CROPS IN VIRGINIA. EXTRACT TO THE EDITOR-DATED Nelson, Va., Nov. 7, 1828. "We have got through the summer and fall thus far, without rain enough at any one time to wet the ground, until within a few days past. The crops of corn do not exceed the half of an average crop. The tobacco crop is still worse, as it was very much curtailed in the beginning from a scarcity of plants; then was unable to ripen from excessive drought; and, finally, much was cut in October, prematurely, to save it from frost. "Our pastures were almost destitute of verdure. The clover fields had a deep brown appearance through the summer. A grass, capable of bearing severe drought and grazing, is an important desideratum with us. We hope to find it in the Dactylis glomerata, or cock's-foot, which some of us are cultivating; and for which, should we not be disappointed, we may thank the American Farmer. Yours, HORTICULTURE. T. M." has produced fruit of very great size the present terwards. RURAL ECONOMY. (From the New England Farmer.) Many farmers in the United States get from four to ten dollars per barrel, but the majority do not get two. The latter should buy one or two barrels of their neighbours, and keep it to treat their friends. They should continue this practice until they are able to make such as will bring at least three dollars per barrel. How TO CONSTRUCT AN ICE HOUSE TO KEEP ICE Sir-Observing in a late number of your paper, The general process is understood, but attention an inquiry for the most approved plan of keeping to two or three particulars may greatly increase the Ice in low and damp situations, where the humidity of the earth will not admit of excavation so as to liquor. Use water freely in making every thing sweet place it beneath the surface, I send you the followand clean before you begin, but very sparingly af-ing, which you will publish if it is considered worthy a place in your useful paper. Build a pen of logs Put your apples, after being gathered, for a few of such dimensions as to contain the cubic volume days in a dry place, exposed to the sun. which is required. Another pen three feet larger Let your casks be perfectly sweet. than the former every way is to be erected: when See that the straw used be clean and bright.-the inner pen is filled with ice, and well rammed, Throw all the rotten, or rotting apples to your pigs. fill between the inner and outer pen with wheat, Keep the several sorts of the apples separate; if rye, or oat straw, which is to be well trodden in; the ground together the cider will not be so good. pen holding the ice to be overlaid with poles, to preWhen the liquor has undergone sufficient fermen-vent the straw from sinking as the ice is removed, tation to throw off the impure matter in it, and while or sinks by melting: the whole then to be covered it is yet sweet take a clean cask, put in it a bucket with straw, and brought to a point as a common of cider, set fire to a clean rag that has been dipped stack. I have known Ice kept in this way throughout in brimstone, let it burn inside the cask so as to fill the summer; and in the country where straw is it with the fumes of the brimstone, shake the cask abundant, and of but little use, it is a cheap mode of well, then fill and bung it tight. making an Ice House. Yours, &c. A SUBSCRIBER. Sir, I perceive by foreign publications, that the tea shrub has been naturalized to Java, and from this circumstance, and that of some very large plantations being now under successful culture in This mode is highly recommended to preserve Brazil, it may be reasonably inferred that the Chi-the cider sweet, while it will yet be pure. The crab nese monopoly will cease at no very distant period. apple should be more extensively cultivated for Situated, as we are, with climates so suitable as cider. Liquor, delicious as wine, may be made those of Florida, of lower Louisiana, Georgia and from it. the Sea Islands, is it not astonishing that the attention of our citizens of the South has not been pointedly drawn to its extensive culture. The coffee, pepper, cinnamon, nutmeg, clove, &c. are very tender, and impatient of any cold; but, unlike them, both the green and bohea tea shrubs are comparatively very hardy plants. They will bear the winters of England unprotected, and I presume also those of North Carolina. Both of the species are beautiful evergreens, of easy culture, and produce abundance of white, showy flowers, about the size of a half dollar. I have recently, by way of experiment, engrafted them on the Camellia, or Japan rose, and have now the two growing together by this process. Cider. To improve the flavour of a hogshead, take one gallon of French brandy, half an ounce of cochineal, a pound of alum, and three pounds of sugar candy; beat the latter articles well together, and steep them two days in brandy; pour the whole into the cider, and stop it close six months. LADIES' DEPARTMENT. FEMALE EDUCATION. 1. By the term education, we understand a systematic course of instruction, calculated to form an early habit of attention, and to direct curiosity to things which are essentially useful; taking the latter Various methods have been recommended for im-term in its widest acceptation, as embracing all proving the quality of cider; the addition of other knowledge, connected with the interest and happiingredients, filtration through sand, or coal at the ness of the individual, and of that society of which press, boiling, pressing and racking. However ben- she is to form a part. eficial any one or all of the above may be, yet to have good cider, great care must be taken in making it. Let the unripe and rotten apples be picked out and given to the hogs. Let the press, tubs, barrels and hogsheads be well cleansed and freed from acids. Let the straw be bright, having no rust nor mould, and the little water that may be used, soft and clear. 