residence of the late Princess Charlotte of Wales, only child of George IV, and first wife to the King of the Belgians, when Prince Leopold of Saxe Coburg. It has occasionally been used by the Queen for short periods of retirement from court life. The building stands on an eminence, in the midst of its own ample woods, and the prospects from the house and grounds are quite rural. There is scarcely a habitation visible for thirty or forty miles on the south and west sides: the neighboring village of Esher, at the northeast, is concealed by woods and swells in the ground. Here it was that Louis Phillippe breathed his last, and where his family now remain.

田田

Funeral of Louis Phillippe at Claremont.

"At eight o'clock in the morning of Monday, the 26th of August, Louis Phillippe, the ex-King of the French, expired at Claremont, in Surrey, where he had taken up his residence during his late exile in England. The declining health of this illustrious man had been well known to the public for some time. The week before he died it assumed the phase of an extreme debility, warning the medical attendants that the last scene was near. The ex-King was made aware of his approaching dissolution on the Sunday preceding his death: and with calm promptitude he immediately set his house in order. After a conversation with his wife, he dictated, with remarkable clearness, a conclusion to his memoirs, the composition of which his illness had for some months compelled him to suspend. His chaplain was then summoned, and in the presence of his wife, his children, and grandchildren, he received the last rites of the Romish Church. Towards seven in the evening, the weakness which he suffered was displaced by fever; but it did not disturb the composure of his mind. At eight the following morning, the fever reached its height, and Louis Phillippe died; his last moments being consoled by the presence of his faithful consort and beloved children.

Previous to the obsequies of the funeral, the coffin, in which the remains of Louis Phillippe were deposited was placed in that portion of the picture gallery at Claremont which had been partitioned off, and fitted up as a chapel, where divine service was performed daily, and at which their Majesties and the royal family attended. This chapel was hung entirely with black cloth from the ceiling to the ground; in the center a dais of two steps had been placed, covered also with black cloth edged with silver, and on this the coffin containing the royal remains was placed; it was covered with a black velvet pall, edged with a deep silver fringe, and had a large cross

of silver lace in the center. The coffin was surrounded by twenty-two massive silver candlesticks, and on the altar there were twelve others, and the usual requisites for the performance of the Roman Catholic form of divine worship.

The outside coffin, which was of mahogany, covered with black cloth, had a massive silver plate upon the lid, with the following inscription:

"LOUIS PHILLIPPE, Roi des Français, Ne a Paris, 6th Octobre, 1773, Mort a Claremont (comte de Surrey, Angleterre), Le 26th Aout, 1850." And the royal arms of France engraved at the top.

The obsequies of the ex-King took place on Monday, the 2d of September, at halfpast eight o'clock in the morning, in the private chapel at Claremont, without any official solemnity. After the funeral service the procession set out for Weybridge, and accompanied the body on foot as far as the gate of the park; thence the princes and the persons attached to the royal family proceeded in mourning coaches to Weybridge Common, near the railroad station, where the cortege halted, and proceeded on foot to the Roman Catholic chapel of Miss Taylor, who, on a request being made to her to that effect, lost no time in placing the chapel at the disposal of the royal exiles of Claremont.

The mortal remains of Louis Phillippe are deposited for the present in the vault of this chapel, there to rest till the gates of France shall be thrown open to the Orleans family, and the princes shall have a right to accompany the ashes of their father to the royal chapel at Dreux, and to place them beside those of his race who already repose there. A low mass was celebrated before the coffin was lowered into its provisional asylum. None but the members of the family were present at this mass.

The monument in which the coffin is enclosed is an altar-tomb of simple design, covered with a large slab attached by the upper end to the wall, and supported at the foot by a pair of small columns. On the portion nearest to the wall are sculptured in relief the arms of the ex-King, surmounted by a royal crown, and beneath the escutcheon is engraved the following inscription:

IPSWICH, a borough town, in the county of Suffolk, is sixty-nine miles north-east from London, and has a population of about 25,000. It is built on the northern bank of the river Orwell, and when viewed in ascending the river, has somewhat the appearance of a crescent.

