Isaac Shuster, five miles north of town Many foxes were enclosed, and the business of death and destruction was soon begun and ended. Ten foxes taken in the ring-twelve were taken, (as we are informed,) from under the barn on the ground, after the multitude had retired--three were caught under a hay stack, and three in an old log, and six or eight concealed themselves in a log pile. With those that were killed previous to the formation of the outer circle, it is supposed that the number killed and taken prisoners in the ranks of poor Reynard, was little short of forty.

KILLING A WOLF ON THE NEVA.

view says

MR. SKINNER,

[MARCH 28, 1828.

WELL-BORER.

shall also find ample supplies within our borders,
viz: in the vicinity of Poughkeepsie; on the Cayu-
ga lake near lake George, north of Ticonderoga,
about seven miles west of lake Champlain; and,
Sir-A native of Bamberg, (Germany,) assures
lastly, in the vicinity of the great river Sable, in me that a plan, similar to that of boring holes for
Essex county, about three miles south of the Rus-posts in this country, is adopted for digging wells in
sian iron works, and the rail-way and Hopkinton Germany; and, he adds, he has seen them at work
roads in contemplation.
by a horse-power. Should they be adapted to this
Samples have been exhibited from most, if not country, I should hope for their adoption. Bamberg
all those places, in this city, within a short time.is on the Rhine, not 300 miles from Rotterdam.
The last was publicly exhibited the week past, by The Consul for the United States, at that port,
Judge Finch, residing on the Sable, and living on would render a general service by obtaining infor-
Mr. Montgomery's land, of which he is the agent.mation on the subject. If the representation is cor-
This sample is adjudged even superior to the rect, Rotterdam is the ordinary channel for com-
merce up the Rhine, and thence any machine or
model, could be shipped to the United States.

The last number of the London Quarterly Re-Schuylkill coal, approaching the famous Kendal coal
in Ireland. A short time will settle the great ques-
tion, as the Judge returns this day with the inten-
tion of immediately transmitting supplies.
[Albany D. Adv.

"We remember, many years ago, two Englishmen fixing iron runners to a Russian sledge, with which, after rigging it with a mast and sail, they started upon the Neva, and darted along at the rate of twenty-two miles an hour. Having, in their progress, observed a wolf crossing on the ice, they steered directly towards it, and such was the veloci ty of the sledge, that it cut the animal in two. They had no doubt, that with a double quantity of canvass, they could have nearly doubled the velocity."

MISCELLANEOUS.

GEN. THOMAS PINKNEY.

[We suppose, says the New York Evening Post, that we commit no mistake in referring to Gen. THO MAS PINKNEY, the subjoined passage from the first number of the Southern Review.]

"Before and just after the revolution, many, perhaps it would be more accurate to say most, of our youth of opulent families, were educated at English schools and universities. There can be no doubt that their attainments in polite literature were very far superior to those of their cotemporaries at the north; and the standard of scholarship at Charleston, was consequently much higher than in any other city on the continent. We have still amongst us a venerable relic of that cultivated and heroic age, whom we may single out without an invidious distinction, and to whom we gladly avail ourselves of this opportunity to offer a tribute justly due to such a union, in one accomplished character, of the patriot, the gentleman and the scholar-of the loftiest virtue, exercised in all the important offices and trying conflicts of life, with whatever is most amia ble and winning in social habitudes, in polished manners, and an elegant taste. To add, that he is now crowning the honours of his useful and blameless life with a blessed and venerated old age, is only to say, that he has received the sure reward pure et eleganter actæ ætatis. But there is something melancholy in the reflection that the race of such men is passing away, and that our youth are now taught to form themselves upon other models. These im provements, with so many more, are beginning to spring up and blossom with great freshness and luxuriance about the favoured city of Boston, our western Florence, in which industry has been the willing tributary of letters and the arts, and which is, throughout all its institutions, its character, and its pursuits, one great monument of what commerce has done to civilize and adorn life."

COAL.

It has been aptly said, heretofore, that this glorious state of New York contains, or is susceptible of producing, all that can contribute to the comfort of man, except coal.

