35. grandeur 43. consensus PENMANSHIP. All Grades. NOTE. This must be written with pen. Fifty credits should be given for answer, and fifty for the handwriting. 1. Describe the proper position for writing with reference to, (a) body, (b) arm, (c) hand and fingers. 2. (a) How often do you have a general exercise in penmanship? (b) Do you teach pupils to write the same hand as far as possible? Why? 3. Select three dissimilar capital letters and tell how you present them to a class in penmanship. 4. (a) Give some exercises in “movement" that you have found helpful in securing both legibility and speed. (b) How often do you use them and in what grades? 5. How can the study of penmanship as taught in schools be made of intel lectual benefit? PHYSICS. Second Grade. 1. Name the properties of matter. Define solid, fluid, gas. 2. Explain and illustrate the three classes of levers. 3. Explain how to find the specific gravity of cork. 4. Give the general theory of sound. 5. Draw figure and explain the force pump. 6. Give the laws of evaporation. 7. Draw figure and explain action of plane mirror on light. 8. Define focus, virtual image, conjugate foci. 9. State several simple experiments to show opposite electrifications. What is the theory? 10. What is meant by "charging" a body? Define electrical field, induction, resistance. PHYSIOLOGY. Second Grade. 1. (a) What is the composition of air? (b) How is air purified? 2. (a) Describe a nerve. (b) What are the Haversian canals? 3. (a) Describe and locate hinge joints, ball and socket joints, pivot joints. (b) What are "blackheads'? 4. (a) Show how aleohol produces kidney diseases, and how sugar and sweets act in the same way. (b) How does the system throw off poisons? 5. (a) What is the ordinary temperature of the body? (b) Show how heat is distributed in the body. 6. Discuss bacteria-how they enter the body, and how they are destroyed. 7. Explain the healing of a cut. 8. (a) Describe the larynx. (b) How is the pitch of the voice changed? 9. Discuss the relative value of cotton, wool, silk, and fur for clothing for summer and winter. 10. How many teeth has an adult? Name them and state the purpose of each. Third Grade. Both CLASSES. 1. Define anatomy, physiology, hygiene, organ, cell, system. 2. Name the different fluids in the body and tell what each does. 3. (a) What is the tympanum? (b) What is the cause of "shortness of breath"? 4. (a) What is food ? Its composition? (b) What is a ptomaine, an antitoxin, an emulsion? 5. (a) What is the effect of a cold bath? (b) What is the effect of a hot bath? 6. (a) Why is the fur on an animal's head, neck, and feet not so thick as on the other parts of the body? (b) How is air purified ? 7. (a) Describe the skin, derma, epidermis, subcutaneous tissue, and coloring matter. (b) What changes occur in the epidermis in the case of a callous spot? A corn? 8. (a) How many bones in the body? (b) Name and locate five. 9. (a) What are the sebaceous glands and of what use are they? (b) What causes freckles? 10. Make a drawing of the head and brain and locate and name the following: The three principal parts of the brain, the centers of hearing, sight, smell, speech, and motion. READING. All Grades. "To a Skylark." 1. (a) What is a lyric poem? (b) What is the rhyme scheme and meter of this poem? 2. Give a brief sketch of the life of the author. Name two of his other works. 3. (a) Why does the author address the bird as a spirit? (b) What is the central thought of the whole poem? 4. With what persons and creatures does the author compare the skylark? Are these visible or not, and why? 5. What are the meanings of the following words: aërial, chaun vernal, joyance, hymenaal? 6-7. Paraphrase the following stanzas: ety, All the earth and air With thy voice is loud, From one lonely cloud Teach me half the gladness That thy brain must know, From my lips would flow, 8. Quote one stanza not given here. 9-10. Explain the following stanzas: Yet if we could scorn Hate and pride and fear, Not to shed a tear, Keen as are the arrows Of that silver sphere, In the white dawn clear, SCHOOL LAW. All Grades. Answer any five. 1. Who is the legal librarian in a school district, in a township? 2. Specify the differences between a primary school district and a graded school district. 3. Give the procedure in organizing a township district. 4. Name the several kinds of teacher's certificates granted in Michigan and the authority granting each. 5. Why must a teacher hold a certificate covering at least the period of her contract? 6. Give the duties of the teacher in connection with the enforcement of the truancy law. 7. Give ten duties of a school director. 8. Give the substance of five amendments made in the school law by the legislature of 1907. THEORY AND ART. All Grades. 1. Describe fully a "study lesson," a "recitation lesson.” 