2. We lay it down as a principle, that this, as other things intrinsically valuable, is obtained by the simplest means. The mode of instruction should, in all cases, be adapted to the capacity of the individual receiving it. And to effect this, the most practical plan should be adopted, for awakening the curiosity, improving the memory, and exercising the tender reasoning powers of the child. I notice that a gentleman of your vicinity has the past season had the Riband Sugar cane to make great growths. I have also a number of plants of it, which have thrown up shoots of great vigour, and I agree with a writer in one of your papers, that the time may arrive when its culture 3. While we propose to ourselves a system, we will be extended much farther north than hereto- After the apples are converted into fine pomace, must take care that this does not interfere with what fore; and as we are continually making new disco- it should be suffered to remain until it undergoes we owe to the different capacities of pupils, taken veries of the riches of the vegetable kingdom, we the proper fermentation. The time that this will individually; their previous advantages, powers of may, perhaps, hereafter discover some species require is from twenty to seventy-two hours, de-apprehension, reasoning, &c. We are not, therewhich will even support the rigour of our northern pending on the state of the weather. The greater fore, to adhere to an a priori theory, but take our winters. The Aracacha, used as a substitute for the warmth the quicker will be the fermentation. indications empirically from the nature of the case. the potato in Colombia, and relative to the uses of The colour of the pomace before it is put on the 4. We are decidedly opposed to that mode of inwhich you published a copious dissertation some press should be similar to that of a ripe cherry. struction, which gives a precocious developement time since, has flourished remarkably in my garden In order that the farmer may be convinced that to the memory at the expense of the judgment; the present season, and I have at least fifty plants the pomace should remain sometime before it is and conceive that to be the only efficient plan, which of the white and the green varieties. The original pressed, let him mash a few apples, and force out makes an equal demand upon the memory and unpotato, obtained by Dr. Mitchell from Chili, has the juice immediately. He will see that it is nearly derstanding. The pupil is to have no sinking fund also flourished and increased abundantly, and as colourless as water. Let him again mash a few of knowledge, but should be made to render an have near a bushel now from six potatoes received quite fine, and let them in that state be exposed to usurious interest for every idea which is acquired. in the spring of 1827. I noticed that the stalks the air for twenty-four hours, and pressing out the We are aware of the trite and common-place rewere of a purplish colour, and that they throw up juice he will find it a rich cider colour. If the ex-mark, as it regards the imbecility of the mind of a shoots at least three feet from where the main ones periment is carried further by putting the juices child; but provided the thinking powers be not are; their roots must consequently extend more into bottles, and permitting them to undergo the overtasked, we know no reason why habits of rewidely under ground. The Wilmot-strawberry, usual fermentation, he will be still more convinced flection should not be inculcated, even in the child. mentioned in your paper last year as so desirable of the impropriety of pressing out the juice imme- Every day's experience wil convince us, that the an acquisition, is now in successful culture here, and diately after the apples are ground. why and the wherefore, which proceed from lisping nfancy, must originate in a thinking principle; and early habits of reflection invigorate the faculty which they have a tendency to expand. SPORTING OLIO. There must be a challenge to intellectual skill, in placed over a lamp, while the beak is introduced in- 5. Care must be taken to avoid every thing like a technical, unvaried arrangement, which produces upon the mind the same effect, that monotonous sounds do upon the animal spirits, and tend to lull the judgment asleep. The thrice-told tale may proceed mechanically from the speaker, and all who have reflected upon this subject, must be aware that there is a kind of scholastic ritual, which may be termed the language of the lips, equally deceiving to teacher and pupil. Routine, therefore, where it injures the process of thinking, should, at times, be suspended. On this occasion the mind receives a concussion which is salutary. The rule may be repeated, and well repeated, without the scholar's annexing any ideas to it; but the reason of the rule is what, on all occasions, should be required. The mind of the scholar must, also, occasionally, be made to take a few steps backward, in order to * spring more effectually forward. The subject matter of the present lesson cannot be well understood, if the part has not been well digested. It is, there-into a mere mannerist.‡ fore, absolutely requisite, that the teacher have recourse to frequent repetition, judiciously varied; nothing fixes the fact so permanently. The mind must not be suffered passively to grope its way from one lesson to another, only intent upon the present, and never reverting to the past. The teacher must be satisfied, by frequent examinations, that the scholar has retained what she has gone over, and has formed some system in her mind, from her past readings. Without this, the scholar may have gone "through and through her book," and not retain a vestige of what she has studied. 