The streets are rather narrow and irregular, like those of most ancient towns, but they are all well paved and lighted. The houses are, many of them, handsome modern buildings; and the rest, though old, are substantial and commodious, and nearly all have gardens attached to them, which contribute greatly to the convenience of the inhabitants and the general healthiness of the place. At the corners of the streets are yet to be seen the remains of curious carved images, and many of the ancient houses are covered to profusion with this description of ornament.

Vessels of any

Ipswich is favorably situated for commerce. burthen may navigate the Orwell, to within three miles of the town, and vessels of nearly 200 tons to the town itself, where the port, though nearly dry at ebb tide, is converted into a magnificent sheet of water by every returning flood, which rises generally ten or twelve feet. The trade of the town is accordingly considerable, chiefly in the malting and exportation of corn, great quantities of wheat and other grain being annually shipped for the London markIt has also a considerable coasting, and a small share in the foreign trade. The coal trade is also considerable, large quantities being annually imported into the town. Vessels are constantly passing from Ipswich to Harwick.

et.

THOMAS CLARKSON.

THOMAS CLARKSON, the patriarch of the Anti-Slavery cause, was the son of Rev. W. Clarkson, master of the Grammar School at Wisbeach, and born March 26th, 1760. He was a graduate at St. John's, Cambridge. He took Deacon's orders, being originally intended for the Church, but he afterwards abandoned the intention. In 1785, Dr. Peckard, Vice-Chancellor of the University of Cambridge, announced, as a subject for a prize Latin Essay, the following question: "Is it right to make slaves of others against their will ?"

Desirous of sustaining the reputation he had acquired by his acquisition of the first prize for the Latin Dissertation of the year preceding, young Clarkson devoted himself so ardently to the composition, that it is known that for several nights he did not allow himself the customary relaxation of sleep, buining a light the whole night. On that occasion he collected and read every work on the subject, and became, in the end, imbued with the conviction that it was a public duty to devote every energy and faculty of his mind to the extinction of slavery. The persuasion haunted him, and gave his

Playford Hall, the Seat of Thomas Clarkson.

agitated spirits no more rest by day than his literary labor permitted to his corporeal system by night. The reading of his Essay, which took place in the Senate House, Cambridge, in June, 1786, was attended with the most brilliant success; and, almost immediately after the prize was awarded to him, he determined on a journey to London, for the purpose of publishing the Essay in a translated form. The seal of an "apostolical call"-and, indeed, the whole fervor of Clarkson's life bore an apostolic character-would seem to have been impressed on that celebrated journey; and he, himself, in his "History of Slavery," ascribes to it the origination of that sacred impulse which afterwards became the pole-star of his life, and which from that moment absorbed every faculty of his mind and heart. He says, in that work, that, as he was riding to London, "he dismounted from his horse when he came in sight of Wade's Mill, Hertfordshire. He seated himself disconsolately on the ground, and while immersed in painful reflections on the sufferings of the negro race, the thought flashed upon his mind that it was time for some one to undertake the task of putting a termination to the calamities described in his Essay."

The printing of his Essay, which was published by George Phillips, of George-yard, Lombard-street, in 1786, introduced young Clarkson to several members of the Society of Friends, and other philanthropists, principally connected with the "American Society of Friends," who had long sighed over the wrongs of the negro race, and yearned for their redress; and who subsequently formed the nucleus of the AntiSlavery Society. But the publication of the Essay led to a more valuable and efficacious connection, namely, an alliance with the celebrated William Wilberforce, whose attention was first called to the subject by Thomas Clarkson's communications. Attempts have been made to invest the statesman with the merit of priority of suggestion; but there cannot be a doubt that the deceased philanthropist of Wisbeach had been at least two years engaged in incipient measures for the suppression of the slave

