for measuring land is twenty-two yards long and is divided into one hundred equal parts called links. The acre for land measure shall be measured horizontally and contain ten square chains, equivalent in area to a rectangle sixteen rods in length and ten in breadth; six hundred and forty acres being contained in a square mile. [Dom. Com. L. § 3, without change.] § 22. Units of weight.-The units or standards of weight from which all other weights shall be derived and ascertained, shall be the standard of avoirdupois and troy weights designated in this article. The avoirdupois pound bears to the troy pound the ratio of seven thousand to five thousand seven hundred and sixty, and is divided into sixteen equal parts called ounces. The hundred weight consists of one hundred avoirdupois pounds and twenty hundred weight are a ton. The troy ounce is equal to the twelfth part of a troy pound. [Dom. Com. L. § 4, § 23. Units of capacity.-The units or standards of measure of capacity for liquids from which all other measures shall be derived and ascertained shall be the standard gallon and its parts designated in this article. The barrel is equal to thirty-one and one-half gallons and two barrels are a hogshead. All other measures of capacity for liquids shall be derived from the liquid gallon by continual division by the number two, so as to make half gallons, quarts, pints, half pints and gills. The unit or standard measure of capacity for substances, not liquids, from which all other measures of such substances shall be derived and ascertained, is the standard half bushel mentioned in this article. The peck, half peck, quarter peck, quart and pint measures for measuring commodities which are not liquids shall be derived from the half bushel by successively dividing that measure by two. [Dom. Com. L. § 5, § 24. Heap measure. The measures of capacity for all commodities commonly sold by heap measure shall be the half bushel and its multiples and subdivisions. The measures used to measure such commodities shall be cylindrical, with plain and even bottom, and of the diameter of nineteen and one-half inches from outside to outside if a bushel; fifteen and one-half inches if a half bushel, and twelve and one-third inches if a peck. All commodities sold by heap measure shall be duly heaped up in the form of a cone, the outside of the measure to be the limit of the base of the cone, and the cone to be as high as the commodities will admit. [Dom. Com. L. § 6, § 25. Measure for bran.-The standard measure of capacity for bran and shorts shall be forty quarts to the bushel. The measure used for measuring such commodities shall be cylindrical, with a plain or even bottom, and it shall be thirteen and one-half inches in diameter in the clear at the top, and fifteen inches and one-half in diameter in the clear at the bottom and of sufficient depth to contain such number of quarts, when stricken with a round, straight stick or roller of uniform diameter. [Dom. Com. L. § 7, without change.] § 26. Number of pounds to the bushel.-Whenever any commodity specified in this section is sold by the bushel, and no special agreement is made by the parties as to the mode of measuring, the bushel shall consist of seventy pounds of lime or coarse salt; sixty pounds of wheat, peas, potatoes, clover-seed or beans; fifty-seven pounds of onions; fifty-six pounds of Indian corn, rye or fine salt; fifty-five pounds of flaxseed; fifty-four pounds of sweet potatoes; fifty pounds of corn meal, rye meal or carrots; forty-eight pounds of barley, apples or buckwheat; fortyfive pounds of herdsgrass, timothy seed or rough rice; forty-four pounds of Sea Island cotton seed; thirty-three pounds of dried. peaches; thirty-two pounds of oats; thirty pounds of upland cotton seed; twenty-five pounds of dried apples; twenty pounds of bran or shorts. [Dom. Com. L. § 8, § 27. Barrels of apples, quinces, pears and potatoes.-A barrel of pears, quinces or potatoes shall represent a quantity equal to one hundred quarts of grain or dry measure. A barrel of apples shall be of the following dimensions; head diameter, seventeen and one-eighth inches; length of stave, twenty-eight and one half inches; bulge not less than sixty-four inches outside measurement. Every person buying or selling apples, pears, quinces or potatoes in this state by the barrel, shall be understood as referring to the quantity or size of the barrel specified in this section, but when potatoes are sold by weight the quantity constituting a barrel shall be one hundred and seventy-four pounds. No person shall make, or cause to be made, barre's holding less than the quantity herein specified, knowing or having reason to believe that the same are to be used for the sale of apples, quinces, pears or potatoes, unless such barrel is plainly marked on the outside thereof with the words "short barrel" in letters of not less than one inch in height. No person in this state shall use barrels hereafter made for the sale of such articles of a size less than the size specified in this section. Every person violating any provi sion of this section shall forfeit to the people of the state the sum of five dollars for every barrel put up made or used in violation of such provision. [Dom. Com. L., § 9, without change.] § 28. Construction of contracts.—All contracts made within the state for work to be done, or for the sale or delivery of personal property, by weight or measure, shall be taken and construed according to the standards of weights and measures adopted in this article. [Dom. Com. L., § 10, without change.] $29. Duties of state superintendents of weights and measures. -The state superintendent of weights and measures shall take charge of the standards adopted by this article as the standards of the state; cause them to be kept in a fire-proof building belonging to the state, from which they shall not be removed, and take all other necessary precautions for their safe-keeping. He shall correct the standards of the several cities and counties and provide them with such standards, balances and other means of adjustment as may be necessary, and, as often as once in ten years, compare the same with those in his possession, and he shall have a general supervision of the weights and measures of the state. [Dom. Com. L., § 11, without change.] § 30. Copies of standard weights and measures.-The state shall have a complete set of copies of the original standards of weights and measures adopted by this article, which shall be used for adjusting county standards, and the original standards shall not be used except for the adjustment of this set of copies and for scientific purposes. The state superintendent of weights and measures shall see that the foregoing provisions of this section are complied with and procure such apparatus and fixtures, if the same have not already been procured, as are necessary in the comparison and adjustment of the county standards. He shall cause all the city and county standards to be impressed with the emblem of the United States, the letters "N. Y.," and such other device as he shall direct for the particular county. [Dom. Com. L., § 12, without change.] § 31. County sealer; duty of supervisors.-There shall be a county sealer of weights and measures in each county, who shall be appointed by the board of supervisors and hold office during the pleasure of such board. He shall take charge of and safely keep the county standards, provide the several towns with such standard weights, measures and balances, stamped with such de vices as the board of supervisors may direct, as may be wanting, and compare the town standards with those of the county as often as once in five years. In towns where there are no standards or no town sealer, he shall perform the duties of a town sealer. The board of supervisors of each county shall procure the proper standards for each town therein not provided therewith, and the expense thereof shall be paid by such town. [Dom. Com. L., § 13, without change.] § 32. Town sealer.-There shall be a town sealer of weights and measures in each town, to be appointed by the town board and hold office during its pleasure. He shall take charge of and safely keep the town standards and see that the weights, measures and all apparatus used in the town which are brought to him for that purpose, conform to the town standards. [Dom. Com. L., § 14, without change.] § 33. City sealer.-Where not otherwise provided by law, there shall be a city sealer of weights and measures to be appointed by the common council of each city, and hold office during the pleasure of said council. He shall perform in his city the duties of a town sealer in a town. Where it is provided by law that some other city officer shall perform the duties of a sealer, the provisions of this article shall apply to such officer, so far as the same are not inconsistent with the law under which he acts. [Dom. Com. L., § 15, without change.] § 34. Weights and measures to be sealed; fees.-Whenever the sealer of a city, county or town compares weights and measures and finds that they correspond or causes them to correspond with the standards in his possession, he shall seal and mark such weights and measures with the appropriate devices. Each sealer shall receive for his services the following fees: For sealing and marking every beam, ten cents. |