2. Name five "good things” you have seen teachers do. 3. What books have you read to your pupils during the past year? If you have not taught, tell what books you will read to pupils during the coming year. State why in each case. 4. Show how you connect the subjects of division, fractions, and percentage in your teaching. 5. How do you seek to secure the interest of your pupils in teaching read ing, arithmetic, language? 6. What is the relation of clear ideas to the will? 7. Why should a teacher be a director of the games and sports of the children as well as director of studies? 8. What is your idea of the proper results to be secured in teaching history, civics, writing? 9. Name five proper school incentives. 10. Name the representative faculties of the mind. UNITED STATES HISTORY. Second Grade. 1. What were the Intolerable Acts of 1774? 2. What was the political significance of Shay's Rebellion? 3. Give the terms of the treaty which settled the Revolution. 4. (a) When, where, and by whom was the first national anti-slavery party formed? (b) What were the Lincoln-Douglas debates? 5. What were the causes and results of the Mexican War? 6. What can you say of America's naval power in the War of 1812? 7. (a) What was accomplished by the First Continental Congress? When was it held? (b) How many continental congresses were held? 8. What is meant by the Reconstruction Period? Why so called ? 9. (a) What were the causes of the Spanish-American War? (b) Why was it that the war was carried over into the Philippines? 10. (a) Why is the battle of Gettysburg called a decisive battle? (b) What was the purpose of Sherman's march to the sea? Third Grade. Both CLASSES. 1. Name the thirteen original colonies. 2. What was the first permanent colony within the limits of the present United States? The second? The third? By whom was each made? 3. What were the effects of the American discoveries upon France? England? Spain? 4. (a) Compare the policies of the French and the English in their treat ment of the colonists. (b) What conflicts ensued as the results of the territorial claims of these two nations? 5. What was the importance of the capture of forts Duquesne and Quebec in the French and Indian War? 6. Give a brief statement concerning each of the following: Roger Williams, John Harvard, King Philip, Braddock, Champlain. 7. Name ten early explorers, stating under what flag each travelled, and what part of America each visited or explored. 8. Give an acccount of the early settlement of Georgia. Of Rhode Island. 9. What was the West India Company? London Company? Plymouth Com pany? State the object of each. 10. (a) When, where, and by whom was the first settlement made in Michigan? (b) Mention three important events in Michigan history. EIGHTH GRADE EXAMINATION. Questions prepared by the Superintendent of Public Instruction for the regular examination, May 9—10, 1907. ARITHMETIC. 1. Express in words 1581, 5.05, .0083, 100.01. 2. Give illustration of a number that is a perfect cube, a compound number, an ab stract number. 3. Make a problem that can be solved by cancellation and solve it. 4. Make out a receipted bill of not less than five articles bought at a general store. NOTE.—Half the credit for correct form, capitals and punctuation; half the credit for correct computation. 5. What will it cost to fence 20 acres of land, the rectangular field being 80 rods long, at $2.50 per rod of fence? 6. What will four loads of hay cost, weighing with wagon 4,200 lbs., 3,980 lbs., 4,600 lbs., and 3,240 lbs., respectively, at $18 a ton; the empty wagon weighing 1,160 lbs. 7. Estimate or measure the size of the room in which you are writing this examination and find the number of square yards of plaster upon the walls and ceiling. 8. Give the following: 1 acre = ? sq. rods. 1 ton ? cwt. ? gals. 1 gill 1 bu. ? qts. 1 lb. 9. How much lumber will it take to cover the two gable ends of a barn 32 ft. wide hav ing rafters 22 ft. long, provided the rafters project 2 ft.? Note.-If pupils do not see the square root application in No. 9. the examiner may suggest it. 10. Show by a diagram the N. E. 1 of the N. E. } of sec. 16, and compute the value of the land at $50 an acre. 11. What is the interest on $240 for 3 years, 4 months, 15 days at 51 % per annum? 12. How many cubic feet in a cube 18 inches on the edge? 13. It costs $1.50 an acre to plow land, $0.75 an acre to fit it and plant it, and $0.60 for seed corn. It takes 1} days per acre to cultivate the corn at $1.75 per day for man and horse, 1 day to cut it at $1.50 per day, and 3 cents per bushel to husk and crib it. The crop averages 90 baskets of ears of corn per acre and sells for 24 cents per basket in the crib. How much does a man make or lose on 20 acres of corn? sq. rod 1 qr. ? oz. ? qt. ? pwt. SOLVE THE REMAINING PROBLEMS BY ANALYSIS. 14. I lb. of butter costs 18 cents, what will 24 lbs. cost? CIVIL GOVERNMENT. 1. What particular things has the study of civil government emphasized in your mind? 2. (a) What are the three great branches of government? (b) Who discharge the duties in each? 3. Explain the steps necessary to take in a township to build a town hall. |