APPENDIX.

Accessions to the Colony since the date of the last Report, May, 1829.

The brig Liberia, chartered at the expense of the Pennsylvania Colonization Society, sailed from Norfolk on the 16th of January last, with FIFTY-EIGHT colored passengers, forty-nine of whom were liberated slaves. Two Swiss Missionaries, Messrs. Rudolf Dietschy and H. Graner, sailed in the Liberia; and also Dr. J. W. Anderson, assistant Agent and Physician to the Colony.

The brig Montgomery, chartered by the same Society, sailed from Norfolk in April, with SEVENTY-FIVE free colored emigrants. Of these more than fifty were liberated slaves. Thirty were emancipated by Joel Early, Esq. of Georgia. These emigrants, it is said, "are generally sober industrious farmers and laborers, many of them religious persons, and two respectable preachers of the Baptist and Methodist Churches.

About one hundred recaptured Africans, sent out from Florida at the expense of the United States arrived at Monrovia in March last.

The present population of the Colony, including the recaptured Africans, is probably not far from 1700.

OPINIONS OF THE COLONISTS.

The present state of the Colony, and the views and feelings of the Colonists, may be learned from the following extracts from letters which have recently been published in different parts of this country. Extract of a letter from Mr. John B. Russworm, to A. R. Plumley, Esq. first published in the Boston Recorder.

[Mr. Russworm is a colored man, a graduate of Bowdoin College in Maine, and late editor of "Freedom's Journal," in the city of New York. He is now editor of the "Liberia Herald," at Monrovia, the first number of which has recently been received in this country.]

Government House, Monrovia, Nov. 18, 1829.

MY DEAR SIR,-I embrace this opportunity by the departure of the Susan for the Leeward trade, to address you and a few other friends in the United States. We arrived here on the 12th inst., after the uncommonly long passage of 58 days, all in good health In the high latitudes we were becalmed during 12 days; and off the Cape De Verds, 10 days more; but I feel thankful to our Maker that we suffered for nothing. By Capt. Woodbury and his officers and crew I have been treated with the greatest politeness. Should you pass through Beverly, I beg you to call on him, as he has often been on the coast and can give you much information. At the invitation of Dr. Mechlin, I am staying at the Agency's House. I am not sorry that my feet now rest on "terra firma" and in the land of my fathers, believing as I do, that it is decreed by Him who reigns above, that the descendants of Africa now in America must return and assist in the great work of evangelizing and civilizing the land: the decree has gone forth, that " Ethiopia shall stretch forth her hands unto God;" and were you here one sabbath, you would believe that the commencement of the prophecy was taking place. Ah! it is so pleasing to behold men who formerly groaned under oppression, walking in all the dignity of human nature, feeling and acting like men who had some great interest at stake; but still more pleasant to behold them assembled in the house of worship, rendering thanksgiving and prayer to Him who ruleth the nations in this land of heathen gods, surrounded by millions of immortal beings who are immersed in the grossest superstition " with eyes that see not, and ears that hear not.”

I cannot describe what were my first sensations upon landing. The town contains double the number of houses one would expect, and I am informed of Caldwell and Millsborg, that each contains nearly as many. The Colonists here at Monrovia appear to be getting ahead fast; their principal dependence is trade with the natives, either in stores or factories established in the interior. The health of the Colony has been quite good; deaths but two, the last six months. The death of Dr. Randall has put a stop to all the public works. Dr. Mechlin is waiting for advice: it is his intention to put the press into operation, as he is now building an office. Of the five German missionaries only two remain on the coast; one is dead, two have returned to Europe, from whence they are expected daily with their wives and families. We have two religious societies which own meeting houses, Methodists and Baptists; the German missionary sometimes preaches in the Methodist church as they have none of their own; they both keep school; one here, the other at Caldwell; and are much esteemed by the settlers. The cause of education has not received that attention from all which it ought. In a new settlement have we a right to expect much, my dear sir? The majority of the settlers, being emigrants from the south of Maryland, have faint ideas of free schools. The Board of managers have pledged

their word that they would recommend the introduction of the free school system into the colony. But I believe they must do something more, as the colonists are hardly able to support a teacher. Mr. Shiphard from Richmond, who keeps the school here, complains ve. ry much that he has not received that support which was first promised him. He says he is almost discouraged. I have endeavored to encourage him, knowing from experience that of all men who labor in behalf of the public, teachers generally, receive poor pay. It is at best an unthankful office; and did not we look beyond the present hour, our hearts would faint within us. We want means to build an academy and to establish more schools. Shall the appeal be made in vain to New England, the land of schools? Shall we tell you that our children are perishing for lack of instruction? Shall the Macedonian cry come to your ears, and we be left to perish? I hope for better things. I hope some second Benezet will arise and go through the Union, pleading our cause: from the public feeling on this subject I know he will not plead in vain ; ah, sir, when I commence on this subject I know not where to stop.

Yesterday I attended an examination of Mr. S.'s school; there were about 30 pupils present; they appeared, I assure you, very well; his first class recited in grammar and geography, and acquitted themselves creditably; the under classes did the same. After an examination of three hours I came away much pleased. Mr. Shiphard formerly taught in Richmond, Va. He complained much for the want of room. He ought to be encouraged; he is a member of the Presbyterian church, formerly preached in R. He is quite intelligent in conversation. I believe an Infant school might easily be put into operation, had we the necessary apparatus, and teachers. But I think I could qualify teachers, by observation and reading Mr. Bacon's publications which I have on the subject. Could not a Ladies' Society be formed in Boston for this purpose? Three hundred dollars would handsomely support two females. Tobacco, rum, pipes, cloth, iron pots, powder, and shot, are considered the currency of the country; so that if I owe a man fifty dollars I can pay him, if a settler or foreigner, in camwood at sixty dollars per ton, or in ivory at fifty cents for small teeth, or eighty cents for large, per pound; unless there was at the time of bargaining an express agreement to the contrary. Nothing can be done without rum in trade with the natives; of all the rum which is brought to the colony not one tenth is consumed by the settlers. If they hold a palaver or council with the natives, they must have rum to treat them. If they establish a new factory, they must have rum or nothing can be done. The present number of settlers amounts to 1500, and the farming establishments on the St. Paul's are said to be in fine order.

