of the popular acknowledged his mediocrity, and stoutly set out awarded by the Central Committee at the annual will-it is a subject of melancholy reflection to to remedy it. The result is, that he has organized examination. Every artizan who has paid for his find that party lines are once more becoming sec- the best system of industrial art education known education receives for each drawing that has passed tional and geographical. Maryland, Delaware to the world. The head of this system is a Central examination a prize of 10 shillings, and for each and Kentucky, with, it may be assumed, the rest Committee at South Kensington. These people accepted original design of foilage or other ornaof the Southern States-those that are allowed a do not shrink from money expenditure. Knowing mental work, a premium of 15 shillings. After voice in the Presidential election-range them- that poor artizans, ignorant of the advantages of four examinations these artizans receive a diploma selves in unbroken order on the side of the Demo-art, could hardly be persuaded, even by the temp- of the second class, and may become teachers in tation of gratuitous instruction, to devote a portion of their time to the study of design, they wisely conclude to pay them for studying. ment. schools of the poor or in night schools. Special drawing schools have collections open to the public, and presided over by graduates of the third class. They must give lessons several times a week, at least two hours long, at the evening schools for artizans. Ten pounds salary is given to the pupil teacher of each school of thirty artizans; twenty if there are a hundred artizans, and ten pounds for each diploma of the third degree given All the best works are sent to the annual exhibi contribute. Ten gold, twenty silver, and fifty bronze medals are distributed every year. Those pupils who take premiums are sure of positions in some of the large manufacturing establishments, or are made teachers at South Kensington. Women as well as men are permitted to compete at these exhibitions, and the Princess of Wales has established two premiums, one of twelve and the other of twenty-four pounds, to be given to the successful female competitors. In 1867, 600 drawings, and 100 modellings drew prizes. cratic party. The Northern States, one after another, as they are successively heard from, plant themselves with equal unanimity on the side of True to the autonomic instincts of the race, they Radicalism. This is a bad augury for the future encourage the formation of local societies, which peace and prosperity of the country. Not that regulate their own affairs. These are dependent there is any likelihood of another war of sections. on the Central Committee only so far as is necesThat, in any event, is out of the question. But sary to establish uniformity of action and efficiency because there is no prospect of justice and conse- committees must submit to be visited by the in- after examination. of instruction. The schools established by these local quent harmony between the sections, where one is spectors and examiners of South Kensington. These arrayed against the other, and on the one side is conditions complied with, considerable sums of mo- tion at South Kensington, to which all the schools absolute power, on the other only capacity to suf-ney are given to these local schools. The amounts fer and submit. Formerly, in the earlier and bet-contributed vary with the proficiency of the pupils. ter days of American politics, it was not so. In all cases, the schools are required to receive Then, parties were more national than sectional, their first professors from the graduates of the Nathough from the earliest days of our history there tional Art Training School. The expenses of this establishment are borne in part by the Governcould be traced in the South, as had been observed by Burke, a higher sense of personal freedom, One hundred and fifty schools are in connection greater independence of individual action, and a with South Kensington. The manufacturing cities, stronger attachment to the rights of the States; discovering that Mechanics' Institutes could not at the North a more marked preference for a accomplish the desired results, established schools of strong government, readier submission to party art. Birmingham, with 300,000 inhabitants, has 1,000 shackles, and a more decided tendency to consoli-art pupils; Dublin, out of a population of 250,000 date and centralization. Still, in the old days of inhabitants, has 500; the half million of Liverpool sends to its two art schools 1,100 pupils; while Whig and Democrat, North Carolina and Ken- London, with 3,500,000 inhabitants, supports ten tucky were not less unequivocally Whig than schools of art, which are attended by 3,000 stuMassachusettes and Vermont, while South Caro- dents. In these schools females are not neglected. lina was as consistently Democratic as Pennsylva- Bloomsbury, with a population of five thousand, nia. With the growth and ascendancy of sectional parties came all our woe. The continued existence of such parties is a barrier to the return of Peace-that Peace which the Republicans affect so earnestly to desire, but which, by their revival of sectional animosities, they are doing all in their power to prevent. gives an art education to 150 girls. South Kensington is thus not only a drawing school for industrial artists, but also a nursery for their teachers. The National Art Training School aims not at high, but at applied art, and gives gratuitous instruction to both sexes. The parochial schools diffuse among the children a general knowledge of the same sort. All who desire to become teachers are gratuitously