с * News-writers afford matter of speculation. power of expressing thoughts by words, Addison. or vocal sounds. 4. A train of thoughts formed by medi- There is none comparable to the variety of intation. structive expressions by speech, wherewith man From him Socrates derived the principles of alone is endowed, for the communication of his morality, and most part of his natural specula- thoughts. Holder. tions. Temple. Though our ideas are first acquired by various 5. Mental scheme not reduced to practice. sensations and reflections, yet we convey them This terrestrial globe, which before was only to each other by the means of certain sounds, or round in speculation, has since been surrounded written marks, which we call words; and a great by the fortune and boldness of many navigators. part of our knowledge is both obrained and comTempie. municated by these means, which are called This is a consideration not to be neglected, or speech. Watts. thought an indifferent matter of mere specula- 2. Language ; words considered as expresstion. Lesley. ing thoughts. 6. Power of sight. Not in use. In speech be cight parts. Accidence, Thy bones are marrowless; thy blood is cold; The acts of God co numan ears Thou hast no speculation in those eyes Cannot without process of speecb be told. Milt. Thou star'st with. Sbakspeare. 3. Particular language, as distinct from SPECULATIVE. adj. [speculatif, French; others. from speculate.] There is neither speech nor language, but their 1. Given to speculation ; contemplative. voices are heard among them. Ps. Com. Prayer. If all other uses were utterly taken away, yet 4. Any thing spoken. the mind of man being by nature speculative, and A plague upon your epileptick visage! delighted with contemplation in itself, they were Smile you my speeches as I were a fool ? Shaks. to be known even for mere knowledge sake. 5. Talk; mention. Hooker. The duke did of me demand It encourages speculative persons, who have no What was the speech among the Londoners, turn of mind to increase their fortunes. Addison. Concerning the French journey. Sbakspeare. 2. Theoretical ; notional ; ideal; not prac- Speech of a man's self ought to be seldom. Bacon. tical. 6. Oration; harangue Some take it for a speculative platform, that The constant design of these orators, in all reason and nature would that the best should their speeches, was to drive some one particular govern, but no wise to create a right. Bacon. point. Swift. These are not speculative Highes, or imaginary 7. Declaration of thoughts. notions, but are plain and undeniable laws, that I, with leave of speech implor'd, reply'd. Milt are founded in the nature of rational beings. SPE'Echless. adj. (trom speeco.] Law. SPE'CULATIVELY, adv. [from specula 1. Deprived of the power of speaking ; made mute or dumb. tive.] He fell down, foamed at month, and was 1. Contemplatively; with meditation. spechless. Sbakspeare, 2. Ideally ; notionally; theoretically ; not 'The great god Pan hath broken his pipes, and practically. Apollo's priest are become speechless. Ruleigh. A single vision transports them: it finds them SPECULA'TOR. n. s. [from speculate.] in the eagerness and height of their devotion; 1. One who forms theories. they are speechless for the time that it continues He is dextrous in puzzling others, if they be and prostrate when it departs. Dryden. not through-paced speculators in those great Speechless with wonder, and half dead with theories. More. fear; Addison. 2. speculateur, French.] An observer; a 2. Mute ; dumb. contemplator. I kneel'd before him; Although lapidaries and questuary enquirers 'T was very faintly he said rise: dimiss'd me affirm it, yet the writers of minerals, and natu- Thus, with his speechless hand. Shakspeare. ral speculators, conceive the stones which bear From her eyes this name to be a mineral concretion. Brown. I did receive fair speechless messages. He that never hears a word spoken, it is no 3. A spy; a watcher. All the boats had one speculator, to give notice wonder he remain spe.cbless; as any one must when the fish approached. Broome. do, who from an infant should be bred up among mutes. Holder, SPE'CULATORY. adj. (from speculate.] TO SPEED. v.n. pret. and part. pass. sped Exercising