We rejoice, however, to be enabled to announce to our readers, that strong indications now exist in different directions, that in this essential article we

1826. 1824. 2.294.292 1825, 3.758,452

2,798.128 1827,2,948,956

190.730

119,676

1821.

1.870.150

1822.

3,175,994

1823,

2,094,212

2,351,269
1,979,200

105,316
122,487

134,948
121.194
88,487
150.019
68,696
64,999

TABLE OF DUTIES.

Cottons, unmanufactured Wool, Sail Duck,

Spirits, Molasses, Hemp and Bar Iron, for the years ending 30th of September, 1821-22-23-24-’25–’26–27.
A Statement, exhibiting the Duties which accrued on Manufactures of Wool and Carpeting,

An Irish counsellor being questioned

by a judge,

to know for whom he was concerned," replied as
follows: I am concerned, my lord, for the plaintiff,
but I am employed by the defendant.”

TO CLEANSE SILK AND OTHER GOODS.

Grate raw potatoes to a fine pulp in clean water, pass the liquid matter through a coarse sieve, into another vessel of water; let the mixture stand till the fine white particles of the potatoes are precipitated, then pour the mucilaginous liquor from the fecula, and preserve the liquor for use. The article to be cleaned, should then be laid upon a linen cloth on a table; and having provided a clean sponge, dip the sponge in the potato-liquor, and apply it to the article to be cleaned, till the dirt is perfectly separated, then wash it in clean water several times. Two middle-sized potatoes will be sufficient for a pint of water. The white fecula will answer the purpose of tapioca, and make an useful nourishing food with soup and milk, or serve to make starch and hair-powder. The coarse pulp, which does not pass the sieve, is of great use in cleaning worsted curtains, tapestry, carpets, or other coarse goods. The mucilaginous liquor will clean all sorts of silk, cotton, or woollen goods, without hurting or spoiling the colour. It is also useful in cleaning old paintings, or furniture that is soiled Dirty painted wainscots may be cleaned by wetting a sponge in the liquor, then dipping it in a little fine clean sand, and afterwards rubbing the wainscot with it.

TO STOP CRACKS IN GLASS VESSELS.

The cracks of glass vessels may be mended, by daubing them, with a suitable piece of linen, over with white of egg, strewing both over with finely powdered quickline, and instantly applying the linen closely and evenly.

THE FARMER.

BALTIMORE, FRIDAY, MARCH 28, 1828.

DORCHESTER COUNTY.

Amount of the number of Persons supported at the public expense in Dorchester county, for the years 1823-24-25-26-27.

four years, has been about twenty-four, which are
supported by the county; the average expense is
nearly $27 00. I think the increase is nearly in
proportion to the increase of population. The
number of poor in the year 1822, was twenty-two;
in 1826, it was twenty-eight; in 1827, they decreas- 1823,
ed to twenty-five. They are pretty nearly divided 1824,
between male and female, and some part are orphan
children. I know of but one coloured person now
on the list of pensioners.
I am, respectfully, your humble serv't,
AZA BEALL.

SIR,

white males. white females. col'd males. col'd fem's. total

12

10

4

5

31

15

14

4

2

35

20

1825,
1826,
1827,
Those are persons supported within the walls of
the alms-house-the average cost is $45 each.