8. It will constitute a primary object of the Institute to form such a subdivision, in the order of studies, that there will be a gradation from the simplest elementary branches to the higher departments of letters. In order to effect this, mere subordination is insufficient; a subordinate class must, as it respects the instruction imparted, be immediately preparatory to that in advance of it. The translation of a scholar into a higher class, must be but a single step in an ascending series. PEDIGREE OF SPECULATOR WANTED. MR. SKINNER: Sparta, Tenn. Oct. 31, 1828. Dear Sir-I am desirous to obtain the pedigree of the imported Horse Speculator, and have taken the liberty of asking the information through your valuable Journal, hoping that some one of your numerous readers may be in possession of the pedigree, and will do me the favour of sending it to you for publication. Respectfully yours, A SUBSCRIBER. ARCHIBALD. Sir-The imported horse Archibald was got by Walnut, his dam by Javelin, (a son of Eclipse.) He stood at the Vitteto Spring, in Edgefield district, at $25 the season, as advertised by W. Smalley, March, 1813. Your ob'dt servant, Nov. 14, 1828. F. 9. The teacher and pupil must understand each other.-The faculties of the former must bend and We are to bear in mind, too, that facts are the mould themselves to those of the latter. It is not materials of knowledge, or rather that these consti- the extent of the lesson, but the understanding of ENGLISH SPORTS. tute knowledge; we should, therefore, direct our at-it, which is the material point. A few lines well CANINE FANCY.-The Bitch Fury, which beat tention to things, holding words as mere indices. understood, will furnish a more nourishing and in- the London Bitch Nettle, at Birmingham, so clev6. In instruction, the simplest principles which vigorating aliment to the mind, than a whole vo- erly, can be backed against any bitch in the world can be arrived at, must constitute our data. That lume dealt out by avoirdupois weight. Overcome the of 19 lbs. weight, from one to five hundred pounds. one added to one makes two, is the basis of all nu-vis inertia of a sluggish, dull intellect, in this way, A few of her pups may be had at 21. each, on apmerical rules. We, therefore, proceed from that and you have done every thing. On this occasion, plication to the Black Horse, Cashell-street, Birwhich we know, to that which we do not know; the teacher is not to despair, if he do not at once mingham. The Birmingham backers of the Bitch precisely as in ascending a ladder, we grasp with succeed; the fulcrum is to be applied again and Nettle have been seriously affected with the nettleour hands those rounds, upon which, in a few mo- again. If after much labour on his part, he be un-rash. ments, we are to rest our feet. The mistake of successful, it ought to awaken him to suspect the A dog, weighing forty pounds, from the country, most teachers, as well as of most elementary works, efficacy of the means which he adopts. Perhaps can be backed against any dog of the same weight intended for instruction, is-that the youthful tyro by attending to the peculiar habits and modes of in London, for from 51. to 20l. to fight at Roache's must go along with them; whereas, on the contrary, thinking of his pupil, he may succeed better, by Pit. The money will be forth-coming at any place they are to go along with the pupil pas a pas. Their adopting a different course. There is nothing eso-appointed. victories are all done upon paper, not in the field, terical in all this: the teacher must love his profes- A Match for 10l. a-side, between the Clapham Instead of drawing one circumvallation after another sion, and apply all the energies of his mind to the dog Boxer, and the brindle dog Boxer, will be fought -taking the mind by regular approaches, and af- advancement of the objects, which ought to be pe-at the New Inn yard Pit, Tottenham court-road, terwards keeping up the line of communication. culiarly his. on Tuesday evening next. they are for gaining possession of it by a coup de main. But to accomplish the former, it is requisite to adapt our ideas and language to those of the child; to enter intimately into her habits of thinking and apprehending, and to endeavour to trace those associations, which the infant mind weaves at the most tender age. The pupil and teacher must speak one language, in order that instruction may be successfully imparted and received. Neither is the latter to go in advance of the former, their pilgrimage must be together; and so far from aspiring to reach the summit by a few vigorous efforts, they must be content to measure their joint progress, by looking back to the level from which they have ascended. It is thus, under the benignant and humanizing care of the teacher, that the head and heart of the pupil receive that direction, which influences the individual in after life. EAU DE COLOGNE. Dr. Granville, in his recent book on Russia, gives the following recipe for making Eau de Cologne, which was written when he was at Cologne. A CHALLENGE TO ALL THE WORLD.-A 221 lb dog from 5l. aside to 201; a 261 lbs. dog for 21. aside; Dog can be matched to fight for 5l. aside; a 24 lb. a 28 lb. dog for 51. or 10l. aside; a 30 lbs. dog for "Take of the essence of bergamot, lemon-peel; 36 lbs. one eyed dog for 3.1, 5l. 104. or 201. aside, on 5l. 10l., or 20l. aside; a 33 lbs. dog for 3l. or 5l. aside; lavender, and orange flower, of each one ounce, application to Mr. Gardner, Barley Mow, Long essence of cinnamon, half an ounce; spirit of rose-Lane, West Smithfield; or Mr. Roache's Pit, West mary, and of the spiritous water of melissa, of street. each fifteen ounces; strong alcohol, seven pints and a half. Mix the whole together, and let the mixture stand for the space of a fortnight; after which introduce it into a glass retort, the body of which is immersed into boiling water, contained in a vessel * We cannot but question the truth of this assertion. A pure enthusiasm springs from the constitution of the 7. The business of teaching does not consist in mind itself, from the nature of the subject contemplated, memorizing the text, or in giving technically the or the interesting manner in which it is presented. Emanswers to a few questions, appended to the text-ulous feeling, kindled to "enthusiasm," we should dread book. This intellectual tire et carte in a few weeks as a very injurious influence on character.