Provisions are brought into the Cape by the recaptured Africans, who are settled a few miles from here on lands which they call New Georgia. They amount to about 400, and are easily known from the surrounding natives by their dress and their copying as much as they can after the settlers. The great change which has taken place in their condition every way, would be enough to convince the most

sceptical; it seems that transplantation has improved their natures much, for while the natives who have the same chance still adhere to their old customs, these are advancing daily in the arts of civilization. Some of them are even mechanics, and work in the settlement as such. By natives I mean those who have never been from the coast of Africa. The nearest inland trade is that of Boatswain's people, about 150 miles distant. He is the Napoleon of these wilds, and formerly wrought as a common Krooman, though not one in vessels on the coast. He has always been favorable to the Colony, and looks with contempt upon the neighboring petty chiefs and kings, all of whom I suppose pay him tribute. He holds a market every day in his chief town; settles all disputes among his people with costs of suit, after the manner of his more civilized brother; and examines into the quality and quantity of such articles as are brought in for trade. His people are more civilized than their neighbors; when they appear among us, they wear pantaloons with a large piece of cloth tastefully thrown over their bodies. A colonist at present trades in his chief town. Yesterday I was visited by two Mandingoes who wrote Arabic with great care. They are a shrewd people. They came for the purpose of bartering some native cloth. Our captain who was present was equally astonished with myself. I showed them a Greek book, which they desired me to read and they would read Arabic. One prayed for some minutes to give us some idea of their pronunciation; which sounded like that of your friend the Prince Abdhul Rahbahman. They subsist principally by practising upon the superstitious notions of the other natives. They sell their charms, which consist chiefly of a few Arabic characters, as things of great value. They are called the god people, and their priests, gods. A settler must be uncommonly shrewd, if he gets the better of one in a bargain. They always inquire for new comers, as being less acquainted with their ways. They have even been known to price things and afterwards to go in search of some colonist to go and purchase them for them. They know the wholesale [prices of things as well as the residents; and that gold and silver are worth a premium over the currency of the Colony. My health has been quite good as yet.

Letter from the Rev. George M. Erskine, to a gentleman in Richmond, first published in the Southern Religious Telegraph.

[Mr. Erskine is a native of Tennessee, a man of mature mind, of strong native sense, and of respectable attainments. He is a regular minister of the Presbyterian Church. He sailed in the Liberia.]

REV. AND DEAr Brother,

Caldwell, March 9, 1830.

We embarked on the 16th of Jan. 1830, and arrived at Monrovia February 28, after a pleasant voyage of 42 days. It was upon the whole a pleasant voyage-the emigrants are in number 58. No sickness worth naming except that of the sea, on the way, nor as yet. We are all yet together in a house prepared for the reception of emigrants, where we expect to remain till we pass the fever, should we

outlive it. There is a general satisfaction among the emigrants, they are pleased with their new country and present prospect; my own family have no desire to return. We were received by the agent and former em igrants with the strongest marks of friendship, and welcomed as citizens of Liberia. Our prospects of farms on which to live are inviting and flattering, being between Monrovia and Millsburg, on the bank of the St. Paul's. I presume the situation will be a healthy one-so soon as it becomes an open country, having a pleasant sea breeze from two directions. My dear sir, I believe this colony is a plant, planted by the great husbandman of the universe; to it he hath already proved a guardian-around it he hath erected his pavilion, and if the citizens only fear God and work righteousness and continue in union under a wholesome civil government and laws, from the flourishing state of the colony, there is reason to believe it will grow into a great empire. There is a large field for the labors of a gospel minister. If the Lord will, it will give me much pleasure, indeed, to labor in this part of his moral vineyard. But in this his will be done. My time in this country being short-it is but little I can say about it. This much I can say, my expectations in coming to it are already realized. Never did I feel so much like a freeman as I have since I came here. I would heartily recommend to every freeman of color to leave the United States for Liberia and to any one that wishes to do well, particularly those who have a little property. Was I in Virginia, and had $500, to lay out in Richmond, I could in a short time convert it into a fortune.

The thing most to be deplored in this colony is the want of a good school and an enlightened teacher for poor children whose parents cannot school them, for in this tropical country where there is an abundance of Gold, Ivory, Camwood, Coffee, and Sugar, Indigo, and many other lucrative fruits, we could have an enlightened Christian community. There is nothing to hinder it from rising to a level in point of eminence, wealth and power, among the most refined nations of the earth. There is no way in which those in America who feel friendly to this infant colony-can confer so great a favor on it as to establish a free school for the benefit of the poor children in it. This I hope you will influence them to do, there are many to whom I wish to write. Good morning, my friend, Your servant,

GEORGE M. ERKSINE.

Letter from Mr. Joseph Shiphard, to the pastor of the First Presbyterian Church in Richmond, Virginia; published in the Southern Religious Telegraph.

[Mr. Shiphard, says the editor of the Telegraph, "was a teacher for several years in this city, and is well known here as a respectable man, an intelligent and consistent professor of religion."]

Monrovia, March 8th, 1830.

MY DEAR PASTOR AND BROTHER IN CHRIST,

I have been absent, by order of the Governor, since the arrival of