Knowledge of German Literature in France.-A recent number of "La France Litéraire," contains an article headed, "On the Modern (young) Literature in Germany," of which Falconnet is said to be the author. He however seems to have written this article twenty-five years ago, for what he means by Modern Literature is nothing less, than what is now generally called the Modern or Young School, as it comprises Körner, Moritz Arndt, (whom he singularly enough calls Arndt Moritz,) and old John; and this he calls Modern Literature in Germany. He gives us specimens of Körner, "Lützows verwegene Jagd, Schmertlied," and some others, in very inferior prose translations, and with this the "France Litéraire" pretends to have given its readers a review of Modern German Literature.

Bignon has lately again made the Belgian piracies of French books the subject of his reflections, in which he views it in a still more melancholy light than before, connecting it with the railway communication between the two countries. The moment, says he, a book is published in Paris, it will be reprinted at Bruxelles, and distributed by thousands all over France. All measures against it will be fruitless. Either Belgium must be induced to introduce the same laws with respect to booksellers and authors in connection with France, or the bookselling trade, if not the literature, of France will be ruined. The author must throw away his pen, the printer his press, and the paper-maker his paper, and all persons connected with literary pursuits will sink into misery. He complains that the ministries for Public Education and for Foreign Affairs do not see the importance of the subject. He very much censures the plan of the commission for the investigation of this affair last year, of forming a code of press-laws for all Europe. In his opinion this plan ought, in the first place, only to be extended to Belgium and French Switzerland, where he says the true enemy is. England, Germany, and all other countries in which French is not spoken, are not to be feared.

ITALY.

Even Slavonian scholars are now travelling to Rome to consult its literary stores for enlightening their own history. The author of the latest and best history of Bohemia, Francis Palacki, has returned to Prague, after a sojourn of five months at Rome. He has discovered in the collection of ancient records in the Papal archives a rich source of information, relating to the history of the last Bohemian kings of the house of Przemyliden, and the two first kings of the Luxemburg line. In the Vatican library Palacki also discovered the first sketch of the second book of the "Chronicon Aulæ Regiæ," by the Abbot Peter, in which he found many erasures and corrections; also an autograph copy of Æneas Sylvius, "De Viris Illustribus," hitherto unpublished, which contains the characters of his principal cotemporaries. Not long ago the Count Raczynsky, the well-known Polish author, undertook a scientific tour through Italy. He found in the records of the old Venetian republic, several large volumes, containing the relations of the accredited Venetian ambassador at the Polish court. From seven volumes in particular he derived much information respecting Johann III., Sobieski. Raczynsky has, with the permission of the Austrian government, ordered this portion to be copied. Also in other archives and libraries, in particular those at Padua, and the Ambrosian in Milan, he found collections of information hitherto unused by Polish historians, which also yielded many particulars relative to the histories of the kings Sigismond Augustus, Henry of Valois, and of Stephen Batony, which are of great importance.

Premier Siècle de la Calcographie, ou Catalogue raisonnée du Cabinet Cicognara. —This, a collection of the earliest style of engraving, and exhibiting the most approved good taste in the selection of the scarce proofs it contains, will be shortly sold. We need not add our confident trust that the British Museum will secure from its treasures some still rarer varieties of Mark Antonio and the early school than even its own fine collection, of which the English public is scarcely cognizant, possesses. The published catalogue, which follows the Chronological Order of Art, is a work of considerable research, and reflects great credit on the laborious investigations of Signor Zanetti. The whole collection will be sold in the course of a few months, and we simply ring this note of preparation in order that it may not be lost to us equally with the splendid library of Heher, and the unique collection of Athanasi, unequalled in variety or antiquity by any other extant, and which has been recently declined, both in Paris and Rome, as well as by the British Museum, on account of the sum demanded for it.

SWITZERLAND.

ZURICH.-The seventh and eighth volumes of Orell's edition of Cicero, containing the second and third of the "Onomasticon Tullianum" has just been published, and completes the edition, the price of which, entire, is 5l. 18s. 6d.

RUSSIA.

In the year 1836, 674 original works, and 124 translations, were published in Russia, not including 46 periodicals. The government seems desirous of preventing the publication of any new periodical, at least it will not license a private person to put forth any. The number of books published in 1836 greatly exceeds that of 1835. Scientific works, dramas, and school-books, seem to have increased, and on the other hand novels and romances decreased, both in number and bulk. 350,000 volumes of foreign books were imported into Russia in that year, full one half of which were bought at St. Petersburg.

The Imperial Russian Akademie at Petersburg, consisted, in January, 1838, of 55 ordinary, and 17 honorary, members. The institution has a library of 4340 volumes, and 123 manuscripts. The academy is about to publish a Journal under the title “Wissenschaftliche Arbeiten d. Kais. Russ. Academie." The Imperial Academy of Science, which must not be confounded with the above, read during the sessions of 1836, 86 manuscript works, memoirs and criticisms.