speculation. and speeded. (spoeden, Dutch.) SPECULUM. n. S. (Latin.] A mirror ; 1. To make hasie ; to move with celerity. a looking-glass; that in which repre- So well they sped, that they be coine at length sentations are formed by reflection. Unto the place whereas the Paynim lay A rough and coloured object may serve for a Devoid of outward sense and native strength, speculum, to reflect the artificial rainbow. Boyle. Cover'd with charmed cloud from view of day. Sped. The pret. and part. pass. of speed. Fairy Queen. His horse full of windgalls, sped with the spa Do think me a swallow, an arrow, or a vins, and rayed with the yellows. Sbakspeare. bullet? Have I, in my poor and cold motion, Barbarossa, sped of that he desired, staid not the expedition of thought? I speeded hither with 1 long at Constantinople, but shaped his course the very extremest inch of possibility. Sbaksp. towards Italy. Knolles, If pray'rs With all his harness soon the god was sped; Could alter high decrees, I to that place His flying hat, his wings upon his heels. Dryden, Would speed before thee, and be louder heard. Milton. SPEECH. n. s. [from speak.] See where Idwall speeds ! a trusty soldier. s. The power of articulate utterance; the A. Pbilipso Sbuksp. a fear SPE 2. [rpedian, to grow rich, Saxon.) To Speed: n. s. [spoed, Dutch.] have good success. 1. Quickness; celerity. Timon is shrunk, indeed; Earth receives And he, that 's once denied, will hardly speed. As tribute, such a sumless journey brought Shakspeare. Of incorporeal speed, ber warmth and light; Now if this suit lay in Bianca's pow'r, Speed! to describe whose swiftness number fails. How quickly should you speed. Sbakspeare. Milton. When first this ompter cross'd the gulph from We observe the horse's patient service at the hell, plough, his speed upon the highway, his docibleI told you then he should prevail, and speed ness, and desire of glory. More. In his bad errand. Milton. 3. To succeed well or ill. 2. Haste; hurry; dispatch. Make me not sighted like the basilisk: When they strain to their utmost speed, there is still the wonted distance between them and I've look'd on thousands, who have sped the their aims: all their eager pursuits bring them better no acquests. Decay of Piety. By my regard, but kill'd none so. Shakspeare. Macicaus showed them what an offence it was 3. The course or pace of a horse. rashly to depart out of the city, which inight be He that rides at high speed, and with a pistol unto them dangerous, although they should spere kills a sparrow flying. Shakspeare. never so well, Knolles. 4. Success ; event of any action or inci. These were violators of the first temple ; and dent. those that profaged and abused the second, sped The prince your son, with mere conceit and no better, Sonib. 4. To have any condition, good or bad. Of the queen's speed, is gone. Sbahspeare. Ships heretofore in seas like fishes sped, O Lord, I pray thee send me good spred. The mightiest still upon the smallest fed. Genesis. Waller. TO SPEED. v. a. STE'Edily. adv. [from speed;.] With haste; quickly. 1. To dispatch in haste; to send away Post speedily to your husband, quickly. Shew him this letter. Sbakspeare. The tyrant's self, a thing unus'd, began To feel his heart relent with meer compassion ; Send speedily to Bertran; charge him strictly Not to proceed. Dryder. But, not dispos'd to ruth or mercy then, He sped him thence home to his habitation. SPE’EDINESS. M. s. [from speedy.] The Fairfax. quality of being speedy. 2. To hasten ; to put into quick motion. Spe'EDWELL. n. s. [veronica, Latin.] A She, plant ; fuellin. Hearing so much, will speed her foot again, In a scarcity in Silesia a rumour was spread of Led hither by pure love. Sbakspeare. its raining millet seed; but it was found to be Satan, tow'rd the coast of earth beneath, only the seeds of the ivy-leaved speedwell, or Down from th'ecliptick sped with hop'd success, small henbit. Derbar. Throws his steep flight in many an airy wheel. Milton. SPE’ED Y. adj. [from speed.] Quick; swift; The priest replied no more, nimble; quick of dispatch. But sped his steps along the hourse resounding How near 's the other army? shore. Dryden. -Near, and on speedy foot: the main descry 3. To furnish in