II. ANGIOSPERMIA.

183. BARTSIA.

1. B. Odontites, root fibrous; stem square, branched; leaves lanceolate, serrated, the upper ones alternate; flowers forming unilateral clusters, rose-coloured. Red Bartsia.

Hab. Meadows and pastures, on a cold and wet clay soil, common. July, Aug. O

184. RHINANTHUS.

1. R. Crista-Galli, stem slightly branched; leaves lanceolate, serrated; calyx smooth; style concealed by the upper lip; seeds with a dilated membranous border. Common Yellow Rattle.

Hab. Barren meadows and pastures. June. O

Stem a foot high, smooth, often spotted. Leaves somewhat crisp and fleshy, curiously marked on the under surface with characters of a paler green. Flowers axillary, but somewhat crowded and spiked, yellow, with a blue upper lip.

2. R. major, stem much branched; leaves linear-lanceolate, serrated; bracteas taper-pointed; calyx smooth; style promi. nent; seeds slightly bordered. Large Yellow Rattle.

"I also ob

Hab. Corn fields in the north of England.
served it this year, 1723, amongst the corn nigh West-
newton, in Northumberland, upon the borders of Scot-
land,” Dr RICHARDSON. Though I have not observed
it, yet others may probably find it in this neighbour-
hood. Mr WINCH remarks, it ought to be looked for
in newly inclosed grounds. July. O

Larger than the preceding, with narrower leaves, and smaller
flowers with a purple upper lip.

185. EUPHRASIA.

1. E. officinalis, stem 1-4 inches high, square; leaves ovate, sessile, furrowed, toothed; flowers white, with purple streaks and a yellowish palate. Eye-bright.

Hab. Heaths and barren pastures. July. O “On the mountains of Scotland," says Sir J. E. SMITH, "there is a more slender variety, with smaller but more richly tinted blossoms." This we have found on our moors. The flowers are very pretty, purplish; and the crenatures of the leaves, in our specimens, are so obtuse, that they might with propriety be described as 5-lobed. They who are well seene in herbes" do much commend the E. as a precious medicine "to comfort the sight,”—hence, in MILTON, we have

-"Then purg'd with euphrasy and rue

The visual nerve, for he had much to see.”

And its fame rests not on any real efficacy, but because it has a spot on the corolla something like a pupil, a character which, according to the doctrine of Signatures, is certainly indicative of marvellous virtues.

186. MELAMPYRUM.

1. M. pratense, leaves lanceolate, floral ones toothed at the base; flowers axillary, in partly distant pairs, turned to one side; corolla four times as long as the calyx, closed, lower lip diCommon Cow-wheat.

rect.

Hab. Deans, not common.
ners. July. O

Ancroft dean, Mr J. Man

Stem 12--18 inches high, braucned, smooth, as well as the bright green leaves." Corolla pale at the base, deep yellow towards the summit, with a purple spot at each side of the mouth, which is closed, not gaping, the lower lip prominent and straight, not deflexed, palate elevated, orange-coloured.”—SM.

2. M. montanum, leaves linear, floral ones quite entire; flowers axillary, in partly distant pairs, turned to one side; corolla about twice as long as the calyx, closed, lip direct. (Nova species.)

Hab. On the south-east side of Cheviot, plentiful. June,
July. O

Stem 3 or 4 inches high, square, pubescent, branched;
branches opposite, simple. Cotyledon-leaves linear-obo-
vate, entire. Leaves narrow, long, linear, often twisted,
hairy all over, brownish-green. The floral leaves do not
differ from the others. Flowers in pairs, turned to one
side, on short stalks, pale yellow, with a white tube.