There are few subjects more important to the agriculturists of the country, than the system for supporting that unfortunate portion of the human family, who are utterly destitute of the means of subsistence, and who, being rendered physically incapable of self-support, by reason of disease or natural deformity, must be sustained, through a wretched existence, by a tax upon the community SOMERSET COUNTY. at large. Few questions of political economy, can Princess inne, Feb. 28, 1828. be more interesting than the causes which have a tendency to increase this publick burden, and In reply to your letter of the 20th instant, I can common humanity dictates, that the best possi state that I have examined the books of the Trusble system should be devised for lessening the tees of the Poor with their clerk, for the last five number of paupers, and for meliorating the condi- years; as that was the only means of obtaining any tion of those whose horrible fate it is to have been satisfactory information on the subject of your inThe number of persons supported wholly, subjected to the condition of dependence on public quiries. charity. To an understanding of this subject, which or in part, by the public in Somerset county, aveconcerns every farmer of the state-to probe the rages 105 annually, for that time, (say the last five sources of the evil, and to mitigate its effects, it is years.) The sum annually levied for the use of the J. S. SKINNER, ESQ. Denton, Feb. 29th, 1828. first necessary to collect the facts connected with the poor varies-the average sum, however, is about Dear Sir,-The following table exhibits the numquestion; and with that view, we addressed, some $2600. This sum is applied to those persons who ber of the poor, their sex and colour, who have weeks since, in the most respectful terms, a circular are stationed in the poor-house and out-pensioners, been, and are, supported at the expense of Caroletter to the clerks of the several counties, who are, (i e. persons who are entirely or partially supported line county, for the last three years, and the averin all cases, we believe, except Baltimore county, the out of the above sum, and not resident in the poor-age cost of each individual per annum: clerks, also. of the Levy court, and as such, are sup house) I am unable to state, with any degree of White White Negro Negro Totals Average cost males females. males. females. posed to have in their possession, the returns of the accuracy, the number as to sex, but suppose that trustees of the poor in their respective counties. about two-thirds are females. As regards the inIn these letters, we requested simply to be favoured crease in proportion to the population of the coun- In 1825, with a statement of the number of paupers support-ty, I can safely say that the increase of paupers has In 1826, ed at the public expense, whether in, or "out doors" been greater than the population for the last thirty In 1827, pensioners, stating the number of male and female, years. The number of persons of colour annually, and coloured persons, and the average expense of each per annum to the county. It was not easy to foresee what views of the subject might grow out of the facts to be collected, and the modes in which such facts might be turned to the public benefit; but it was very easy to see, that the facts would, of| themselves, be curious and useful in the hands of the political economist and legislator. The infor mation to be thus derived, in regard to Maryland, and the commentaries and propositions that might result from it, would probably apply to many other states in the union, and uses might thus be made of it, of extensive bearing and influence, to justify the space it occupies, whilst the facts would teach a lesson of no trifling import, as to the operation of our institutions, and exhibit the actual condition of our population in an increasing point of view. We are happy to acknowledge, that many of the gentlemen referred to, have gratuitously answered the call with as much promptness as if it had been strictly within the letter of their duty, and we doubt not, that the remainder will, in the same spirit, when their leisure affords an opportunity. We respectfully reinvite their attention to the subject The difference of expense in some of the counties in this state, is striking; but we reserve, until we get in all the returns, the reflections to which they may give rise, remarking only, here, that the matter is not arranged, in its details, by any legislative act of the stale; it is governed by local regulations, being a county business, under the supervision of the Levy court. Hence the difference in the manner of providing for the poor, and the results as to the number and the expense in each county.

I would have enlarged this table with the number, sex and colour of the poor, supported at the expense of the county, from the year 1820, had I been able to collect sufficient data to make the statement any thing like correct. It is believed, that the population of the county, has decreased in a small degree, but I do not conceive, that the decrease would materially vary the proportion of pau

seven years.

On the receipt of your letter of the 20th ult. I applied to the Trustees of the Poor for the infor-pers to the population of this county for the last mation you require, and have this day received from them the enclosed statement, which I hope may answer your purpose.

If this statement should not be as comprehensive as you wish, I will very cheerfully endeavour to procure another, which may be more satisfactory. I shall be pleased, at all times, to aid you in your inquiries in this section of country, and am,

Very respectfully, your obed't serv't,

O. H. WILLIAMS. The poor, supported in the Washington county Alms-house for the last 6 years, have been (without any material increase or decrease,) 66 persons each year, of the following descriptions:

I believe the above statement is as nearly correct as it is possible to make it. With a tender of any vince to render you, future service, which it may be in my power or proI am, dear sir, Your very respectful

DEAR SIR,

Obedient servant,

JO. RICHARDSON.

TALBOT COUNTY.