haste. Stands on the hourly thought. Shakspeare 4. To dispatch; to destroy ; to kill; to Back with speediest sail mischief; to ruin. Zophiel, of cherubim the swiftest wing, Miltex. Let it be enough what thou hast done, wound. Dryden. When spotted deaths ran arm'd through ev'ry A dire dilemma! either way I'm sped; street, If focs they write, if friends they read, me dead. With poison'd darts, which not the good could shun, Pope. The speedy could outily, or valiant meet. Dryd. s. To execute; to dispatch. Judicial acts are all those writings and matters SPEIGHT, 1. so (picus martius, Latin. ) which relate to judicial proceedings, and are sped A bird. in open court at the instance of one or both of the parties. SPELL, 11. s. {rpel, Saxon, a word.) 6. To assist ; to help forward. 1. A charm consisting of some words of Lucina occult power. Thus Horace uses words : Reach'd her midwife hands to speed the throes. Sunt rerba s voces quibus hunc lenire Dryden. dolorem Propitious Neptune steer'd their course by - Possis. night Start not; her actions shall be holy: You hear my spell is lawful: do not shun her, Speed the soft intercourse from soul to soul, Until you see her die again; for then You kill her double. And waft a sigh from Indus to the pole. Pope. Sbakspeare. Some have delivered the polity of spirits, that 7. To make prosperous ; to make to suc they stand in awe of charms, spells, and conjuraceed. tions, letters, characters, notes, and dashes. If any bring nor this doctrine, receive him not Broces, into your house, neither bid him God speed. Thou durst not thus disparage glorious arms, St. Paul, Had not spells He was chosen, though he stood low upon the And black enchantments, some magician's art, roll, by a very unusual concurrence of provi- Arm'd thee or charm'd thee strong. dential creilts, happened to be sport. Fall Begin, begin; the mystick spell prepare. M. Milson To SPELL, V. n. Yourself you so excel, copious fume; except spelter, which fumes cou When you vouchsafe to breathe my thought, piously, and thereby flames. Newton, That, like a spirit, with this spell TO SPEND. v. a. (rpendan, Saxon ; sperOf my own teaching I am caughe. Waller. dere, Italian.) Mild Lucina Then reach'd her midwife hands to speed the 1. To consume; to exhaust; to waste. Our cannons malice vainly shall be spent throes, Against th' invulnerable clouds. Sbakspeare, And spoke the pow'rful spells that babes to birth I will Dryden. 2 Corinthians. 2. A turn of work; a vicissitude of labour. There is oil in the dwelling of the wise, but a A low word. foolish man spendeth it up. Proverbia Their toil is so extreme as they cannot endure We must exasperate it above four hours in a day, but are succeeded The almighty Victor to spend all his rage. Milt. by spells: the residue of the time they wear out Money is brought into England by nothing 'at coytes and kayles. Carew. but spending here less of foreign commodities To SPELL. v. a. pret. and part. pass. than what we carry to market can pay for. Locke. 2. To bestow, as expence; to expend, as spelled or spelt. [spellen, Dutch.] cost. 1. To write with the proper letters. Wherefore do ye spend money for that which In the criticism of spelling, the word satire is not bread? Isaiah. ought to be withi, and not with y; and if this be then it is false spelled throughout. Dryd. 3. To bestow for any purpose : often with 2. To read by naming letters singly. unon. I never yet saw man, When we can intreat an hour to serve, How wise, how noble, young, how rarely featur'd, Would spend it in some words upon chat business, But she would spell him backward; if fair fac'd, If you would grant the time. Sbakspeare. She'd swear the gentleman should be her sister. Eleutherius, perceiving that he was unwilling Sbakspeare, to spend any more time upon the debate, thought 3. To charm. not fit to make any mention to him of the proI have you fast: posed opinion. Boyle. Unchain your spirits now with spelling charms, 4. To effuse. And try if they can gain your liberty. Sbaksp. Coward dogs This, gather'd in the planetary hour, Most spend their mouths, when what they seem With noxious weeds, and spell'u with words of to threaten pow'r, Runs far before them. Sbakspeare. Dire stepdames in the magic