"Even in the month that from Augustus woone
"His sacred name, which unto heav'n aspires;
"And on the last of his ten-trebled dayes."

And in Venus and Adonis,

(62)

"For lovers say, the heart hath treble wrong
"When it is bard the aydance of the tongue."

as this temple waxes,

The inward service of the mind and soul

Grows wide withal.] As the body increases in bulk, the duties calling forth the offices and energies of the mind increase equally. The term temple, which signified a place appropriated to acts of religion, is never but on grave occasions applied to the body: nor generally, but where it is described as the sacred receptacle or depository of the soul; as in the Rape of Lucrece "His soul's fair temple is defaced." And, "The outward shape,

"The unpolluted temple of the mind." Com. 460.

(63) And now no soil, nor cautel, doth besmirch

The virtue of his will:] And now no spot, nor mental reservation, tarnishes the sincerity and clear purity of his intentions. Mr. Malone quotes Minshieu.

"Cautel, a crafty way to deceive."

"In him a plenitude of subtle matter,

Applied to cautels, all strange forms receives."
Lover's Complaint.

And Steevens: "And their subtill cautels to amend the statute." Greene's Art of Coneycatching, Part II. 1592. Amend was the cant term for evade. See Coriol. IV. 1. Cor.; and Jul. Cæs. II. 1. Bru.

Besmirch is besmear or sully. See IV. 5. Laert.; & H. V. K. Hen. IV. 3. For will the folios give feare; but will, the reading of the quartos, appears plainly from its recurrence in the next line, to be the true one: and fear must have been the error of the compositor, whose eye caught it from the end of the same line.

(64) The chariest maid] She who acts with due wariness, with the truest discretion, is dearest to herself, is &c.

"Be charie of thy chastitie, which sutors seeke so shamefully." Peter Colse's Penelope's Complaint, 4to. 1590. Signat. G." Sens by your meanes my life is become more deere unto me, I am muche more charie that it maye not be lost." Nic. Udall's Erasm. Apopthegm, 12mo. 1592, fo. 221, b. "When a man hath a glasse of a brittle substance, and for the worth of great

price and value, he is very chary and heedfull thereof." Nich. Breton's Poste, &c. 4to. 1637. p. 2.

"Love

Mr. Steevens cites Greene's Never too late, 1616. requires not chastity, but that her soldiers be chary." And, "She liveth chastly enough, that liveth charily." We have chariness, M. W. of Winds. II. 1, Mrs. Ford, and unchary, Tw. N. III. 4. Olivia, and "Diana too chary in her thoughts. Venus more charie of her face then her maidenhead." Greene's Orpharion, 4to. 1599, p. 38.

(65) infants of the spring] Herrick, in The Primrose, writes, "Aske me why I send you here

"This sweet Infanta of the yeere?" 8vo. 1648, p. 243. The last line of this elegant little song, claimed also by Carew in his poems, 8vo. 1670, p. 155, is given thus:

"This firstling of the infant year."

In Pericles we have,

"And leave her,

"The infant of your care." III 3. Pericl. and in

L. L. L. I. 1. Bir.

"an envious sneaping frost,

"That bites the first-born infants of the spring."

(66) And these few precepts in thy memory

Look thou character.] Imprint.

66

thy tables are within my brain

"Full character'd with lasting memory." Sonn. 122. "Thou art the table wherein all my thoughts

"Are visibly character'd and engrav'd."

See Two G. of V. Julia, II. 7.

(67) hoops of steel] Hooks having been unwarrantably here substituted, and it having been said also by Malone, that hoops were never made of steel, Mr. Pye observes, "I believe hoops are at least as often made of steel as hearts are; or as foreheads are of brass." Comm. on Commentators, 8vo. 1807, p. 311.

(68) dull thy palm] By too general intercourse lose the nice and quick sense of feeling, which frequent handling extinguishes or deadens. "The hand of little employment hath

the daintier sense." V. 1. Haml,

(69) Are most select and generous, chief in that.] Choice and liberal. Generous is high-minded. "The generous and gravest citizens." M. for M. IV. 6. Friar Pet.; and "The generous islanders." Othel. III. 2. Desd.

In this unquestionably corrupt passage we have adopted the reading of the modern editors. The quartos give this line:

"As

"Or

(70)

of a most select and generous, cheefe in that."

To thine ownself be true,

And it must follow, as the night the day,] 'Tis part of Burnet's character of Villiers, second Duke of Buckingham, "that he was true to nothing, for he was not true to himself." Hist. of his own Times, fo. I. 100. Shakespeare says, "That followed it, as gentle day

"Doth follow night." Sonn. 145.

(71) Farewell; my blessing season this in thee] i. e. give a relish to, quicken, it.

These golden precepts, suited indeed to the occasion, and the rank of the person that delivers them, very ill accord with the character he supports, and the measure of intellect allotted to him in almost every other part of this play; in which he appears to be, as Hamlet II. 2, III. 2, and III. 4, describes him, a " tedious old fool," "a wretched rash fool," "a foolish prating knave." At the same time, that in this view we insist upon his tiresome expostulation with the king and queen in II. 2, we must also observe that our author puts into his mouth, in his conversation with Reynaldo, II. 1, the very words of Shallow to Bardolph, "Well said, and it is well said, &c." II. H. IV. III. 2. See also the note at the end of the fragment of the play in II. 2. Haml.

(72) The time invites you]

"I go, and it is done: the bell invites me."

Macb. II. 1. Macb. "The time inviting thee." Cymb. III. 4. Imog.