Easton, March 8th, 1828. Since I last wrote you, I have obtained a view of the books and accounts kept by the trustees of the Alms-house in this county, and have found them to have been kept in such manner as not to exhibit the information you wish to obtain. At this time there are in the Alms-house, 42 paupers, viz.

Whites-men, 7-women, 12-boys, 6—girls. 2; 27. Blacks-men, 2-women, 8-boys, 3, girls, 2;

15-42.

From the best information I could obtain, it is supposed that the average number of paupers supported in the Alms-house, is 40; and taking the ex. penditures of the last five years, as reported to the Levy court as the data, the average cost of each pauper per year is $71.61, including the produce of the farm. The average of the last five years' levies on the county, for the support of the poor, is $2,469.76 per annum.

The proportion of paupers to the population of the county, cannot be ascertained.

Caroline
Talbot

71.61

10,041.
14,389

42

1 to 360
1 to 186

to 350
to 135
1 to 152
1 to 343

and miry ground with heavy loads. They, like rol | Georgetown, such as may be destined there, will be de-
lers, level their path without ever sinking at all. Wet livered at no greater expense than would have to be
as the fields have been during the last winter, the paid, if the same could be landed at that place. The
carters at Orange farm have been able, in virtue of expedition and certainty attending this mode of con-
these wheels, to continue their hauling of manure veyance, offer such inducements to merchants, as will,
it is hoped, ensure their patronage. For freight or
into them without any interruption or difficulty from passage, apply to the captain on board, or to
the miry condition of the ground.

These wheels cost 35 dollars and were made by *Of these, seventy-one are what are termed out-pen- Mr. Lynch, whose shop is about a mile from Baltisioners; that is, they reside where they please out of more, on the Havre de Grace turnpike road, oppothe alms-house, and have levied for them only five dol-site to Murray's tavern. They can be made to the lars each per annum. The same may, perhaps, be said of Somerset, and others. The other gentlemen, to whom applications have been made, will particularly oblige us by sending their replies as early as convenient.

The morning papers state, that on the first and second days, yesterday and the day before, of the books being opened, five thousand shares were taken in the Baltimore and Susquehanna Rail-road stock, and that no doubt is entertained, that the whole amount will be taken within the time allot

order of any person who may give him the dimen-
sions of the end of the axle-tree of his cart.

Amongst the various mediums which have been devised for facilitating the transportation of goods and passengers, the one advertised below is not the least remarkable.

CHARLES WORTHINGTON, Agent,
Lower end of Commerce street wharf.

EASTMAN'S MANUFACTORY OF AGRICULTURAL
IMPLEMENTS,

No. 36, Pratt street, Baltimore.

On hand, a supply of superior cast steel Axes-also, Mattocks and Grubbing Hoes of cast steel; also, improved A farm of 1700 acres, at the mouth of Elk-patent Cornshellers, that can be recommended, price river, for sale. Inquire at the office of the Ameri-$15. Also, Brown's vertical Wool Spinners, embracing can Farmer. every thing desirable in an implement of the kind for family use. Also, the subscriber's patent cylindrical Straw Cutters, which have never been equalled in any and facility, such as hay, corn stocks, cane tops, &c. &c. country for chaffing all kinds of long forage with ease the machinery permanent and not liable to get out of order; price of small size, including extra knives, $55; the second size, with extra knives, $61. Also, West's patent spring Washing Machines, can be highly recommended; price $15. Also, a complete assortment of Gideon Davis' highly improved Patent Ploughs, made of the best materials; Cultivators, Swingle Trees, double and single; Shovels and Spades, &c. &c. attention. All orders by mail, post paid, will receive prompt JONATHAN S. EASTMAN.

BALTIMORE PRICES CURRENT.