bowl infuse. Dryd. 5. To squander; to lavish. The whole of our reflections terminate in this, what course we are to take to pass our time; some 1. To form words of letters. to get, and others to spend, their estates. Wekc. What small knowledge was, in them did dwell; And he a god, who could but read or speil . Dryd. 6. To pass; to suffer to pass away. In those pastoral pastimes a great many days By pasting on the vowels and consonants on were spent, to follow their flying predecessors. the sides of four dice, he has made this a play Sidney. for his children, whereby his eldest son in coats has played himself into spelling., Locke. They spend their days in wealth, and in a moment go down to the grave. Job. The Latin being written of the same charac He spends his life with his wife, and remem-. ter with the mother tongue, by the assistance bereth neither father nor mother. 1 Esdras. of a spelling book it is legible. Spectator. Another cause, which hath maimed our lan Say, for you saw us, ye immortal lights! How oft unwearied have we spent the nights, guage, is a foolish opinion that we ought to spell Till the Ledæan stars, so fam'd for love, exactly as we speak. Suift. Cowley. 2. To read. When he was of riper years, for his farther If I read aught in heaven, accomplishment, he spent a considerable part of Or heav'n write aught of fate, by what the stars, his time in travelling. Pope. Voluminous or single characters, In their conjunction met, give me to spell, 7. To waste ; to wear out; to exhaust of Sorrows and labours, opposition, hate, force. Attend thee. Milton. The waves ascended and descended, till their When gowns, not arms, repell’d violence being spent by degrees, they settled at The tierce Epirote, and the African bold, last. Burnet. Whether to settle peace, or to unfold They bend their bows, they whirl their slings The drift of hollow'states, hard to be spelld. around; Milton, Heaps of spent arrows fall, and strew the ground. And may at last my weary age Dryden. Find out the peaceful hermitage, The winds are rais'd, the storm blows high; Where I may sit and rightly spell Be it your care, my friends, to keep it up Of every star that heaven doch shew, In its full fury, and direct it right, And every herb that sips the dew. Milton. Till it has spen: itself on Cato's head. Addison. 3. To read unskilfully. 8. To fatigue ; to harass. As to his understanding, they bring him in Not!iing but only the hope of spoil did relieve void of all notion; a rude unwritten blank, them, having scarce clothes to cover their nakedsent into the world only to read and spell out a ness, and their bodies spent with long labour God in the works of creation. South. and thirst. Knolles. Or come your shipping in our ports to lay, To Spelt. v. n. To split ; to break. A Spent and disabled in so long a way? bad word. Our walls are thinly mann'd, our best men Feed geese with oats, spelted beans, barley- slain; meal, or ground malt mixed with beer. Mortim. The rest, an heartless number, spent with watchSPELTER. n. s. A kind of semimetal. ing, Metals in fusien do not flame, for want of a And harassid out with duty. Dryden. Dryden. me rate, Bau.. fresh you. Some spent with toil, some with despair op. very improperly called sperma, because press'd, it is only the oil which comes from the Leap'd headlong from the heights; the fames head of which it can be made. It is consum'd the rest. Dryden. changed from what it is naturally, the Wrestling with vice and faction; now thou see'st oil itself being very brown and rank. The peculiar property of it is, to shoot Sfent, overpower'd, despairing of success. Addis. into fakes, not much unlike the chry: TO SPEND. V. n. stallization of salts; but in this state 1. To make expence. it is yellow, and has a certain rankness, Henceforth your tongue must spend at lesser from which it is freed by squeezing it beThan in its flames to wrap a nation's fate. Dryd. tween warm metalline plates : at length He spends as a person who knows that he must it becomes perfectly pure, inodorous, come to a reckoning. South. flaky, smooth, white, and in some mea2. To prove in the use. sure transparent. Quincy. Butter spent as if it came from the richer soil. SPERMA'TICAL. adj. (spermatique, Fr. Tempie. SPERMA’TICK. S from sperm.] 