2. C. hispida, furrowed; whorled branches tapering, with internal partitions; bracteas whorled; prickles on the stem bristly, deflexed. Prickly Chara.

Hab. Lough in Holy Island. July, Aug. O

Mr THOMPSON says, that the Chara flexilis grows abundantly at the "mouth of the rivulet at Goswick," but we could never find there any other than C. vulgaris less incrusted than usual.

II. DIGYNIA.

4. CALLITRICHE.

1. C. verna, leaves triple-ribbed, the uppermost crowded, obovate; margin of the seeds obtuse. Vernal Water-starwort.

Hab. Ditches and ponds common. May. O

The upper leaves are crowded into a star-like form, and float on the surface; but sometimes all the leaves are linear, distant and immersed, a state in which it approaches C. au tumnalis. It produces seed most profusely when left dry.

2. C. autumnalis, leaves linear, abrupt, single-ribbed, uniform; margin of the seeds membranous. Autumnal Water-starwort.

Hab. Pools of water in the Vale below Langleyford, with the preceding. June-October. O

Grows in a very bushy or cespitose manner. Stems slender, branched. Leaves very narrow, perfectly linear, emarginate at the point, cellular. The upper ones become crowded as they rise to the surface, and somewhat ovate, but, even under a high magnifier, they are all single-ribbed, and notched at the apex.

I MONOGYNIA.

inters inferior, monopeialous, regular.

Corolla four cleft; berry with 4 seeds.

6. FRAXINTS. Camilla none, or deeply four-cleft; capsule compressed, with 1 or 2 seeds; some flowers without stamens.

** Flowers inferior, monopetalous, irregular, with seed-vessels. & VERONICA. Cerala wheel-shaped, deeply four-cleft; capsule of 2 cells. (Herbaceous; leaves opposite; flowers alternate, mostly blue.)

9. PINGUICULA. Corolla ringent, spurred; capsule of 1 cell; calyx five-cleft. (Marsh herbs. Leaves and flower-stalks radical, simple.)

10. ÚTRICULARIA Corolla ringent, spurred; capsule of 1 cell; calyx of 2 leaves. (Aquatic herbs. Leaves finely divided, bearin gbladders.)

*** Flowers inferior, monopetalous, irregular, with naked seeds. 12. SALVIA. Corolla ringent; stamens with a lateral stalk. (Stem square; flowers in whorled spikes.)

**** Flowers superior (racemose.)

1

7. CIRCEA. Corolla of 2 petals; calyx in 2 segments; capsule of 2 cells; seeds solitary.

***Flowers apetalous.

11. LEMNA. Corolla none; calyx of 1 leaf; capsule with 1 seed. (A simple frond floating on water, with a central root of one or more fibres, each tipped with a cylindrical cap.)

II. DIGYNIA.

13. ANTHOXANTHUM. Calyx glume of 2 valves, one-flowered; corolla glume of 2 valves, awned; seed 1. (A grass.)

I. MONOGYNIA.

5. LIGUSTRUM.

1. L. vulgare, leaves elliptic-lanceolate, obtuse, with a small point; flowers in dense panicles, white; berries black. Privet.

Hab. Hedges occasionally, and, according to Mr WINCH, indigenous on the magnesian limestone in the county of Durham. July.

Makes a neat hedge in garders, for which this shrub is peculiarly well fitted; since, as RAY observes, "inter omnes frutices, arbores et herbas nihil est quod in tot figuras et elegantias, effingi, flecti, aut formari tōndendo queat ac Ligustrum."

6. FRAXINUS.

1. F. excelsior, leaves pinnate, leaflets serrated; flowers without calyx or corolla. Common Ash.

Hab. Woods and hedges. May.