trade before the attention of the former was called to its enormities; although the question had been agitated by Granville Sharpe, and others, previous to Clarkson's Essay. In consequence of the co-operation of these two eminent men, Mr. Wilberforce brought the subject into Parliament for the first time in 1787, while the distinguished subject of this memoir took upon himself to agitate the question out of doors; and, with this view, gave lectures, and got up meetings, at Manchester, Liverpool, Chester, Gloucester, Worcester, Bridgewater, and Bristol; directing the whole force of his great talents and single-minded zeal to win converts, vanquish prejudice, or rouse public indignation. Unsparing in self-devotion, and untiring in vigilance-scorning fatigue, and defying enmity-it was during this mission that his life was endangered at Liverpool, by a suborned and numerous band of ruffians, who intended to push him off the pier-head into the sea, and nearly effected their murderous purpose. It was on the same occasion that he says, "he corresponded with no less than four hundred individuals, and traveled 36,000 miles." Petitions were, in consequence of these active means, poured into Parliament; while successive motions against the slave-trade were made by Mr. Wilberforce.

The two leading men of the day, Pitt and Fox, who, in the first instance, held themselves aloof from a formidable contest with the slave-trade's profitable and powerful interests, were gradually won over; and, in 1788, Pitt became instrumental in bringing forward a general parliamentary discussion. The 7th of May, 1788, was the date of that splendid, celebrated, and important discussion, in which Fox and Burke, Pitt, Grey and Whitbread, took a conspicuous part in depicting and denouncing the atrocities of the slave-trade; and the generous and illustrious band of philanthropists in and out of doors, was shortly afterwards joined by Romilly, Mackintosh, and Buxton, Macauley, Stephen, and Allen. An investigation of the entire subject was instituted by the Privy Council; counsel were heard, witnesses examined, and a report was drawn up and published. The agitation and interest of the question caused the formation of a committee of gentlemen, who devoted themselves to the purpose of collecting and publishing evidence. With a view to this object, the labors of Thomas Clarkson were indefatigable; and it was at this period, (1789,) during the heat of the French Revolution, that he took the bold step-which few but men imbued with that moral grandeur of soul which constitutes genius would have ventured on-of going to Paris, to obtain the co-operation of the French Government. The Revolution was then in its most vehement state of agitation, and he was entreated by his friends to disguise his name. But this he refused to do, confiding in the rectitude of his cause, and resolving to go straight forward to his purpose. On this occasion he conferred with the unfortunate Louis XVI; was introduced to Petion, Brissot, the eloquent Vergniaud, (the Charles Fox of France,) and the "Societe des Amis des Noirs;" was warmly befriended by Neckar and Lafayette; was presented with the privilege of citizenship, and was publicly honored with a seat in the French Convention during the discussion that Mirabeau, at his instance, moved, and which resulted in the abolition of all slave-trade bounties, as a step to ulterior measures. His exertions, on his return to England, were resumed in aid of the legislative measures of Wilberforce, whose Bill for the Total Abolition of the slave-trade passed both Houses in 1801. But a long interval, during which slave dealing maintained an incessant struggle against the measure, ensued. At length, on the 25th of March, 1807, (being the closing act of the Fox and Grenville Administration,) the abolition of the slave-trade became the law of the land.

Thomas Clarkson's last appearance in public was at the "Anti-Slavery Convention" of 1840, of which the Duke of Sussex was the President; but his declining health preventing his continual attendance, he addressed a private letter to a distinguished Abolitionist, on the state of slavery throughout the world; from which we cannot deny ourselves the gratification of extracting the following remarkable passage:"As to myself, I was literally forced into the cause. I was thinking one morning, more seriously and solemnly than I had before thought, on the multitudinous sufferings of the unhappy people who are now the objects of your sympathy. The tragical scenes which occurred in their several situations, passed in horrible review before my mind; and my compassion for their sufferings was so intense, so overwhelming, that they actually overpowered me, and forced me into the resolution which I dared notwhich it was at my peril at that time to resist—the resolution of attempting their deliverance. Thus was I forced into the work. Much remains to be done; but take courage-be not dismayed-go on-my heart beats as warmly in this sacred cause now, in the eighty-first year of my age, as it did at the age of twenty-four, when I