-Ed. A. Jour. becomes so easy, That every whipster has his trade by heart. Is this a proper motive in a course of education TROTTING MATCH.-A match was made by Mr. Smithson, Wakefield, to trot a pony, 14 hands high, twenty-eight miles in two hours, which was accomplished on Wednesday, three minutes within the given time, for twenty pounds. The distance was performed on the road between Wakefield and Thorne. COURSING EXTRAORDINARY.-A few days since, three grey-hounds belonging to a Worcestershire gentleman, killed twelve hares, five rabbits, and seven pheasants! They appeared quite fresh after the day's sport, and looked wistfully for another run. WONDERFUL LEAP.-A leap unparalleled, we believe, in the annals of horse history, has been accomplished in this neighbourhood. On Friday week, as Mr. Brown, of Nuneaton Colltery, was returning in a gig from Coventry, about seven o'clock in the evening, his horse took fright, and running away, leaped at Cotton Toll Gate, which is about seven feet high, when, singular to relate, the animal fully cleared the gate, and bringing the gig after him, and in contact with the upper bars of the gate, which were broken, the gig, with two persons in it, passed over undamaged! Mr. Brown and another gentleman were in the vehicle at the time, and though flung out with great violence, also escaped without any serious injury. [Coventry Observer. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. Abstract of the laws which govern the Race Course in Great Britain, as extracted from a late Liverpool paper: Horses take their ages from May day, i. e. a horse foaled any time in the year 1823, is one year old on the first of May, 1824. Four inches are a hand; fourteen pounds a stone; two hundred and forty yards a distance. Oath weights are, each to appoint a party to ride without weighing. Feather weight signifies the same. Give and take plates are weights for inches; fourteen hands to carry a stated weight, all above to carry extra, or be allowed the proportion of 7 lb. to an inch. A Whim Plate is a weight for age and a weight for inches. A Past Match is to insert the ages of the horses in the articles, and to run any horse of that age without declaring till you come to the post to start. Hand cap weights are weights according to the supposed abilities of the horses. Plates or shoes are not allowed in the weight. a The horse that has his head at the ending post first wins the heat. Riders must ride their horses back to the winning post to weigh; and he that dismounts before, or wants weight, is distanced. If rider fall from his horse, and the horse be ridden in by a person of sufficient weight, he will take place the same as if it had not happened, provided he goes back to the place where the rider fell. Horses not entitled to start without producing a proper certificate of their age, if required; except where aged horses are included, in which case a ju. nior horse may start without a certificate, provided he carry the same weight as an aged horse. the horse, the field is what starts against him; but local features would admit, that perennial springs At Newmarket, if a bet be made for any parti- All double bets are considered as play or pay. TABLE Of the temperature of springs and wells in the vi cinity of, and including SANDY SPRING, Montgo mery county, Maryland, nearly on the meridian of Washington, and N. lat. 3997.-taken Nov. 6th and 7th, 1828. Mean temperature of the atmosphere, 484° Fahrenheit. do. 55 Sandy Spring, on the farm of Edward Stabler, 58° Spring No. 2, on do. Edward Stabler's well, Wm. Henry Stabler's well, James P. Stabler's well, Wm. Thomas' well, No. 1, Do. do. No. 2, not turning back, are distanced. Horses distanced Caleb Bentley's spring, Horses running on the wrong side of a post, and Bernard Gilpin's well, if the riders cross or jostle. Horses that forfeit Edward Porter's spring, made on any horses winning any number of plates are beaten horses, where it runs or pays. Bets Roger Brooke's well, Do. that year, remain in force till the first day of May. Money given to have a bet laid, not returned if not Hannah Briggs' well, run. All matches, bets and engagements are void on the decease of either party before determined. An untried stallion or mare, is one whose produce had not started in public at the time of closing the engagement. In estimating winnings, it is the practice to consider the clear sum gained only, and consequently to exempt the winner's stakes. A winner of sweepstakes of 20 guineas each (three subscribers,) is, therefore, not disqualified from running for a fifty pound plate, expressed to be for horses never won a plate, match, or sweepstake of that value. METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS. MR. J. S. SKINNER, Do. Do. Do. 551 56 541 54 554 55 56 spring No. 1, Do. do. William Darby's spring, Dear Sir,—Since my return to this place I have According to the principles laid down in chap. x. been until yesterday, unable to commence my in- of Darby's View of the United States, the mean tended Meteorological observations, and as yet my temperature of Sandy Spring ought to be about 1° preparations are very imperfect; but anxious to be-Fahrenheit below that of Baltimore; and by regin the series, I have remitted for record in the Far-ference to table 50, page 388, of the same treatise, mer the few facts collected. In future I am in hopes to be able to make up Monthly Tables. For the best of the plate, when there are three heats run, the horse is second that wins one. For the best of the heats, the horse is second that beats the other twice out of three times, though he doth not win a heat. When a plate is won at two heats, the preference of the horses is determined by the The local position and features of this part of places they hold in the second heat. When three Maryland are highly favourable to the collection of horses have each won a heat, they only must start elements on the temperature of water. The branches for a fourth, and their places must be determined of Patuxent, those of East Branch, and of Rock by it, though before no difference