he national schools were for the training of only the retainers of the l families and "landed gentry" of the country, but to-day almost the re population of Japan can read and write. The speaker then proled to give some idea of the manner of educating the Japanese. He the Japanese language had a vast number of letters and at least three usand characters are taught the scholars in the schools. The scholar ors for years to learn to make these different characters, and it is only use he begins early that he is enabled to become familiar with them. necessary to begin the study of them young; grown-up people can er learn them all. It looks like an almost impossible task to learn make ten or twenty thousand characters, but this is the number ch many of the Japanese of learning are familiar with. Along with ning to write, the pupils are also taught to read, which consists in g over the letters and explaining them. The reason of this is because colloquial language differs very widely from the written language. pupils are also taught composition from their earliest education, and icular attention is paid to letter-writing. The books which the pupils from are those on history, geography, and morality. he pupils, after ten years' elementary study, are advanced to a classical artment, where the great Chinese classics and their philosophy is also bject of study, as well as the history of Japan and China. he opening exercises in the old schools consisted of a lecture to all the lars by a Chinese professor, upon some subject such as one of the ims of Confucius, which was used as a sort of text, from which a serwas preached. After this, the classes were divided up into sections, of which had one teacher, and the subject of the lecture was conred in detail. At twelve o'clock they were all dismissed into the ing-room, where more difficult studies were considered. At three ›ck the pupils were instructed in physical exercises. e speaker said it was not a perfect education, but it was sufficient at time. When the Japanese came in contact with foreigners a new d was opened to the mind, new wants were created. They found that ey were to compete with foreign nations they must learn their lanes and study their arts. Only two years after the treaty with Comɔre Perry a school of languages was established, and since 1859, when old government of the Tycoon was changed and new departments established, one was the department of education. e new department created at the time of the change in the governmade education open to all classes and established schools all over country, 8,000 having been added since 1859. There is a normal l in the city of Yedo, established like the normal schools in this try, from which the graduates are sent as teachers to different parts e country. Education is carried on in the language of the country. MURRAY then introduced the HON. FUJIMARO TANAKA, Vice-Minister struction in Japan, who briefly addressed the Association in Japanese h was translated by his interpreter. TRANSLATION. gives me much pleasure to be present at this meeting, and to hear 6 from eminent educators valuable addresses on the great an subject of education. Let me say in a word, that as far as I have observed, your e attained the highest point in the world. This, I have no do your earnest labors. It is not necessary for me to speak of our educational sys MURRAY has told you the rise and progress of Japanese educa the subject of newspapers in Japan. Newspapers in my opi great deal to do with the education of the people, for they a education, as it were. Up to 1865, we had no regular newspapers published, t papers in the modern sense, but in the same year, YANAGAW first started a paper called Chiu-Gai-Zashi," which may "Home and Abroad News." The people soon found out the importance of newspapers, means of learning passing events in the far West and East world, but also, as that of educating themselves, and inasmuc preciate the value of newspapers, their number has been in time to time. In 1873, ninety-seven different newspapers were published i that time less than ten years had elapsed from the first publi newspaper. In 1874, twenty-seven more, and in 1875, thi were added. We have now more than one hundred and fifty differe Japan, some of which, are, of course, published daily, some some monthly. Thus the people even in villages know som the affairs of the world. If there were no newspapers, as was the case with us abo ago, we should not know the condition even of our neighbori Happily, we have so many newspapers now-a-days that we ca the brethern and sisters are doing on this side of the Pacific we read to-day what occurred yesterday in Europe. Reall gift of newspapers. Senor Dorna, of the Argentine Confederation, chargé d'a United States, was introduced and briefly thanked the Associ The President announced the following Committee to co committees of Congress on the National Bureau:-Dr. C. K. Hon. J. H. SMART, Ind., Hon. J. P. WICKERSHAM, Pennsylva A. M. HENDERSON, Kentucky, Dr. W. T. HARRIS, Missou HAGAR, Massachusetts, Prof. B. MALLON, Georgia, Hon. S. M nois. On motion of E. E. White, of Indiana, President PHELPS V chairman of the Committee on Bureau. The Hon. Warren Johnson, of Maine, from the Committee of asked to be allowed to report next year, but was requested report for publication. It was moved that the gentlemen representing foreign gov requested to furnish copies of their remarks for publication. Adjourned to meet on board the boat at 8:30, p. m. WEDNESDAY EVENING. The Association was called to order on board the boat at half past 8 o'clock, President PHELPS in the chair. The President called on W. D. HENKLE for a speech. Mr. HENKLE responded that the Association was in Hebt, and needed five hundred dollars for the publication of its proceedngs. Through successive appeals he received the following pledges: ohn Hancock, Dayton, Ohio. LIFE-MEMBERS. V. D. Henkle, Salem, Ohio. Paid $20. 