The public library at St. Petersburg received an addition of 27,000 volumes during the year 1836. It now contains 423,150 volumes and 17,234 manuscripts.

Fouqué's Undine has been translated into Russian hexameters by Tulkowsky, and printed in a beautiful style, and illustrated with many engravings.

SERVIA.

Accounts from Servia announce, that a monk of the order of St. Basil has just discovered a collection of historical manuscripts in the monastery of Monte-Negro. Being ordered to inspect the vaults which extend in different

directions untie the church of the convent, he found that the numerous cofins deposnet there were all decayed or broker to pieces, except one, which remanet entre When this report was received by the superior, he consulted viti us ireturer, aut it was resolved to open the coffi This was done wri due spemury, and her astonishment may te imaginer, when it was found tunc tu cuff, which was of leat, was flet with bundles of papers, in a very good sune of preservation, each wrapped up it olier cloth. On a general examination. tier vert discovered 10 De chronicies, writer in the diferent Scaronian languages, and it extent from the is invasion by the bearmane, of the counes widered by the Danie. To the year 1791. Thest chronices contain the history of Waliachia Modavia, Servia, and Buigara, aut numerous detais relative to the crusades, the empire if the East, the ware of Puant and Hungary against the Ottomans; the whole written aut compose VT -VINESSES. Frince Mosci nas prchased tus precious section of manuscripts for 5001 ducats, and has commissioned his private secretary, Mr. Wout Woutanowitch, and twenty-four earnet Servians, inmetincey to examine, and to class them according at their dutes; and these avcuments WIL De forum pluister at the expense of the Prince. LieLeum. Marti 1.4 38SE.

GREECE.

ATHINE, DE-The new press-iew has passed through the Cabinet, and WIL DE Drittet buat T. We nuderstand that it will some degree impede the pillation of politica.newspapers, by "Lising the couchlines for publishzug zuen, but even then it wil te mire ter that Engand wiL IS DERSproer stamps. The icenciousness mus beer in fact, tot great. Ethers every enoor who comic deposit 5000 Gractims in the state treasury, for winch be received 6 per cent. 2terest, was doensed to pLust a DeWSINDER. The Text Kep was 19 male 5 CUDE OF at other servant, BCL Che manuscript. If the paper was ever stadensed, the domestic went to prison, and the piper went di, the manuscript being away taken to the priste to be signed. The new ir vi, enforce the fuowing restrictions. The deposit of 3000 drachms wis remund; besides tuus the elder must show that be has andet przderty to the fue ut, that te is a citizen of the country, that be has sworn the ont of Legance, and has had a scientific education, Le, a know jente zf ancient and modems Great This may seem ridorides, but is not st here, as we inre editors wigy only for this purpose, had learnt to sign their names. Freedom of speech is limited as ever, and the erty of the press is great as is any other country in Europe.

EGYPT.

Letters from Dr. Lowe, received since our last, and dated from September to the end of November, mention successively is arrival at the tombs of the Pharachs, and his delight at the scene, and still more at the eucess and clearness of the Inscriptions. This amiable and inteligent traveler mentions some interesting discoveries which he had made at Malta, bet gives DO CELLIS at present. The Pacta, be states, had received him most kindly, and set him to translate some biero robics; on performing which be immediately received a firman to travel through all Upper Egypt, with boats, cameis borses, and every thing he required, with or without money. He was engaged in translating as Ocelice, at Hellspolis, for the Pacha, at the time, Sept. 90% wring this letter, which is dated from the Pyramid farm-yant of the great Pyramid of Geeza. He was expecting to be presented to Ibrahim Pasta La thè mean time he was taking four lessons a day in Arabic, Persian, and Turki These continued for two months, and of course far greater advances can be made on the spot where these languages are spoken than in Europe.

We subsequently find the traveller at Memphis, (15th November), delighted with every thing, and intending to proceed one and a half day's journey beyond Wady Halfa, in the Desert. He was journeying with six Nubian sailors and an Arab servant, and thinking of proceeding to Meroë and Gebel Barkal. His furniture was all Turkish, and his tent, instead of books, fully supplied with guns, swords, and pistols, and also a prayer carpet. The wind was extremely favourable for proceeding.

On the 28th of November he was at Dendera, panting to reach Thebes and go on to Upper Egypt and Nubia, from whence he was to return to Cairo; and proceed, after a month's stay there, to Constantinople; from thence to return in the course of six months, through Rome and Turin, once more to England.

PERSIA.

ARROW-HEADED INSCRIPTIONS OF ANCIENT PERSIA. Major Rawlinson, who is carrying on researches in Persia, has made material discoveries among the Kuneiform or arrow-headed Inscriptions there; and has addressed a letter to the Asiatic Society, stating that these will shortly be brought before the public, and promising to send the results of all his labours on this head, if they should be found to interest the people of England.