between them. Creek rise from this broken and hilly, though not No distance in a fourth heat. In running heats, if mountainous tract. The sub-stratum is gneiss; the it cannot be decided which is first, the heat goes for hills are waving, and in very few places precipitous, nothing, and they may all start again, except it be giving outlet to innumerable springs of most pure between two horses that had each won a heat. water. The wells are seldom very deep, varying Horses drawn before the plate is won are distanced. from 15 or 20 to 60 or 70 feet. The mean eleA bet after the heat is over, if the horse betted vation of surface above tide water, may be assumon does not start again, is no bet. A confirmed bet ed at about 500 feet. cannot be off, without mutual consent. Either party may demand stakes to be made, and on refusal may declare the bet void. If a party be absent on the day of running, a public declaration of the bet may be made on the course, and a demand whether any person will make stakes for the absent party; and Thermometrical observations on both elements. had been transported down the Ohio and New York if no person consent to do so, the bet may be declared void. Bets agreed to be settled in town, or any particular place, cannot be declared off on the course. The person who bets the odds has a right to choose the horse of the field. When he has chosen There can be no doubt but that too little attention has been paid to the temperature of perennial wells and springs, and too much comparatively, to that of air. It is my intention to continue a regular course of Those on the atmosphere will be conducted at my own house diurnally; but those on water only once monthly. When making up the tables for my "View of the United States," I became fully convinced that to determine the problem of mean temperature, where WOOL-TARIFF. By the following article from the Boston Courier it seems that the late tariff is not satisfactory even to the friends of the "Woollen" or "American System." [N. Y. Eve. P. (From the Boston Courier, Nov. 12.) WOOL. We learn that Messrs. Wells & Dickinson, of Steubenville, Ohio, sold to one of our manufacturers last week, 40,000 pounds of Wool, which Canals to Albany, and thence to this city. We regret to learn that this article has experienced a great decline in price since last shearing time, owing to want of competition among the purchasers. It was believed by many that the Tariff law of last winter would give some additional protection to the market abroad, the uncertainty of the extent to which the powers of Europe might be drawn into the vortex of war, and in no small degree by the spirit of speculation at home. manufacturers, so that all the mills would go into repeal it. Let us not impose any new burdens, but bread-stuffs, occasioned by the unsteadiness of the active operation, and that there would be a greater let us diminish the old, which fill the whole country demand, and consequently that higher prices would with complaints. Instead of going on to make matbe given for wool. Many of the wool-dealers in this ters worse, let us strive to make them better, by uncity, acted on this belief, and have now large stocks shackling our trade, and suffering industry to flow of wool on hand which they purchased at shearing in its natural channels. time on speculation. COFFEE. To give our individual opinion how long the present prices will remain, and whether, if they are changed, it will be for the better or the worse, would be to assume a responsibility that we need not incur; we shall be careful always to give the exact prices, and so much of the news from abroad as may appear to have a bearing on the value of the articles quoted: and having done that, we leave our intelligent readers to judge for themselves.— We should be sorry to misguide them, as we might do, by our own speculations, and we can enlighten them only by giving them facts on which they may always rely." Too many of our friends, we are sorry to learn, had sold their crops before the rise in grain took place. This is especially the case on the Eastern Shore, because, as we suppose, the transportation to market is done entirely by others, in boats which lie at almost every man's door-whereas, the farmer, removed from tide waters, must occupy his teams in putting in his grain crops, and can only send them with his grain, or more generally with his flour, to market, after all his seeding is done. We are informed by one of the appraisers in this port, who it is generally known is very accurate in his calculations, that the duties secured on Cloths From DR. THORNTON's Botanical Lectures:-"Now at the minimum ports do not amount to so much that I am speaking of berries, it may be useful to under the present law as they did under the former say a few words respecting Coffee: I would recomone, by one and a half per cent. This arises, we are mend every person to drink coffee at breakfast, for told, from the construction given to the law by the those persons who constantly use coffee can never Secretary of the Treasury, which excludes the lists be subject to putrid fevers; and in the east of Euand headings from measurement, and abandons the rope its cultivation became first an object of parprinciples which had hitherto been observed of ad- ticular attention, from the discovery of its being the ding 10 per cent to the invoice value, and reckon-only certain remedy then known for the cure of the ing duty on the charges. plague. Mocha coffee, which originally grew in The subject is one in which the wool growers Arabia-Felix, is unquestionably the finest, and poshave at least as deep an interest as the manufac-sessed of the greatest perfume; but our own Briturers, and it remains to be seen whether they will tish Plantation coffee, if obtained wholesome and insist upon having the Bill of last Session so amend-pure,-fresh roasted, and ground immediately beed as to strike out the one dollar minimum, and fore using, makes a most delicious beverage: and I thereby secure to them the benefits which were must say, what I use myself, which I procure from promised, and to which they are justly entitled. NICOL & Co's., Fenchurch-street, possesses more of Remarks by the Editor of the N. Y. Even. Post.