The distance between Baltimore and Alexandria, ted. "It is pleasing." says the Editor of the Chron-by land, must be not more than forty-five milesicle, always alive to the local interests of our city, the course by water not less than two hundred. "to witness the prevalence of a spirit of internal By land, there are many stages daily, and wagons improvement, which does not confine itself to a plying constantly-yet sailing packets continue to single subject, but embraces within its scope, every run from one point to the other. object calculated to advance the best interests of This steam-boat is, we hear, particularly adapted Baltimore. Now, that this feeling is fully excited, to carrying freight, and the passage money for travelthere is nothing to fear for the prosperity of our lers by her is the same as in the stage. It cannot fail, city, notwithstanding the jealousies, which, spring-that the steam-boat, whose time of arrival at each ing up in various directions, would deprive her of place respectively, may be calculated to an hour, Corrected for the American Farmer, by Edward I. Willson, the great advantages of her unrivalled situation." will supersede the wagons and sail-boats; and if so, Commission Merchant and Planters' Agent, It would be unavailing, if it were just, to depre- it goes far to shew that, when they come to be simNo. 4, Boroly's wharf. cate, on the part of other states and cities, that spi- plified in their structure, and to be built and work- TOBACCO.--Scrubs, $4.00 a 7.00-ordinary, 2.00 a 4.00 rit of rivalry or jealousy, that would aggrandize ed throughout with the utmost plainness and econo-red, 4.00 a 5.00-fine red, 5.00 a 6.00-wrapping, themselves at our expense. It is but another word for my, they will be employed as boats of transporta- 6.00 a 12.00-Ohio yellow and red, 4 00 a 7.00- yellow, self-interest-that universal principle, that leads tion for produce and market stuff, on all our water- 7.00 a 20.00-Virginia, 2.50 a 8.00-Rapahannock, 3.00 men and communities, all over the world, to prefer courses, as suggested by us last summer, in especial a 3.50-Kentucky, 3.00 a 6.00. Inspections last week, their own welfare and happiness to that of others. reference to the Eastern Shore of Maryland. 331 hhds. Maryland, 53 hhds. Ohio, and 7 hhds Virginia. Let us rather imitate the zeal which animates that Meetings ought to be called, associations formed, FLOUR-white wheat family, $6.00 a 6 25-superfine principle, and the sagacity which discovers the best and committees appointed, on all our rivers, to take Howard-st. 4.50 a 4.623; city mills, 4.50; Susquehanna, means of applying it with most effect, than decry the subject into consideration. We have reason to 80 a 84-best white wheat, .90 a.95-ordiny. to good, 4.25-CORN MEAL, bbl. 2.50-GRAIN, best red wheat the existence of an impulse, as deeply seated as suppose that a boat of six or eight horse-power, to .75 a .80--CORN, .33 a .34-KYE, 42 a 44-OATS, 21 a .23 carry fifty tons, and to be navigated by three or four-BEANS, .80 a 1.00-PEAS, .55 a .60-CLOVER seed, hands, drawing two feet water, might be bought 4.00 a 4.25-TIMOTHY, 2.50 a 3.00-BARLEY,.60 a .62— complete for two thousand five hundred, or three thousand dollars. We think ten years, and then talk as many more, and when improvements are forced upon us by their obvious convenience and necessity, we say why, I wonder we did not put this in operation before! How vastly useful and convenient it is!!!

the love of existence itself.

Let us make up our mind that Philadelphia, Wash ington, Richmond, &c. &c will take from us and appropriate to themselves all they can-forls if they did not--that is the only safe principle to set out upon, and all schemes of improvements based upon any other supposition, will be found to stand on a "sandy foundation." When this principle of selfaggrandizement is pushed to the degree of denying to us what they cannot use, then it degenerates into a despicable dog-in-the-manger policy, to be denounced by all liberal men. It is the narrow minded jealousy towards Baltimore, which too often manifests itself in the councils of our own state, that is wortoy of all censure. How can we, with any face, complain of other states and cities attempting to arrest the natural growth of our city, whilst the delegates of our own people, perpetrate towards us, the crying, shameful injustice of keeping our 70,000 inhabitants on a level, in point of political power, with 4000 in Calvert county, or 2000 in Annapolis, in ali deliberations and measures for the common good?