Having ourselves directed notice to the Continental discoveries of Grotefend, and after him St. Martin, Burnouf, and Lassen, in a recent Number of this Review, and given, amongst others, the decypherment of that most important tablet which goes far to confirm the Persian Satrapies of Herodotus, we are the more desirous to call public attention to this subject, which hitherto appears to have attracted no notice whatever in England. We shall return shortly to the consideration of this question in a distinct Article.

INDIA.

RAJPOOTANA.-The poems of Chund, the Rajpoot poet, are appearing in successive Numbers of the Asiatic Journal. They are extremely warlike and spirited, almost deserving the name of Epic, and though tinctured with Oriental faults bear a considerable resemblance to the compositions of the West. They are equally curious, beautiful and interesting, and are elucidated by the valuable remarks of the learned, judicious, and able editor.

ASSAM.

The hopes first excited by the discovery of extensive tracts of the tea-plant, in the recently ceded province of Assam, have been considerably checked by finding its utter uselessness, or rather deleterious qualities, in its present uncultivated state. It is not however doubted but that assiduous care, and the results of our horticultural skill, united to the practice generally observed by the Chinese under somewhat similar circumstances, though never known to the same degree as in our new possession, will in time render tea a British (colonial) production.

CHILE.

The height of some of the Cordilleras in Chile have been recently measured by Mr. Pentland, sometime British Consul. The peak of Aconcagua above the level of the sea has been ascertained by the theodolite as 23,944 feet; 197 feet less than the results of observations by Captains Fitzroy and Beechey. The same gentleman found also that in the most violent storms encountered by the Stag frigate in the Pacific Ocean the waves never rose higher than 20 feet above the level of the sea; the measured height of waves above the deck did not exceed 18 feet.

VOL. XXI. NO. XLI.

R

LIST OF THE PRINCIPAL NEW WORKS

PUBLISHED ON THE CONTINENT,

FROM JANUARY TO MARCH, 1838, INCLUSive.

THEOLOGY AND ECCLESIASTICAL LITERATURE.

1 Exposé de la Réligion des Druzés, par de Sacy. 2 Vols. 8vo. 11. 5s.

2 Histoire des Saints d'Alsace, par Hunkler. 8vo.

6s.

3 Histoire d'Innocent III., par St. Chéron et Hiber. 8vo.

4 Sainte Bible, la Traduction, par Genoude. Vol. I. 8vo. 1s.

5 Alt, Predigten über die Sonn- und Festtags Episteln. 8vo. Hamburg. 3s.

6 Augusti, Beiträge zur Geschichte und Statistik der Evangelischen Kirche. 8vo. Leipzig. 4s. 6d.

7 Betrachtungen eines Laien über Strauss' Leben Jesu. 12mo. Göttingen. 5s.

8 Claudius, Werke. 4 Vols. 8vo. 5th Edition. Hamburg. l. 4s. 6d.

9 Das Buch Koheleth übersetzt, mit einem hebräischen Commentar. 8vo. Breslau. 3s. 6d.

10 Kranold, De anno Hebraeorum jubilaeo. 4to. Gottinga. s. 6d.

11 Neander, Leben Jesu. 2d Edition. 8vo. Hamburg. 13s. 6d.

12 Olshausen, Biblischer Commentar. Vol. I. New Edition. Königsberg. 8vo. 15s.

13 Stillings sämmtliche Schriften. Complete in 13 Volumes. 3l. 7s. 6d.

14 Tholuck, Commentatio de vi quam, etc. 4to. Hamburg. 2s.

15 Wette, de, Kurz gefasstes exegetisches Handbuch zum neuen Testament. 8vo. Vol. II. Part I. Leipzig. 3s. 6d.

LAW AND JURISPURDENCE.

16 Corpus Juris Canonici, Richter. Fasc. I. to IX. Each 4s. 6d.

17 Lehrbuch des Handelsrechts, von Schiebé und Mittermaier. Vol. I. Part I. 8vo. 3s.

MORAL PHILOSOPHY, METAPHYSICS, EDUCATION, AND POLITICAL ECONOMY.

2 Vols. 8vo.

2s. each Volume.

18 Abrégé du Dictionaire de l'Academie Française, par Lorain. 19 Andrieux, Preceptes d'Eloquence. 2d Edition. 8vo. Paris. 7s. 20 Gumal et Lina, par Lossius, traduit par Dumas. 3 Vols. 6s. 21 Livre des Enfans, par Voiart et Tastu. 5 Vols. 16mo. 22 Vinet, Essais philosophie Morale, etc. 8vo. Paris. 6s. 23 Becker, Ausführl. deutsche Grammatik. 2te Abthl. 8vo. Frankfurt. 8s. 6d. 24 Kants, Immanuel, Werke. 1st Part. 8vo. Leipsig. 2s. 6d.