instructed. After The primary schools of London are required to taking a diploma of the first class, they receive give elementary art instruction to their pupils, pecuniary assistance to the extent of four dollars the Government, the main object being to encour-to the same aid. They are required, however, in and receive, for this purpose, a certain sum from per week. One of the third class entitles a woman age painting and modelling, &c. Annual reports consideration of this, to teach such classes as may are made to the Queen of the progress of the insti- be assigned them. tution. Defects are not covered up, but with gen- The curriculum is sufficiently extensive. It emuine British honesty, are frankly confesscd. The braces twenty-three different studies, which are ART EDUCATION FOR THE MASSES. committee freely exercise the highly valued An- classified under six groups. Commencing with The maxim of Goethe, "encourage the beautiful, glo-Saxon prerogative of grumbling. They growl elementary drawing, they ascend through perthe useful will take care of itself," has been com- at the slow progress made in view of the efforts spective and the study of human anatomy to paintpromised in a noteworthy manner in England by and money expended, though in truth England ing and sculpture. Architecture is comprised in the establishment of schools of art and design for in this respect has advanced with giant strides. the course-not the grand art as applied to public the people in different cities and towns throughout | Adults as well as children are instructed. The constructions, but chiefly its use as applied to pri namentation. vate buildings, and especially to the details of orWith every diploma of the higher grade is obtained an appointment worth often ten dollars per week. Those who desire it can pursue special studies, such, for example, as the ornamentation of fabrics or industrial designing. To carry out these views a great collection of works of art was needed. Neither the National Gallery nor the British Mu- with the reflective faculty of a philosopher and The present collection of Miscellanies constitute seum fully met the demand. There was, there- the acuteness and tact of a man of the world; if a series of critical papers contributed from time fore, established at South Kensington a Gallery a zest in the delights and pleasures of his art and to time to the literature of the past half century. containing everything accessible, pertaining to the a long and solitary fidelity to its demands; if un- As a critic, Lord Lytton is at his best. As a dishistory, theory and practice of the arts. This museum has great resources, and grows rapidly. It remitting industry, fine mental discipline and cursive and introspective essayist, he never falls contains subjects in every department of art. The various learning-if all these requisites constitute below a high standard of taste, is sometimes student can find there specimens of sculpture, a really great man or a great artist, Lord Lytton brilliant, always well informed, and seldom painting, drawing, engraving, enamelling, metal is altogether the best exponent of his art the dull. As a writer of sketches of life and characwork of all sorts, arms, lacquer-work, textile fab- period affords. But as these parts of mind and ter, he is extremely pointed and happy. As a rics, pottery, glass, and the designs from which circumstances of personal history do not constitute, philosopher of the world, he is knowing, intellithese are made. in themselves, either a great man or a great gent, and observant. He seldom, if ever, applies In order to communicate a knowledge of the artist, Lord Lytton, in the highest sense, is neither. the moral test to criticism, is more fond of literary finer works of art to small towns and villages, pho- We cannot apply to him the moral muscle of a wit and beauty, than literary conviction and truth. tography has usually been supposed to be the only resource. The English, however, have hit upon a Luther, the warmth and zeal of Savonarola, the In some respects his criticisms incline to be superfar better method of diffusing this sort of informa- intense human sympathy of Shakespeare, the ficial, though he seldom errs in the detection tion. They have adopted the plan of traveling irrepressible tenderness of Thackeray, the youth- of a fault. He is scholarly, and entirely at exhibitions. Fine works of art are carefully ful elasticity and humor of Dickens; and, in so home upon any literary topic, and if he fails to packed, and sent from point to point throughout far as he fails in the strength of these and such touch the core of any subject, it is because of the the kingdom. The towns in which these exhibi- like traits, he falls far short in comparison with possession of a degree of fatal facility and ease, tions are held, are expected to contribute their the highest and most noted types of human char- a want of native earnestness, and a certain incashare towards the expenses. They are required to provide suitable buildings, the necessary cases, acter and genius, and this deficiency becomes pacity to separate himself altogether from his and to take precaution to ensure the safety of the manifest in his books. He is a fine intellectual specimens. The collections contain casts of statues, product-a mental organism of singular fullness, copies of great paintings and fine engravings, as wrought upon through a most delicate nervous well as illustrations of decorative art. The exhi- system. If he is, in some senses, æsthetic perbitions must be kept open night and day. A small fection, of his ethics we may speak with far less admittance fee is charged, which must be lower at confidence. night