Mr. S. W. SMITH has just sent to his Spesutia farm, a pair of cart wheels, well worthy of the attention of all good husbandmen. The tread of each wheel is exactly eleven inches. The rim consists of three tiers of fellowes, duly secured by iron screw bolts, but without an iron band. Wheels of the same kind have for some time been used on the Orange farm. They are there considered as strong and as durable as any wheels whatever. They at all times run lighter and more easily than the common ones. But their principal recommendation is the peculiar facility with which they pass over soft

FLAXSEED, .75 a .80 COTTON, Virginia, .9 a .93-Louisiana, .10 a 13-Alabama, 9 a 12-Mississippi, .10 a 13-N. Carolina, .9 a.101-Georgia, .9 a .101-WHISKEY, in hhds 1st proof, .20-in barrels, 22-WOOL, common, unwashed, .15 a. 16-washed, .18 a.20-three quarter, 25 a 30-full do. .30 a 35-HEMP, Russia,

ton, $280-Country, dew-rotted, ton, 136 a 140-waterrotted, 170 a 190-FISH, Shad, Susquehanna, No. 1, bbl. WASHINGTON, ALEXANDRIA AND BALTI-600 a 6.50; do. do. trimmed, 6 50-Herrings, No. 1, bbl. 3.00 a 3.25; No. 2, 2.624-Mackerel, No. 1, 5.62; MORE STEAM-PACKET LINE. No. 2, 5 374, No. 3, 4.50-BACON, hams, Balt cured, .9; do. Eastern Shore, .124-hog round, cured, .6 a .7Feathers, .26 a .28-Plaster Paris, cargo price per ton, $3.25; ground, 1 25 per bbl.

The steam-boat FREDERICKSBURG, captain Benjamin
Jenkins, will leave here from the lower end of Com-
merce street wharf, every Saturday, at five o'clock,
P. M., precisely, passing up the Fotomac on Sunday.
Returning, will leave Washington every Wednesday
o'clock; passing down the Potomac on Wednesday, will
morning, at five o'clock, and Alexandria at seven
land, or receive passengers, going or coming, from any
of the following places, viz:

Sandy Point, Nangenoy Store-house, Ledlow's ferry,
Piney Point, on the Maryland, and at the mouth of
Quantico river, Dumfries, Boyd's hole, Bluff point,
river.
Lower Machoduc creek on the Virginia side of the

CONTENTS OF THIS NUMBER.

On water rotting Flax and Hemp, with the Italian to English-Extracts from Mr. White's letter to "Commethod of rotting Hemp-Flemish Husbandry superior mittee in Congress on the productiveness of FloridaAgricultural Society of South Carolina-Culture of Potatoes-Increase of sheep-Wood Chopping-Prince on Roses-On the Cultivation of Early Peas-Quickest method of procuring Grapes-To Cultivate Bee FlowersThe company have provided a good substantial slate-Situation of a Garden-Rail-road from Charleston to roofed warehouse, and will receive and pay freight on any goods from the eastward, or elsewhere, at any time during the week.

The excellent accommodation the boat affords, for passengers, whether ladies or gentlemen, her great speed, and the fine scenery of the country through which she passes, conduce to render travelling by her very pleasant.

Goods will be transported at the rates charged for their carriage in the sailing packets, and as the Potomac bridge presents an obstacle to the boat going to

the towns of Columbia, Camden and Hamburg, S. C— Vernal Ode-Belle in the Year 135-Marriage of Miss Lafitte to young Ney-- Miss Bread-Fox Hunting near Washington, and in Pennsylvania-Killing a Wolf on the Neva-Gen Thos. Pinkney--Coal-Table of DutiesWell Borer-Poetry, Tobacco-Rapid Vegetation-Recipes-Editorial, on Pauperism in Maryland—Prices.

Printed every Friday, at Five Dollars per annum, for JOHN S. SKINNER, Editor, by JOHN D. Tox, corner of St. Paul and Market-sts.

DEAR SIR,

AGRICULTURE.

SHEEP HUSBANDRY.

Ravensworth, March 25, 1828.

pared for them, in a pen containing about half an
acre of land.