- the real pungency and aromatic flavour of this valThe above article from a paper which has always uable exotic in perfection, than I, from experimental supported the manufacturing side of the question trial have got elsewhere. Coffee bas a great ten- To get late to market is not always, as now, to with great zeal and uniformity, makes good an ob- dency to the cure and prevention of scorbutic hu- get to the best market. The best general rule, is to servation frequently repeated in this paper, that the mours, and I have known the paroxysms of asth-sell as soon as you can conveniently prepare for it; more you grant to the petitioners for an high tariff matic complaints considerably abated by drinking for although sometimes it may happen that by delay the more they will ask. By every new burden you three or four dishes of coffee. A cup of coffee you will get a higher price, yet the reverse of that put on the shoulders of the consumers for their be- strengthens and exhilirates our mental faculties; is as frequently true, and by selling as soon as you nefit, you add to their number, and they besiege and nothing can be more refreshing either to the can get ready, you make sure of some important you with greater noise, a closer concert and a more studious or the laborious, than a dish of good coffee: advantages. First, you avoid waste of crop, which restless importunity. Some people were so credu- this fact we have had practically and powerfully il- may occur in a thousand ways, by mice, birds, fowls, lous as to believe that if the persons who clamour-lustrated by Napoleon Bonaparte, whose buoyancy "light-fingered gentry," &c. and the danger of ened for new duties on wool and woollens last winter of mind and energies, intellectual and physical, were tire destruction by fire, storm, &c.; and next, and could be gratified with the passing of the tariff they never surpassed by any man, who abstained from most important, you pay your debts, stop interest, would be quiet. They little understood the nature the use of wines and spirituous liquors, but drank and keep a good name and a quiet pillow. Let the of the "American System." Once embarked in it coffee at all hours of the day, for the revival of his farmer, then, who takes time by the forelock, pushes there is no stopping short of absolute and entire ex-spirits and strengthening of his body." his work and gets early to market, take comfort in clusion of imports, such a prohibition of intercourse the reflection that he has done his part, and leave with the rest of the world as semi-barbarous nations have hedged themselves round with, such as is resorthind him, sometimes gets a better price, it is but the rest to chance. If his neighbour, who lags bethe luck which chance often throws in the way of the slothful; lending some foundation to the proverb-"a fool for luck." Admiral Sir Isaac Coffin has introduced on the ed to by the absurd jealousy of the Chinese empire, Devonshire coast a new branch of industry, which such as Spain adopted to keep her South American promises to furnish employment and food for thouprovinces in ignorance and degradation. The tariff sands. It is the drying of pilchards for winter conof 1824 was made the pretext for imposing that of sumption, in the same way as herrings. The Ply1828, and now the tariff of 1828 is to be made the mouth Journal says the result has fully answered expretext for one still more exorbitant and excessive.pectation, and that the pilchards dried by Sir Isaac from Europe, we may adopt the observations of the On the political aspect of the latest news The truth is that those who expect to make their are superior in flavour to any herrings now brought New York Evening Post. For the items that are fortunes by laws of this kind are never benefitted to market. The process of curing them is cheap connected immediately with the value of bread by them in the degree they expect. Such high ex-/and simple:-The pickle is made with one part su- stuffs and other agricultural products, the reader is prunella in the proportion of six ounces to every Statesman. gar or molasses, and four parts of salt, with sal referred to the letter taken from the New York water is added to make a pickle, in which a potato fifteen pounds of sugar and salt together-sufficient will float. The fish are left for a week in the pickle, and then smoked as herrings are. pectations are raised, so much competition is produced, so much money is lost in speculation and experiment, that although the community at large are heavily taxed, very few gain any thing by it. The "American System" is a system of burdens to all, and of benefit to scarcely any. It is a system of wanton waste of the wealth and productive industry of the nation. THE FARMER. BALTIMORE, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 21, 1828. We hope that both the wool growers and woollen manufacturers will learn the proper lesson from their present situation. Let them see the folly and inefficacy of laws to make them rich. Laws for their protection may increase their numbers, per- In a letter from Mr. Prince, he states that a plex them with competition, and burden the rest of very valuable discovery of a method to avoid losing the community, and very little more than this can grapes by mildew has been made, not by himself; laws do, unless they name the individual to be en- but that it will soon be communicated for publicariched, and assign him a pension. How could the tion in the American Farmer. It shall be most editor of the Courier, or any body else, expect that welcome when it comes. The remainder of his all the woollen mills in the neighbourhood of Bos-letter being altogether in the nature of an adverton "would go at once into active operation," when tisement, has been placed in the part of our paper so many mills are building or have just been built devoted to that purpose, to which the reader is reall over the interior, each intended to supply its own ferred. neighbourhood-to say nothing of the cloths clandestinely introduced from abroad. The law of 1828 BREAD-STUFFS.