A fine tree "far stretching his umbrageous arm," and remarkable for the manner in which the lower branches curve up at their extremities. When growing near water, it sometimes hangs down its boughs like the weeping-willow. No tree is so often met with in ruins and upon ancient

walls probably on account of the readiness with which its winged seeds (the culverkeys of our pastoral poets) are borne by the wind. It insinuates its roots far into the crevices of these old buildings, and thereby becomes an instrument of the destruction of what affords it support. In like manner it fastens upon loose slaty rocks, and decorates them with its verdure. It is one of the latest trees in coming into leaf, and loses its leaves early in autumn. These are greedily eaten by cattle; and it ought not to be planted in parks or lawns intended for the pasture of milch cows, for they communicate a disagreeable taste to the butter. The wood is tough and valuable, being applicable to a great variety of purposes; and it possesses the very singular property of being in perfection even in infancy,-a pole three inches in diameter being as valuable and durable, for any purpose to which it can be applied, as the timber of the largest tree.

7. CIRCEA.

1. C. lutetiana, stem erect; leaves ovate, slightly toothed, opaque and downy; clusters one or more, of many small white or reddish flowers. Common Enchanter's-nightshade.

Hab. Moist shady woods or hedges. Near the Carding-mill at Wooler, Dr J. Thompson. Wooded banks below Langleyford. July.

*

8. VERONICA.

Spikes terminal. Root perennial.

1. V. serpyllifolia, cluster terminal, somewhat spiked; flowers pale blue or white, with dark streaks; leaves ovate, slightly crenate, three-ribbed, smooth; capsule inversely heart-shaped, shorter than the style. Smooth Speedwell.

Hab. Pastures and road sides, particularly on a clay soil, common. May, June.

** Clusters or spikes lateral. Root perennial,

2. V. Beccabunga, leaves elliptical, flat, obtuse; stem creeping, smooth; flowers blue.

Brooklime.

Hab. Ditches and water-courses, common.

June July.

3. V. Anagallis, clusters opposite, flowers light blue; leaves lanceolate, serrated, acute; stem erect, smooth. Water Speed

well.

Hab. Ditches, frequent. July.

We have gathered specimens upwards of two feet in height, with leaves five inches long and an inch in breadth; while others do not exceed two inches, and have leaves proportionally short and narrow.

4. V. scutellata, clusters alternate, flowers pale flesh-colour, streaked; fruit-stalks reflexed; leaves linear, slightly indented; stem slender. Marsh Speedwell.

Hab. Bogs and sides of ditches, rare, "Below Calf-hill plentiful," Thomp. Near Mains, Berwickshire, Rev. A. Baird. July, August.

5. V. officinalis, flowers light blue, streaked, their stalks shorter than the bracteas; stigma capitate; leaves elliptical, serrated; stem procumbent; plant rough with short hairs. Common Speed

well.

Hab. Dry banks, heaths and pastures, common. May, June. In Sweden, an infusion of the leaves is much used in place of tea; but it is a sorry substitute, notwithstanding that an old Danish botanist has contended for its being the identical tea of China.

6. V. Chamadrys, stem diffuse, with a hairy line at each side; leaves ovate, sessile, rugged, deeply serrated; calyx four-cleft, lanceolate; flowers large, bright blue, very beautiful. Germander

Speedwell.

Hab. Meadows, pastures and hedges, common. May, June.

*** Flowers axillary, solitary. Root annual.

7. V. agrestis, stem spreading, branched; leaves ovate, deeply serrated, shorter than the flower-stalks; segments of the calyx ovate; flowers small, bright blue; seeds cupped. Field Speedwell.

Hab. Cultivated fields, very common. May-Sept.

8. V. arvensis, stem erect; leaves ovate, deeply serrated, the floral ones sessile, lanceolate, entire, longer than the flowerstalks; flowers small, light blue; seeds flat. Wall Speedwell.

Hab. On dikes capped with earth, and in dry fields, common. May.

9. V. hederifolia, stem procumbent; leaves heart-shaped, flat, five-lobed; segments of the calyx heart-shaped, acute; flowers