(73) Tender yourself more dearly] Tender was anciently used as much in the sense of regard or respect, as it was in that of offer. "And because eche like thing tendreth his like." Pref. to Drant's Horace, 4to. 1566.

Mr. Malone instances Lyly's Maydes Metamorphosis, 1601. 66 if you account us for the same

"That tender thee, and love Apollo's name."

This word is presently used in another sense, that of make or render : "You'll tender me a fool:" i. e. "hold or esteem." Johnson.

(74) Roaming it thus] Ranging so far, becoming so wildly excursive, and running into so many senses of the word, tender. Of roam our dictionary makers can give no account. Dr. Johnson pilgrimages to Rome for the etymology of it. It may, however, be of the same root with room; which Mr. Tooke says,

in his Divers. of Purl. II. 260, is derived from, and is the past participle of, a Saxon verb; signifying dilatare, amplificare, extendere; and imports space or extent, as dilatum, extended. To roam, then, may be to extend, spread about, expatiate. Puttenham, in his Arte of Eng. Poesie, 4to. 1589, p. 171, in the third person writes it "romes," and, p. 229, romer. See Chaucer. The quartos read " wrong it thus."

(75) Do not believe his vows, for they are brokers] Bawds or pimps. Gloss. to Gawin Douglass's Virgil.

"This bawd, this broker," &c. K. John.

"Know, vows are ever brokers to defiling." Lover's Com.

Procurers. See All's Well, &c. III. 5. Widow.

MALONE.

(76) Breathing like sanctified and pious bonds] Like the protestations of solemn contracts entered into with all the formalities and ceremonies of religion. Adam tells Orlando, in As you, &c. "Thy virtues, gentle master,

"Are sanctified and holy traitors to you." II. 3. Adam.

(77) an eager air] Sharp, aigre, Fr.

"And curd, like eager droppings, into milk." Sc. 5. MALONE,

(78) held his wont to walk] "Obsoletus, unwonte." Ortus vocabulor, 4to. 1514. The noun as well as the participle has been transmitted to us; and it appears that in early times the verb was in more popular use also.

66

"No wonder though she be astoned,
"She never was to non swiche gēstēs woned."

Chauc. 8vo. Tyrwh. II. 15.

(79) The king doth wake to-night, and takes his rouse,
Keeps wassels, and the swaggering up-spring reels;
And, as he drains his draughts of Rhenish down,
The kettle-drum and trumpet thus bray out

The triumph of his pledge] Upspring, associated with swaggering," may have the familiar sense of " upstart," assigned to it by Dr. Johnson: but Mr. Steevens having shewn, from Chapman's Alphonsus, that upspring was a German dance (at least a figure in their dances)

"We Germans have no changes in our dances;
"An almain and an upspring, that is all,"

the term seems, like upsy freeze, to be connected with the musical accompaniments and riotous gesticulations of a northern or German debauch,

The language of Lodge's Wit's Miserie, 4to. 1596, p. 20,

seems to countenance this idea: "Dance, leap, sing, drink, upsefrize."

"For Upsefreese he drunke from four to nine,

"So as each sense was steeped well in wine:
"Yet still he kept his rouse, till he in fine

"Grew extreame sicke with hugging Bacchus' shrine.”

A new Spring shadowed in sundrie pithie Poems by Musophilus, 4to. 1619, signat. 1. b. where Upsefreese is the name given to the Frier.

Of rouse, noticed before, 1. 2, King, and Rhenish wine, each of which are also mentioned here, we may further instance;

"Sparring out his legges, yea and distending all his entralls, like a bladder, for the grand carowse." Tho. Thompson's Diet, for a Drunkard. Sermon, 4to. 1612, p. 63.

66

They found that Helicon still had

"That virtue it did anciently retaine,

"When Orpheus, Linus, and th' Ascrean swaine, "Tooke lusty rowses, which hath made their rimes "To last," &c. Drayton's Muses Elysium. Nymphall III. 4to. 1630, p. 25.

What was the royal practise in Denmark near the time at which this play was written, may be seen in Howell's Letters:

"I made a Latin speech to the King of Denmark” (Christian IV. who acceded in 1588, and died 1649, uncle of Anne, Queen of King James), "on the embassy of my Lord of Leicester, who attended him at Rheynsburg, in Holsteinland. The King feasted my Lord once, and it lasted from eleven of the clock till towards the evening; during which time the King began thirty-five healths; the first to the Emperor, the second to his Nephew of England; and so went over all the kings and queens of Christendom, but he never remembered the Prince Palsgrave's health, or his Niece's, all the while. The King was taken away at last in his chair, but my Lord of Leicester bore up stoutly all the while; so that when there came two of the king's guard to take him by the arms, as he was going down the stairs, my lord shook them off, and went alone. The next morning I went to court for some dispatches; but the king was gone a hunting at break of day; but going to some other of his officers, their servants told me, without any appearance of shame, that their masters were drunk over-night; and so it would be late before they would rise." Hamburgh, October, 1632, 8yo, 1726. Sect. VI. 2, p. 236.

Again, in Dr. Muffett's Health's Improvement, republished, as he says, when almost forgotten, by Dr. Bennet, 4to. 1655.

"Switrigalus, Duke of Lituania, never sat fewer than six hours at dinner, and as many at supper; from whom I think the custome of long sitting was derived to Denmark: for there, I remember, I sat with Frederick King of Denmark, and that most honourable Peregrine, Lord Willoughby of Eresby (when