-There has been for some is a bad law, we admit it. Let us not amend it, but weeks an extraordinary fluctuation in the price of (From the New York Evening Post, of Nov. 17.) EUROPEAN NEWS. We have looked over the papers brought by the Sylvanus, Jenkins, on Saturday, more closely than our occupations then allowed us to do. We do not find that they contain any thing new from the seat of war, except the report that the Russians had had raised a siege and were retreating, a report which has not yet received the confirmation of official accounts. the 2d of September, relating to an action which A Turkish Bulletin is given, dated at Shumla on took place on the 31st of August. Seven thousand horse under Alisch Pacha attacked a little camp at Jennibazar, four leagues from Shumla. The Russians were defeated, with the loss of 200 killed and twenty prisoners, and were obliged to seek shelter in the neighbouring woods. The Turks set fire to 100 provision wagons, and carried off a number of cavalry horses, and 200 oxen, which were distributed among the troops. which was captured by the Russians was kept by The small port of Bourges on the Black Sea, them only two hours. The country people assembled from all parts assailed them furiously, drove in their out posts, and then embarked and abandoned the place. The accounts received by way of Constantinople, which are as late as the 12th of Sep tember, give a sad picture of the state of the Russian army. The Turks represent the army of the enemy as diminishing daily by the diseases of the climate, want of food and the impetuous sorties of the Turkish garrisons. (From the N. Y. Statesman.) Liverpool, Oct. 11. 1828. Dear Sir.-The sales of Cotton from 27th ult. to the 3d inst. amounted to 12,570 bales, viz:-90 Sea Island at 13 a 14 1-2d; 10 Stained at 7 1-2; 4000 Upland at 5 3-4 a 7 1-8, with 20 at 7 1-2; 2,430 Orleans at 6 a 7 3-8, with 140 at 8 1-2; 2000 Alabama at 5 3-4 a 6 3-4; 2,460 Brazil at 6 7-8 a 8 1-8; 160 Demerara at 7 1-8 a 7 5-8; 20 Barbadoes at 12d; 40 West India at 6; 100 Carthagena at 4 1-2 a 4 5-8; 640 Egyptian at 7 1-2 a 8 1-2; 620 Surat a 8 3-4 a 4 3-4 per lb. The demand was steady and prices rather improving. The import during the week was 19,530 bales. Ashes were in request, and Pearl brought rather higher prices; 550 bls. new Montreal Pot sold at 30s; 80 new Pearl, 30 a 31 and 80 New York, brand 1827, 30s. 6d per cwt. Tar-600 bbls. common quality, brought 12s per barrel.; about 1800 barrels of fresh Turpentine brought 11s per cwt. from the quay. Quercitron Bark-about 60 hhds. Philadelphia sold at 12s a 13s, per cwt. Rice-150 tes. Carolina brought 17s ed for middling, and 19s for good quality. Tobacco-Good Leaf; suitable for the Irish market, was readily taken at some advance on former prices. There has been a very active demand for Cotton this week, especially the last three days, and the sales of all descriptions from 4 to 10th inst. inclusive amount to 22,620 bales, viz: WANTS A SITUATION. Colton.-Upland 5 7-8 a 7d; Orleans 6 a 7 1-2d; Alabama 5 3-4 a 7d; Sea Island 12 1-2 a 18d; StainA person who understands the business of a Vineed 4 1-2 a 10d. Ashes--N. York Pot 30s; do Pearl Dresser in all its branches, together with the process of 30 a 31s; Mont. Pot 29 a 30s; do Pearl 30 a 31s. making the different kinds of wine, and putting them Rice-in bond 15 a 19s; Flour in bond 33 a 38s; up. The advertiser is a German, and also understands Indian Corn per qr. 40 a 42s; Turpentine 9 a 11s; the French language. Having a family, he would preTar 10s 6d a 12s 6d; Quercitron Bark 11 a 13s, fer remaining in this state, where he would undertake Beeswax 8l. a 13l.; Hides, salted, 5 1-4; Tobacco, the care of a number of vineyards. Inquire at the Va. leaf, 2 a 4 1-2; Stemmed 2 3-4 a 5; Kentucky leaf, 2 a 3 1-2; Stemmed, 2 1-2 a 4 1-2. NEWS EXPECTED. The New-York papers of Tuesday evening announce the arrival below at that port of the Liver pool packet ship of the 16th October. We have seen a letter from New-York, to which the following is postscript-"Rumor says the King of England is dead;" but adds, "it cannot be known." There are also a great many reports of the price of flour in England-some highly favourable to an advance, and others discouraging to the hopes that have been entertained of a rise. Neither can be relied upon. VALUABLE VINES FOR SALE. office of the American Farmer. BALTIMORE PRICES CURRENT. Corrected for the American Farmer, by Edward J. Willson & Co. Commission Merchants and Planters' Agents, No. 4, Borly's wharf. TOBACCO.--Scrubs, $3.00 a 6.00-ordinary, 3.00 a 8.00 red, 3.50 a 4.50-fine red, 5.00 a 7.00-wrapping, 5.00 a 9.00-Ohio ordinary, 3.00 a 4.00-good red spangled, 4.00 a 7.00-yellow, 4.00 a 9.00-fine yellow, 10.00 a 20.00 Virginia, 2.50 a 8.00-Rapahannock 2.75 a 3.50 Kentucky, 3.00 a 5.00. FLOUR-white wheat family, $10.50 a 11.50-super. Howard-st. 8.00 a 9.00; city mills, 7.75 a 8.50; Susquehanna, 8.00 a 8.50-CORN MEAL, bbl. 3.00-GRAIN, best red wheat, 1.75 a 1.90-best white wheat, 1.95 a 2.05ord'y to good, 1.65 a 1.75--CORN, old, .60 a .62-new corn, .55 a .60-in ear, bbl. 2.00 a 2.50-RYE, bush. .60 a .65-OATS .33 a .32-BEANS .75 a 1.25-PEAS .45 a .55Knowing that extensive Vineyards were most suc- CLOVER SEED, 5.00 a 5.50-TIMOTHY, 1.75 a 2.25-Orchcessively cultivated on the Rhine, I made it a point ARD GRASS 1.75 a 2.50-Herd's 1.00 a 1.50-Lucerne 37 to form an acquaintance with one of the most respect- a .50 lb.-BARLEY, .60 a 62-FLAXSEED,.75 a.80-Corable and intelligent proprietors, and some idea may be TON, Va. .9 a.11-Lou. .13 a .14-Alabama, .10.11formed of the extent of the one I shall refer to, from Mississippi .11 a .13-North Carolina, .10 a.11-Georhis having under culture 200 acres of land, and em- gia, .9 a.10-WHISKEY, hhds. 1st proof, .27-bbls. .25 ploying 150 workmen. To this very successful cultiva- a .29-WooL, common, unwashed, lb., .15 a.16-washtor I stated our difficulties in regard to the Vine, which ed, .18 a .20-crossed, .20 a .22-three-quarter, .25 a had been heretofore introduced from localities too far.30-full do. .30 a .50, accord'g to qual.