than during the day, and which for at least two nights in the week is fixed at one penny. These very moderate charges serve to defray the expenses of the local committee, and in some cases even give them a surplus, which is turned over to the schools under their charge. Artisans studying We think his Lordship's fire ignis fatuis; we prove that his sketches are good or bad-only in these schools have free admittance to these ex-never see the anguish of his heart, his soul in ex- that, in their kind, they are Bostonese; that is, hibitions. In addition to these traveling collec- stacy or despair. His tears may flow from sensi- there is the customary clearness and propriety of tions, they have also peripatetic libraries. Costly tive glands, not from a sorrowing or sympathetic style, good English, absence of real humor, presbooks of course remain at the great centres, but heart. And yet there is some feeling in his ence of pure dogmatism, a certain knack at the rest are sent from place to place, for the bene-books of the sentimental sort; but it seems to descriptive intensity, and occasional effort at wordfit of all the pupils. have soaked through the pores of his skin from painting and fine writing common among the without, rather than exude from fountains of feel- lesser fledglings of the modern Boston school of ing within. How thoroughly an intellectual mas- light literature. The preservation of these fugiter of his art must such an artist be to create love tive pieces in book form will follow the fate that and sympathy in others, give light and warmth, almost invariably waits upon such collections, when these qualities are inarticulate and weak namely, a very brief indulgence from oblivion. within himself! How fine the brain, how deft the hand and delicate the touch! "Strange Story." The true inference from this visible energy of belief, in Lord Lytton. His record is not merely that of remarkable literary Lordship's books may greatly elevate the public facility-it shows Lord Lytton to be gifted taste: as a whole, they will surely fail to inculfar more with the intellectual genius of his call- cate true doctrines of right and wrong, and ing than moved to it by the profounder impulses win the public heart to charity and truth. He is of moral greatness. If to have culture, sensibil- the subject, not the leader, of the literary influity, fine tissue and delicate nerves; if to be gifted ences of his time. The advantages of this admirable system were seen as early as 1855. In the great Exhibition of that year, England was discovered to have overcome her inferiority in many of the decorative arts. In 1867, France was alarmed at her progress, and compelled to confess that in many points in which she had always considered herself facile princeps, she had been completely outstripped by her insular rival. (w.) BOOK NOTICES. "Look in! You'll find me hollow," is an invocation in the poems of Owen Meredith, theme.-(w) "If, Yes, and Perhaps-Four Possibilities and Six Exaggerations.” By Edward E. Hale. Boston: Ticknor and Fields. 1 Vol. 1868.This book is a series of papers contributed to current literature and consists, in the main, of stories or parables, for the most part illustrative of a theory or a moral. Mr. Hale is probably a Boston man. This fact does not of necessity The most striking of the sketches is entitled "A Man Without a Country," which, having a Having grown with the century, he has been political cast and being published during the war, modulated to its tastes, but he has never moulded created some mention among the devotees of the its ideas, controlled its fancy, or made its thought. Atlantic Monthly. The writer draws the picture Miscellaneous Prose Works. By Edward Bul- If he has changed for the better, it has been in of an individual condemned for profanely disparwer, Lord Lytton. 2 Vols. New York: Har- obedience to conventional pressure, through sug-aging the land of his birth by the remark le obper & Brothers. 1868.-Edward Bulwer, Lord gestions from others, not by the changes of his jurgation of: Lytton, is a very fine example of the culture and own inner life, the anxious yearnings of a selfcharacter of the Victorian Age of English let-conscious spirit. "D-n the United States! I wish I may never hear of the United States again." ters. He began with its infancy and has kept If his mind is distinguished in one peculiarity This is supposed to have taken place when the pace with its tastes. He has traversed almost the more than any other, it is in its delicate receptive party, an officer of the U. S. Navy-whose subseentire range of its literature. He is, chronologi-quality-a musing sensibility of movement by quent melancholy career is portrayed-was on trial cally, the Polybius of the literary century. From which he passes through every change of mood for being mixed up in some manner with the se"Pelham" to "My Novel,"-by way of "Paul and thought-a vast versatility, a luxuriant and ditious adventures of Aaron Burr. He was asked Clifford," "Eugene Aram," "The Last of the cultivated fancy running with singular rapidity what he had to say why sentence should not be Barons," and "Zanoni"-he has gone through from topic to topic, and very fond of the diver- passed, and what he could do to prove that he almost every conceivable field of fiction. "Eugene sion. His motive power is extreme susceptibility had "always been faithful to the United States." Aram" is as striking a contrast to "My Novel" of temperament, but there are no calm depths, In reply, he irreverently expressed the hope and as the philosophy of "Zanoni" to that of the no resolute convictions, no fixedness of creed, no gave vent to the imprecation quoted. Where |