THE GREAT PRUSSIAN.

The mighty monarch who raised Prussia in the estimation of Europe and gave her an importance unknown before, had a head large in the basilar region. The crown was not more than average in height, although the organs of Firmness and Self-Esteem were well developed. Caution was moderate, but Combativeness and Inhabitiveness were large. The perceptive organs were evidently all large, which, allied with his great Constructiveness, Comparison, shrewdness, and thoroughness, rendered him a man of unusual executiveness and practical talent. Language and Ideality were conspicuous, whence we see the mainsprings of his attempts at authorship. As an author he would be critical and analytical, showing fine powers of description and unusual clearness and force in statement. We should not expect to find his writings especially worthy of remark for depth and breadth of reasoning power. The organs of the lower sidehead are prominent, giving him tenacity of life and unusual powers of endurance. Taken altogether he is a character by

Frederic II., third king of Prussia, and usually known as Frederic the Great, was born in Berlin, January 24, 1712; died at Sans Souci, August 17, 1786. From childhood up to the age of twenty he experienced severe, even cruel treatment from his father. He was educated mainly by French refugees, and received but limited instruction from them. On the death of his father, in 1740, he ascended the throne. Scarcely had he settled himself in this position when he invaded Austria, being intent upon extending his dominions. This warlike measure, which gained for him Silesia, was the beginning of a general war in Europe, mainly directed against him. He fought successively the armies of France, Russia, Austria, Sax

himself, an acute observer, drawing his own inferences in a manner peculiarly his own. Frederic the Great was an orig. inal worker, conceiving schemes and personally reducing them to practice and astonishing the world by his performances, while Carlyle astonished the world by the novelty of his literary productions.

ony, and Bavaria, which countries were at one time allied to crush him, and after years of struggle the treaty of Hubertsburg left Frederic in the possession of Silesia. In the famous seven years' war, he in fact stood alone against continental Europe, and gained his title of the "Great." He was also an author, wrote both prose and verse, was very frugal in his expenditure, and while his nation enjoyed peace, energetically promoted internal improvement.

XL.

MISCELLANEOUS ADDENDA.

"Gather up the fragments that nothing be lost."-JOHN VI. 12.

RISTOTLE is described in ancient works as being slender in person, and having small eyes and a weak voice. Plutarch says that when young he had great hesitation in his speech. He was accustomed to dress richly, and to wear rings on his fingers. He wore no beard, and his hair was cut short. He had a large nose and strongly-marked features generally. We give his portrait as it has been handed down to us from ancient times. It is believed to be authentic. He had naturally a weak constitu

• Aristotle, perhaps one of the greatest scholars and philosophers of ancient times, was born 384 B.C., at Stagira, a Greek colony of Macedonia, whence his appellation of the "Stagirite." Both his father, Nichomachus, the private physician of King Amyntas, and his mother, Phæstis, seem to have belonged to the Macedonian nobility.-New Am. Cyclopedia.

AN IDEAL HEAD.

We must of course look at this picture as simply an imperfect embodiment of the artist's idea of a perfect head and face. He may have been no phrenologist or physiognomist in the common accept

ation of these terms, but he had no doubt observed that in all the noblest specimens of humanity-those who are both great and good-the forehead is amply developed, the coronal region grandly elevated, and the expression of the face full of thoughtful earnestness, benignity, and spirituality; and he has essayed to give

to his head of Christ all these characteristics in the highest degree, and to imbue the whole, so far as art is capable of doing it, with the spirit of divinity. Of course it falls far short of our highest conceptions of the incarnate Son of God, but it may be studied with profit as an approach to the perfect head. It is selected from thirty different portraits.

HEAD OF ST. PAUL.

There is at least a degree of probability that we have here a genuine likeness of the great Apostle of the Gentiles. Our engraving was made from a copy of a medallion said to have been found in the ruins of Herculaneum; and there is good