-HEMP, Russia, South, and therefore unsuitable to support our severe ton, $210 a 212; Country, dew-rotted, 136 a 140-waterwinters, and the general variations of our climate, and rotted, 170 a 190-FISH, Shad, Susquehanna, No. 1, bbl. requested of him to send me a selection of those kinds 5.75; do. trimmed, 6.50-North Carolina, No. 1, 6.25 only which bore their winters wholly without protec- a 6.50-Herrings, No. 1, bbl. 2.87 a 3.00; No. 2, 2.25 tion and without injury, and such as were great bear- a 2.50-Mackerel, No. 1, 5.50; No. 2, 5.00; No. 3, 4.00 ers, and produced certain and regular crops; and which-BACON, hams, Baltimore cured, .10 a 11; do. E. Shore, 170 Sea islands at 13 a 22d; 20 Stained at 7 a 9d; were also considered among the best for wine. The 12-hog round, cured, .8 a .9-Feathers, .26 .289580 Upland at 5 7-8 a 7 3-8d; 3490 Orleans, at comprising these particular qualities naturally render- Plaster Paris, cargo price per ton, $3.37 a 8.506 1-4 a 10 a 9d; 4478. Alabama, at 5 3-4 a 7d; ed the number of varieties selected comparatively ground, 1.25 bbl.; grass fed prime Beef, 4.50. 3390 Brazil, at 7 1-4 a 8 1-4d; 220 West India, &c. small, and he sent me the following eight kinds, as posat 6 1-4 a 9d, 470 Egyptian, at 7 a 8 1-2d; 500 Su-sessing these desirable properties, viz: rat, at 3 3-4 a 4 3-4d. Common qualities of American, especially Upland have advanced 1-8 per lb., and the better qualities are saleable at the extreme prices of the week previous; yesterday, fair Orleans were in request at an improvement of 1-8 a 1-4 per lb. Speculators have taken upwards of 4000 bales American, and the market closed steadily. The import during the week is 3420 bales; and since the 1st of January the supply received into this port amounts to 527,740 bales, against 677,588 to same period last year; the decrease from the United States is 195,100 bales. In Manchester there continues to be a good demand for goods and yarn, and the consumption of Cotton is unabated. Ashes.-The late brisk demand has subsided for the present, but prices are steady; 330 bbls. new Mont. Pot sold this week at 30s a 30s 6d. chiefly at 30s; and 13 bbl. Pearl, (old) at 29s 6d per cwt. Facun or Bourger, Auvernas Rouge Claire. HAY, per ton, 10 a 11 dolls.; Straw, do. 7 a 8 dolls. Such has been the fluctuation of our grain market for some days past, and at the present time, it cannot be correctly stated. Tuesday last $9.00 was paid for flour out of the wagons; yesterday by some 8.00 and others 7.75, and to-day it is expected to be down to 7.00. Sales of whiskey was made yesterday at 26 a 27 cts. in the hhd.; and on Wednesday a sale of white wheat at 2.13; this day, sales of common red at 1 80. Good corn is in demand; produce from the Susquehanna is daily arriving. Champagne Wine. I received of the above kinds 6,400 ens, per dozen, 2.00 a 2.25; Ducks, per doz. 2.50; Beef, prime pieces, lb. .8 a.10; Veal, .S; Mutton, .6 a.7; Pork. .6; young Pigs, dressed, .75 a 874; Sausages, per lb..10. Onions, bush. .50; Beets, bush. .75; Turnips, bush. .50: Partridges, .8 each; Canvass-back Ducks, pair, 1.00 a 1.25; prime Beef on the hoof, 5.50 a 6.00. The Subscribers have for sale at their Nursery near Tar-The only sale is 180 bbls. at 12s per bbl. this city, an extensive assortment of well grown, thrifty, CONTENTS OF THIS NUMBER. Turpentine-A parcel of old, consisting of 1126 Grafted Fruit Trees, ready for delivery at their Store, On Training Horses-Cattle Show in Washington bbls. has been sold, but the price has not transpired. at the shortest notice, consisting of Apple, Peach, Pear, Co. Penn.; Conclusion of the Report of CommitteeThere are no sales of Rice or Quercitron Bark to Apricot, Cherry, Rectarine, Plum and other Fruit Trees, Forest and Ornamental Trees, Answer to Inquiries in which they warrant to prove true according to cata- No. 34.-Curious facts in Regard to the Nature and report this week. Grain.-There has been a very logue. They will also furnish at short notice, White Culture of the Irish Potato-Soaking Seed Corn-Sea extensive business going forward during the week, Mulberry Trees, from one to three years old, Grape Sand-Crops in Virginia-Wm. Prince on the Tea chiefly on speculation, and prices of all descriptions Plants, and Cuttings, and Ornamental Trees, together Shrub, Sugar Cane, &c.-Cider Making-How to Conhave advanced materially-very little bonded wheat with about thirty thousand Thorn Quicks of two years' struct an Icehouse to keep Ice well in a low flat counis offering, purchasers being unwilling to submit to growth. They have an extensive assortment of young try or situation-Female Education, concluded-Rethe high prices asked, and holders are in expectation plants under way, to meet the annual demand which cipe for making Eau de Cologne-Pedigree of Speculaof its being shortly released at a low duty. - Indian may be made, and R. S. is now devoting much of his tor wanted--Archibald-English Sports-Laws which Corn may be quoted at 40 a 42 per qr. and Flour time in extending and stocking their Nursery and Seed Govern the Race Course in Great Britian-Metereoloin bond 33 a 38 per bbl.; a fresh arrival of the lat-Garden, and hopes soon to be able to supply the public gical Observations in Montgomery Co. Md.-Woollen with most articles in the Horticultural line. Samples Trade-Coffee-Editorial. ter would probably bring somewhat more. The of the Trees may be seen, and priced catalogues receivTobacco market remains without alteration, with a ed (gratis) at our Store, Pratt-st. wharf. limited business doing. And we remain respectfully SINCLAIR & MOORE. Printed every Friday, at Five Dollars per annum, for JOHN S. SKINNER, Editor, by JOHN D. Tor, corner of St. Paul and Market streets. |