3. To be lost or wasted. 1. Seminal; consisting of seed. The sound spendetb, and is dissipated in the The primordials of the world are not mechaniopen air; but in such concaves it is conserved cal, but spermatical or vital. More. and contracted. Bacon. Metals and sundry meteors rude shapes have On mountains, it may be, mary dews fall, that no need of any particular principle of life, or spend before they come to the valleys. Bacon. spermutical form, distinct from the rest or mo4. To be employed to any use. tion of the particles of the matter. More. There have been cups and an image of Jupiter 2. Belonging to the sperm ; containing prade of wild vines; for the vines that they use for wine are so often cut, that their sap spendeth sperm. into the grapes. Bacon. The moisture of the body, which did before SPE'NDER. n. s. [from spend.] irrigate the parts, is drawn down to the sperma tical vessels. I. One who spends. Two different sexes must concur to their geneLet not your recreations be lavish spenders of ration: there is in both a great apparatus of speryour time; but healthful, short, and apt to re- matick vessels, wherein the more spirituous part Taylor. of the blood is by many digestions and circula2. A prodigal; a lavisher. tions exalted into sperm. Ray. Bishop Morton told the commissioners, who To SPE'RMATIZE.V. n. (from sperm.] To were to levy the benevolence, if they met with any that were sparing, to tell them that they yield seed. must needs have, because ihey laid up; and if Aristotle affirming that women do not sperthey were spenders, they must needs have, be- matice, and confer a receptacle, rather than escause it was seen in their port and manner of sential principles of generation, deductively inliving. Bacon. cludes both sexes in mankind. Brown, 3PE'ND THRIFT. n. s. [spend and thrift.) SPERMATOCE'LE. n. s. [caigua and anim! A prodigal; a lavisher. A rupture caused by the contraction of Bitter cold weather starved both the bird and the seminal vessels, and the semen fallo the spendthrift. L'Estrange. Bailey. Dryden. who gathers or treats of seeds. Dict. Most men, like spendthrift heirs, judge a little in hand better than a great deal to come. Locke. To SPERSE. v. a. (spersus, Lat.) To dis. The son, bred in sloth, becoines a spendibrift, perse ; to scatter. Not in use. a profligate, and goes out of the world a beggar. The wrathful wind, Which blows cold storms, burst out of Scythiau SPE'R ABLE. adj. [sperabilis, Lat.] Such That sperst those clouds, and in so short as as may be hoped. Not in use. thought We may cast it away, if it be found but a This dreadful shape was vanished to nought. bladder, and discharge it of so much as is vain and not sperable. Bacon. Spensera He making speedy way through spersed air, SPERM. n. s. [sperme, Fr. sperma, Lat.] And thro' the world of waters wide and deep, Seed ; that by which the species is con To Morpheus' house doth hastily repair. tinued. Fairy Queen. Some creatures bring forth many young ones To Spet. v. a. [spet in Scotland is a suat a burthen, and some but one: this may be perabundance of water : as, that tide or caused by the quantity of sperm required, or by fresh was a high spet.] To bring or pour the partitions of the womb, which may sever the abundantly. sperm. Bacon. There is required to the preparation of the Mysterious dame, sperm of animals a great apparatus of vessels, That ne'er art call’d but when the dragon womb many secretions, concoctions, reflections, and Of Stygian darkness spets her thickest gloom, circulations. Ray. Milton SPERMACE'TI. n. s. (Lat.] Corruptedly Stop thy cloudy ebon chair. pronounced parmasitty. To SPEW. v. a. [rpepan, Sax. speuwet, A particular sort of whale affords the Dutch.] oil whence this is made ; and that is 1. To vomit; to eject from the stomach. mew TO SPEw.v. n. A swordfish small him from the rest did suunder, finds fault with these authors, so far as they treat That in his throat him pricking softly under of matters within his spbere. Addison, His wide abyss, him forced forth to spew, Ye know the spheres and various tasks assign'd That all the sea did roar like heaven's thunder, By laws eternal to th' ætherial kind. l'ope. And all the waves were stain'd with filthy hue. The hermit's pray'r permitted, not approv'd; Spenser. Soon in an higher sýbere Eulogius mov'd. Harte. 