Calyx striped with green and reddish-brown; the segments setaceous, rough, shorter than the tube. Upper lip of the corolla villose internally; lower lip straight, in 3 acute short segments, slightly projecting; the palate raised, orange. Anthers green and brown, pubescent, on smooth filaments. The flower is generally unspotted, but sometimes there are 4 small obscure spots on the lower lip, placed distantly, and not on the mouth,

It is not without hesitation that I give this as a species distinct from the preceding, since the differences may be attributed to situation, for we know that an alpine station does alter the aspect of plants to a considerable extent. In estimating the force of this objection, we can only reason from what we observe to be the effect of a similar situation on plants of the same natural order. Now, the Rhinanthus Crista-Galli is a plant of this kind, and we find it growing with this Melampyrum undiminished in height, and unaltered in appearance. And, were the objection valid, we might expect the plant at the base of the hill to be much in its usual state, and gradually diverging from it as it attained higher limits; but this was not the case, for it was very uniform in character over a surface of many acres.

187. PEDICULARIS.

1. P. palustris, stem solitary, branched, 1 foot high; leaves all doubly pinnatifid; calyx ovate, hairy, ribbed, in 2 unequally notched lobes; flowers crimson. Marsh Louse-wort.

Hab. Marshes and boggy meadows, common. July. ?

2. P. sylvatica, stem several, spreading, simple; radical leaves ovate; calyx oblong, angular, smooth, in five unequal notched segments; flowers rose-coloured. Dwarf Lousewort.

Hab. Heaths, common. Longridge dean. Lamberton Moor, &c. A white flowered variety has repeatedly occurred to us. July.

188. ANTIRRHINUM.

1. A. Linaria, stem erect; leaves linear-lanceolate, crowded; spikes terminal; flowers imbricated, yellow with an orangecoloured palate; calyx smooth, shorter than the spur. Yellow Toadflax.

Hab. Borders of fields, and gravelly banks, frequent.
July, Aug.

2. A. minus, stem much branched, spreading; leaves lanceolate, obtuse, downy, mostly alternate; calyx longer than the spur; flowers small, purplish, the lower lip yellow. Least Snapdragon.

Hab. Sandy fields, very rare. Bank above the Union
Bridge, Durham, Dr Thompson. July.

189. SCROPHULARIA.

1. S. nodosa, smooth; root tuberous; stem sharp-edged; leaves heart-shaped, acute, serrated, 3-ribbed at the base; flowers dull green with a livid purple lip. Knotty-rooted Figwort.

Hab. Woods and hedges, frequent. About the mouth of the Whiteadder, Thomp. July.

190. DIGITALIS.

1. D. purpurea, downy; leaves ovate, crenate; flowers large, purple; segments of the calyx ovate, acute; corolla obtuse, its upper lobe scarcely cloven. Foxglove.

Hab. Gravelly or sandy pastures. Edrington Craigs,
Thomp. Rare in the immediate vicinity, but very
common about Houndwood and Renton Inns; and near
Wooler. July. ♂

The history of this plant might afford a practical answer to
such as sneer at the pursuits of the botanist, and are con-
tinually asking Cui bono? For it grew neglected, until
Dr WITHERING, a botanist, made known its virtues,
and gave to medicine one of its most valuable auxiliaries.
It is most beneficial in dropsical and inflammatory com-
plaints, and in diseases of the heart and of the lungs; but
great caution is required in its use.

CLASS XV.

TETRADYNAMIA.

"The spleen is seldom felt where Flora reigns."

COWPER.

Dr

"I have cured weak stomachs by engaging the persons in the study of Botany, and particularly in the investigation of our native plants.". CULLEN.

I. SILICULOSA.

* Cotyledons accumbent.

191. DRABA. Pouch entire, laterally compressed, valves nearly flat; seeds numerous.

198. CRAMBE. Pouch globose, stalked, coriaceous, of 1 cell, without valves, deciduous; seed solitary.

197. CAKILE. Pouch angular, of 2 joints, each of 1 cell, without valves, the uppermost deciduous; seed solitary.

195. COCHLEARIA. Pouch nearly entire, turgid, rugged, of 2 valves; steds numerous.

194. THLASPI. Pouch cloven, inversely heart-shaped, the valves with a bordered keel; seeds numerous.