scenes taken from the New Testament, and are called cartoons, because they were drawn or painted on sheets of paper. They were painted about the year 1520, and were bought for Charles I, by Reubens the painter. They are seven in number, and the tapestry made from them was manufactured at Arras, in France.

In the Portrait Gallery, there are nine paintings in water colors, representing the "Triumphs of Julius Cæsar," painted by Mantega, for the Marquis of Mantua. They were purchased with the rest of his works by Charles I, for £80,000. In the Queen's Grand Chamber, there are portraits of Sir Isaac Newton, and John Locke, by Sir G. Kneller. Their intellectual superiority is seen in their countenances. There is also in this room, a portrait of the celebrated Madame Pompadour, who is represented with her hair powdered. The Ante-room and the Queen's Presence Chamber, are almost entirely occupied by naval scenes, representing most of the naval battles which have occurred in English history.

The public gardens, in front of the palace, are of a superior o1der, and far more pleasing, to a lover of nature, than those of the Tuilleries or Versailles. There is more of the air of neatness about the grounds, the grass has more of the appearance of velvet than at those places; the flowers and shrubbery more beautiful. The trees have not that stiff artificial appearance; the walks wind gracefully around, and the grounds are not disfigured by the intrusion of discolored and decayed statues of heathen divinities, so prevalent in the above-named places.

A lope

Fac-simile.

ALEXANDER POPE.

ALEXANDER POPE was born June 8th, 1688, in the Strand, London, where his father was a hatter. He learned writing by imitating printed books, and at eight years of age he was placed under the care of a priest named Taverner, under whom he learned the rudiments of Latin and Greek. He next was sent to a Catholic school near Winchester, and then removed to a seminary near Hyde-park corner. At the age of twelve he went to live with his parents at Binfield, in Windsor forest, and first discovered his taste for poetry by reading Ogilby's Virgil and Sandy's Ovid; but the writings of Spenser, Waller and Dryden, now became his favorite employment. He early began to try his strength in poetry, and it is said that at the age of ten he converted some of the stories of Homer into a play, which his school-fellows acted with the assistance of his master's gardener, who undertook the part of Ajax. His first regular composition was his Ode on Solitude; but his Pastorals, begun in 1704, introduced him soon as a promising bard to the wits of the age. In 1704 he also wrote the first part of Windsor Forest, which was not completed till six years after, and inscribed to Lord Lansdown. The Essay on Criticism appeared in 1708, and in this most incomparable performance, though not yet twenty years old, he evinced all the taste, the genius, and judgment of the most mature reflection, and the most consummate knowledge of human nature. The fame of the Essay was soon surpassed by the Rape of the Lock, which was published in 1712. The poet chose for

[The above is a representation of the house of Pope's father, at Binfield, on the London road, adjoining Windsor Forest. Here the Poet passed his youth and early manhood, and at this place, and at Twickenham, on the Thames, he wrote those works which established his fame as one of the greatest poets in the English language. About half a mile from the house is a beech tree in the forest, where, it is said, he composed many of his verses. The celebrated Lord Littleton carved upon it "HERE POPE SUNG."]

his subject the sportive conduct of Lord Petre in cutting off a lock of Mrs. Fermor's hair; and he had the happiness, by the eloquent and delicate effusions of his muse, and the creative powers of his imagination, to effect a reconciliation between the offended parties. The Temple of Fame next engaged the public attention, and in 1713 he published proposals for a translation of Homer's Illiad by subscription. This was generously supported by the public, and the poet received from his subscribers £6,000 besides £1,200 which the bookseller, Lintot, gave him for the copy. Thus raised to independence by the efforts of his genius, Pope purchased a house at Twickenham, where he removed with his father and mother, 1715. In 1717 he published a collection of his poems, but in his edition of Shakspeare, which appeared in 1721, he proved to the world that he had consulted his private emolument more than his fame. The success with which the Illiad had been received, encouraged him to attempt the Odyssey, with the assistance of Broome and Fenton, whose labors he rewarded with £500, and he received the same honorable subscription as before, but only £600 from the bookseller. In 1725, he joined Swift and Arbuthnot in writing some miscellanies, and in 1727 he published his Dunciad, with notes by Swift, under the name of Scriblerus. This singular poem owed its origin to the severe and illiberal remarks to which the poet had been exposed from the inferior scribblers of the day, and after long exhibiting patience he revenged the attack by the keenest of satires. Lord Bolingbroke in 1729 entreated him to turn his thoughts to moral subjects, and this produced his Essay on Man, a work of acknowledged merit, containing a system of ethics in the Horatian way. In his ethic epistles, it is supposed that he reflected, in the character of Timon, on the Duke of Chandos; and this propensity was unfortunately indulged in his satires, which he continued till 1739, and in which he censures, in the severest language, persons of the highest rank and birth. In 1742 the poet gave to the world a fourth book of his Dunciad, and prepared a more perfect and comprehensive edition of his works; but death stopped his hand. His constitutional attack of the headache was now increased by a dropsy in the breast, which baffled all relief, and he expired 30th May, 1744, aged fifty-six. Though a catholic in religion, it is generally supposed that Pope was little more than a deist, as his Essay on Man fully justifies; yet in the latter part of his life, he attended the service of the English church. In his per

son he was little and somewhat crooked; but the powers of the mind compensated for all the defects of the body. He was capricious in his friendships; and though he was courted by men of rank and fashion, by lords Harcourt, Bolingbroke, and others distinguished for opulence, as well as celebrity and wit, yet he never forgot the homage which should be paid to the man of poetical eminence, and of acknowledged literary fame. His manners, as Lord Orrery has observed, were delicate, easy, and engaging; he treated his friends with a politeness that charmed, and a generosity that was much to his honor.