As this business of folding is to be the great
source of improvement and profit on a sheep farm,
it ought to be managed with the greatest care. No
danger need be apprehended to the sheep either from
dogs or disease, provided cattle be always folded in
the same pen with them, and care be taken never to
them out before sun-rise. With a view to the rapid
put them up till after sun-set, and always to turn
and permanent improvement of the soil, I consider
the following the best possible mode of conducting
this part of the system.

I have thought it not impossible, that in the present depressed state of agriculture, the following estimate of the profits of a farm devoted exclusively to sheep, might be of service to some of your numerous readers. I am not, I think, mistaken, in supposing, that at the price at which corn and wheat now sell, they cannot be advantageously cultivated on lands yielding less than fifteen bushels of the When the first fold is sufficiently manured, (which former, and eight bushels of the latter per acre. will be in eight or ten days,) the pen should be reAnd yet how many thousands of acres, both in Vir-moved, the ground ploughed, harrowed, and sowed gioia and Maryland, are either thus employed at an down in oats, and ruta baga turnips; and the same expense very far exceeding their production, or are process be pursued with each succeeding fold, till abandoned as wholly unfit for any agricultural pur-the first of August; care being taken in the mean pose whatever! time to turn in all that portion of the land prepared My own experience has satisfied me that lands of for folding, on which the oats have ripened before this description, even of the poorest quality, may the folds have reached them. (if broken and tolerably well watered,) be advan On the 1st of August, the sheep should be dividtageously converted into sheep-walks; and by a jued into two flocks-one containing the breeding dicious course of husbandry, be made not only to produce a fair interest on the capital invested, but to furnish within themselves ample resources for their own renovation. To point out the means of accomplishing this desirable change is the object of the following estimate.

Very respectfully, yours, &c.

WM. H. FITZHUGH.

--

J. S. SKINNER, Esq.
Estimate for a Farm devoted exclusively to Sheep.
A farm, containing 1000 acres of land, under a
good fence, having a dwelling house and all neces
sary out houses, together with two milch cows, two
work horses, (or four oxen,) two breeding sows, one
thousand sheep, a light wagon, cart, gear, ploughs,
barrows, hoes, spades, axes, and all other necessary
utensils, may very readily be purchased in conve-
pient locations, either in Maryland or Virginia, for
$12,000; which if it yields only six per cent. on the
purchase money, or $720 nett per annum, would be
a more profitable and safe investment than can be
made in any stock in the U. States. But it is suscep-
tible of demonstration, that with tolerably judicious
management, it may be made to yield nearly double
that amount, and be itself annually improved in

value.

wes and stock wethers; the other consisting of the lambs and such old ewes and wethers as it may be the folds should be brought back to the ground first desirable to prepare for market. At this time too, pened and sowed in oats and turnips, which will now be covered with a fine growth, and be ready for a second penning. In performing this operation two pens must be employed for the two divisions of sheep; the lambs and the muttons being permitted to occupy each pen, in advance, about four days, and the main flock following for about the same tine.

Lands thus prepared will be brought to the highest possible state of fertility. Such as are penned before the first of September, may be sowed down is turnips, for the use of the sheep during the winter and spring; and the subsequent pennings of September, October, November and December, may be put in rye, wheat, kale, Hanover turnips, or any thing that vegetates quickly, for spring grazing. A piece of the poorest land on my farm, treated in this way, (except that wheat, as a crop, was substituted for turnips, oats, &c.) fattened me fifty of the best muttons I ever saw; yielded 22 bushels of wheat to the acre, and is at the end of three years, still covered with a fine coat of orchard grass.

grass land, a farther encroachment, to the extent of fifty acres, may be made on each of the grazing fields, and the same course of husbandry be pursued on them as on the first division.

The only permanent labourers requisite for such a farm as this, would be a man, his wife, and a boy old enough to plough. In shearing time and har vest, it might be necessary, perhaps, to employ additional labour.