1. C. Stevens, Salem, Ohio. - Adolph Schmitz, Wooster, Ohio. lex. Forbes, Cleveland, Ohio. -. S. Thompson, Sandusky, Ohio. Paid $20. I. A. Newell, Baltimore, Md. arah E. Richmond, Baltimore, Md. . K. Nelson, Annapolis, Md. 7. A. Bell, Indianapolis, Ind. . E. White,* Lafayette, Ind. Marcellus Marshall, Glenville, W. Va. Paid $20. - C. Rounds, Farmington, Maine. 7. T. Harris, St. Louis, Mo. s. S. Rollins, Columbia, Mo. S. Laws, Columbia, Mo. P. Wickersham,* Harrisburgh, Pa. Paid $10. dward Brooks, Millersville, Pa. R. Malone, Dallas, Texas. len Armstrong, Sioux City, Iowa. D. Beals, Omaha, Neb. Paid $20. rs. M. A. Stone,* New Milford, Conn. Paid $10. mes Cruikshank,* Brooklyn, N. Y. Paid $10. Videla Dorna, New York, N. Y. Paid $20. SUBSCRIPTIONS for Volume of 1875, at $1 EACH. P. Wickersham, Harrisburgh, Pa.......... H. White, Peoria, Ill.............. B. Sloan, Pittsburgh, Pa., 401, Wood St......... ............ .5 copies, paid. J. H. Smart, Indianapolis, Ind...................... M. B. Sloan, Pittsburgh, Pa............................... Those names marked with an asterisk are of persons wh members on the old basis of a payment of ten dollars, and chosen to add ten dollars more and become life-members on th The tally was kept by the reporter of the Baltimore Sun. M White and W. F. Phelps pledge $90 to their former payments, come Life-Directors. On motion of W. T. HARRIS, of St. Louis, the paper of J. V the National University was continued to the next session of ation. S. H. WHITE, of Illinois, moved that the papers of the be placed in the hands of the printer within one month. E. E. WHITE, of Indiana, Chairman of the Committee on reported as follows: Resolved, That the National Bureau of Education establish gress in response to the petition of this Association, has mo the expectation of the teachers of the United States. Resolved, That the publications issued by the Bureau have mental in awakening a more general interest in the subject education. Resolved, That as a connecting link between the various S of public schools, the Bureau is exerting an influence appreci knowledged throughout the Union. Resolved, That no other department of the general governm ering the small amount appropriated for its support), has do for the best interests of society. Resolved, That all the teachers and friends of education in States should generously aid the Commissioner of Education, responding to all his calls for information, and by dissemina the people the information furnished by the Bureau over which Resolved, That the Committee on the National University, the last meeting of the Association, is hereby continued, with fill vacancies and add to its number. Resolved, That the officers of the Association are entitled to t dation of its members for the excellent programme and for t rangements, made for the success of the meeting. Resolved, That the thanks of the National Educational Ass hereby returned to the Governor of Maryland, and the May more, for the hearty welcome and greeting extended in the citizens of the State and City, and to the local committee for th arrangements made for the meetings of the Association and th ment of its members, and especially to the teachers of Baltimore for the delightful boat excursion with its sumptuous collation. Resolved, That next to liberty, education has been the great cause of the marvellous prosperity of the Republic in the first century of its history, and is the sure and only hope of its future. The highest concern and the grandest duty of the new century now opened, is the right education of every child born into American liberty. The report was accepted. On motion of J. H. SMART, of Indiana, the resolution of Maj. ROLLINS was adopted, and passed to the committee appointed to confer with the Bureau. It was moved that the especial thanks of the Association be tendered to the Press for their courtesy. Also that the especial thanks of the Association are due to the following committee on the boat ride and collation:Miss E. A. BEAR, Miss S. S. RESE, Miss SUSIE BALDWIN, Miss ADELINE KENNY, Miss ANNIE MCBEE, Prof. WM. ELLIOTT, JR., Prof. D. H. HOLLINGSHEAD, and Prof. GEO. DUBREUIL. The Minister of Education from the Argentine Confederation spoke as ollows: Mr. President, Ladies, and Gentlemen :— In the very remarkable speech delivered by the President of this Asociation we all heard words very complimentary to the Argentine Repubic, and to its last President, SENOR SARMIENTO. I thank you most sincerely n the name of my country for this expression of friendship, coming as it loes from a very distinguished American Educator, for our Argentine Edcator; for many Americans know that SENOR SARMIENTO has devoted all is life to educational matters. From the school-room, he was sent to this ountry as its Diplomatic Representative, the Argentine government beieving then as it now believes, that the secret of the happiness and greatess of the American people is closely connected with their system of eduation. When Senor Sarmiento was in this country a presidential election ook place in the Argentine Republic, and he was elected to the Presidency y the unanimous vote of fourteen States, which office he honorably filled uring six years, the duration of our presidential term. When he was President he apppointed as Minister of Public Instrucion, Dr. AVELLANEDA, a young man, 30 years of age, whom for his great alents and great achievements in behalf of education, the Argentine eople called, at the expiration of SENOR SARMIENTO's term, to the Presiency of the Republic. You see, Mr. President, that these are facts that rove conclusively that the Argentine people know where to find heir great benefactors, and what are the wants of a country ruled by Reublican institutions. The cause of education is a national one in the rgentine Republic-and we always ask our public men to show their bility in educational affairs in preference to any other of national in erest. As a proof that Republican institutions are written not only in our aws, but also in our hearts, I have the very great pleasure to inform ou, Mr. President, that your friend, SENOR SARMIENTO, after the expira |