Pope's house, or villa, at Twickenham, was taken down in 1848 and another building erected on the spot where it stood, and almost every trace of his residence here, except some remains of the Grotto," has disappeared. The remains of the poet, with those of his parents, are interred in Twickenham church. On a tablet erected on the gallery wall, by Bishop Warburton, is the following:

"ALEXANDRO POPE, M. H. Gulielmus Episcopus, Glocestriensis, Amicitiæ, causa fac: cur: 1761, Poeta loquitur.-For one who would not be buried in Westminster Abbey.

Heroes and kings, your distance keep;

In peace let one poor poet sleep,
Who never flattered folks like you;
Let Horace blush and Virgil too."

It is said that on some occasion of alteration in the church, or burial of some person in the same spot, the coffin of the Poet was disinterred and opened to see the remains; and that, by a bribe to the sexton, possession of the skull was obtained for a night, and another skull returned in its place. Fifty pounds, it is stated, were paid to effect the object of the phrenologist in having the skull of Pope in his private museum.-The following composition, (The Universal Prayer,) it is said by Pope's biographers, to have been written to counteract some hetrodoxical opinions which are alleged to be contained in his Essay on Man.

THE populous village of Richmond, so celebrated for its beautiful scenery, is situated on the river Thames, about ten miles westerly from London, and contains a population of about 8,000. The original name of the place was Sheen, a Saxon word, signifying Resplendent. During the early period of its history, Richmond was distinguished as a royal residence. In the royal palace of Sheen, the kings Edward the First, Second, and Third, resided, and when the old palace was destroyed by fire, in 1499, it was rebuilt by Henry VII, in a sumptuous manner, and the name of the place changed to Richmond. Henry VIII was a frequent resident here, and the palace was, for a short time, the abode of Cardinal Wolsey after he had given away Hampton Court to his avaricious Queen Elizabeth died here, March 24th, 1603, and after

master.

her death the palace was rarely visited by royalty, and it gradually fell into decay. On the west side of Richmond Green, an old archway remains a lonely relic to indicate the favorite abode of the English sovereigns.

RICHMOND HILL is a spot consecrated by poets and historians. Standing on a plateau, or elevated level walk here, the spectator sees before him no less than seven counties: Middlesex, Surrey, Berkshire, Oxfordshire, Hampshire, Buckinghamshire, and Hertfordshire. Far as the eye can reach, the richest woodland scenery in England stretches out before him. It is thus described by Thomson in his poem on the "Seasons."

Here let us sweep

The boundless landscape-now the raptured eye,
Exulting, swift to huge AUGUSTA send;
Now to the sister hills that skirt her plain,
To lofty HARROW now, and now to where
Majestic WINDSOR lifts his princely brow,
In lovely contrast to this glorious view,
Calmly magnificent-then will we turn
To where the silver THAMES first rural grows,
There let the feasted eye unwearied stray
Luxurious, there rove through the pendent woods
That, nodding, hang o'er Harrington's retreat,
And stooping thence to HAM's embowering walks,
Here let us trace the matchless vale of THAMES,
Far winding, up to where the Muses haunt,
TO TWICK'NAM'S bowers, to royal HAMPTON'S pile,
TO CLAREMONT'S terraced height, and ESHER'S groves.
Enchanting vale! beyond whate'er the Muse
Has of Achaia or Hesperia sung.

O vale of bliss! O softly swelling hills
On which the power of cultivation lies,

And joys to see the wonders of his toil

Heavens! what a goodly prospect spreads around
Of hills, and dales, and woods, and lawns, and spires,
And glittering towers, and gilded streams, till all
The stretching landscape into smoke decays!

RICHMOND PARK, one of the fairest and stateliest in England, is eight miles in circumference, containing upwards of 2,200 acres. Here the visitor may wander for hours in the variegated scenes which it presents, and occasionally may have a glance at the stately deer which here roam at liberty.

There are numerous rides and drives through this splendid park which, since the days of the Commonwealth, when it was presented to the Mayor in perpetuity, on trust, by Cromwell, has long been a place of resort for the citizens of London. Charles I had previously enclosed it, and in the reign of George II, an attempt was again made to exclude the public by the Princess Amelia, his daughter; but a patriotic brewer of the place, name Lewis, successfully resisted the encroachment; a memorial to him was subsequently raised by the grateful inhabitants, and his portrait may be seen adorning the walls of most of the taverns in the town.