The above system is adapted to the poorest description of high and broken lands in our country, and may be applied to a farm of any size, from two hundred to some thousand acres. I have now five farms, stocked with from two to five hundred sheep each, undergoing this process; and after an experience of many years, and even at the present low price of wool, I have no disposition to change my system.

The following I consider a fair estimate of the product, expenditure and profits, of a farm of 1000acres, thus cultivated.

From which deduct

For permanent and occasional labour, $200
For contingencies,

Nett profit,

200

400

$1200

W. H. F.

AGRICULTURAL SCHOOLS. Addressed to the editor of the New York Farmer, by Professor Eaton, of Troy.

We have now arrived at that period of the year The following is the system of management, in which the sheep are to be put into winter quarwhich, after long experience, I have no hesitation in ters. For this purpose, the fatted sheep ought to be sold off as soon as possible, the breeding ewes recommending. The farm and every thing appertaining to it, ex-put to themselves in one of the grazing fields, and Being ten per cent. on the original investment. I cept the sheep, being secured at the beginning of the rest of the flock in the other. Each parcel will only add that this amount night, of course, be the year, the first operation should be to throw it should be brought up at night into a small lot near very much increased, by improving the quality of into three divisions, viz: two fields for grazing, of the house, provided with uniform shelters, and there the wool. 350 acres each, and one of 300 acres, comprising fed, both night and morning, on hay, corn tops, the woodland, garden, house lots, and about 100 blades, or turnips. As the ewes begin to yean, acres of open land for cultivation and improvement. which ought to be in March, they should be sepaThis arrangement and the necessary fences may be rated, or permitted to run on the ground prepared completed during the freezing and wet weather of for them during the preceding fall; and their condiJanuary, February and March; while the dry and tion will be very much improved at this time by open weather of those months should be devoted to feeding them night and morning with oats in the ploughing and harrowing about 40 acres of arable straw, cut up to a proper degree of fineness. land; one half of which may be sown in oats, for a The operations of the next and every subsequent crop, by the end of March, and the other half year, will differ from the first only in this, that inplanted in corn between the 1st and 15th of April. stead of breaking up new ground for an oat crop, These operations being completed, there will be oats may always be put in the twenty acres of corn time enough before the corn requires cultivation, to land and the ten acres of manured land of the pre-he commenced. Students do not labour either on the plough, harrow, and sow down in oats, ten acres ceding year; and the last should always be sowed more of the arable land for the purpose of improve-down at the same time in orchard grass and clover. ment, by folding the sheep and cattle in them dur-Ten acres of highly improved grass land would ing the summer and fail; after which, the chief oc- thus be added every year to the resources of the cupation of the hands till harvest, will be the culti-farm, until at length its quantity would probably vation of the corn and attention to the sheep, which justify the introduction of a few choice brood mares, ought to be purchased and brought on the farm as as another source of profit, on the farm. early in May as possible, and together with the cat When the hundred acres first reserved for cult-rials. the labouring plan of education, and that I do the be folded every night on the oat grounds pre-vation, shall, by this process, be converted into not believe that it ever did, or ever will succeed. No. 3.-VOL. 10.

Sir.-I hope you will admit one correspondent, who may occasionally express his dissent, or at least his doubts, in some cases, where the whole world seems to be hurried on in the same direction, as if by an irresistible torrent. Every one admires the Hoffwyl school, established by Fellenberg. Few, however, know that Fellenberg himself has totally abandoned, in practice, the plan with which farms, or in the work shops; excepting a hired set, merely to keep up the appearance of labour. Of this, have received assurances, which I cannot question. I presume there are at least one dozen persons in the city of New York, who will convince ou that I am not misinformed; and I venture to dd this statement, that I have tested, by numerous

I

the committee and the Harrisburg convention respectively, I proceed to show how much a mechanic or must pay for a suit of clothes, should the proposi- On the two highest a difference of $24 or 114 pr. et. tion of the latter prevail, over what he will pay in By the above statement it appears, that a mecase the bill, reported by the committee of the chanic, who buys a suit of clothes, of imported present Congress, and now under discussion, pre-cloth, costing seventy-five cents per square yard,