2. To eject; to cast forth. TO SPHERE. v. a: [from the noun.] The glorious planet Sol, eye And when the fouler bottom speavs the black, Corrects the ill aspects of planets evil. sbaksp. The Stygian dye the tainted waters take. Dryd. 2. To form into roundness. 3. To eject with loathing. Light from her native east Keep my statutes, and commit not any of these To journey through the airy gloom began, abominations, that the land specu not you out. Spber'd in a radiant cloud; for yet the sum Leviticus. Milton Contentious suits ought to be spewed out, as the surfeit of courts. Bacon. SPHERICAL. adj. [spherique, Fr. from To vomit; to ease the SPHE'RICK. sphere.] stomach. 1. Round; orbicular; globular. He could have haul'd in What descent of waters could there be in a The drunkards, and the noises of the inn: spberical and round body, wherein there is nor But better 't was that they should sleep or speu high nor low? Raleigh. Than in the scene to offend or him or you. Though sounds spread round, so that there is Ben Jonson. an orb or spberical area of the sound, yet they SPE’wy. adj. [from spew.] Wet; fogky. go farthest in the forelines from the first local impulsion of the air. Bacon. A provincial word. The lower vallies in wet winters are so spervy, By discernment of the moisture drawn up in that they know not how to feed them. Mortin. vapours, we must know the reason of the spheric cal figures of the drops. Glanville. To SPHA'CEL ATE. v. a. (from sphacelus, A Ruid mass necessarily falls into a spherical medical Latin.] To affect with a gan. surface. Keil. grene. Where the central nodule was globular, the The long retention of matter splacelates the inner surface of the first crust would be spberick; brain. Sbarp. and if the crust was in all parts of the same thickTO SPHA'CELATE. v. n. To mortify; to ness, that whole crust would-be spbericul. Woodward. suffer the gangrene. The skin, by the great distension, having been 2. Planetary ; relating to the orbs of the rendered very thin, will, if not taken away, planets. spbacelate, and the rest degenerate into a can We make guilty of our disasters the sun, the cerous ulcer. Sbarp. moon, and stars, as if we were villains by spberie SPHA'CELUS. n. s. [cpex 0; sphacele, cal predominance. Sbakspeare. Fr.! A gangrene; a mortification. SPHERICALLY.adv. [from spherical.] In le is the ground of inflammgion, gangrene, form of a sphere. spbacelus. W'isemaan. SPHERICALNESS. n. s. [from sphere.] SPHERE. n. s. [sphere, Fr. sphæra, Lat.) SPHERICITY. Roundness; rotun1. A globe ; an orbicular body; a body of dity; globosity: which the centre is at the same distance Such bodies receive their figure and limits fron from every point of the circumference. such lets as hinder them from attaining to that First the sun, a mighty sphere, he fram’d sphericalness they aim at. Digby: Milton. Water consists of small, smooth, spherical, 2. Any globe of the mundane system, particles: their smoothness makes 'em slip easily What if within the moon's fair shining sphere, upon one another; the sphericity keeps 'em from What if in every other star unseen, touching one another in more points than one. Of other worlds he happily should hear? Cbeyne. Fairy Queen. SPHEROI'D. n. s, [opchuga and 9; sphora And then mortal cars oide, Fr.] A body oblong or oblate, apHad heard the musick of the spheres. Dryden. proaching to the form of a sphere. 3. A globe representing the earth or sky. They are not solid particles, by the necessity Two figures on the sides emboss'd appear; they are under to change their figures into obe Conon, and what's his name who made the long spberoids, in the capillary vessels. Cheyne. spbere, And shew'd the seasons of the sliding year ? Dry. SPHEROIDICAJ.. adj. [from spheroid.] 4. Orb; circuit of motion. Having the form of a spheroid. Half unsung, but narrower bound If these corpuscles be spberoidical, or oval, Within the visible diurnal spbere. Milton, their shortest diameters must not be much greate s. [from the sphere of activity ascribed to er than those of light. Cheyne. the power emanating from bodies.] Pro- SPHE'RULE. n.'s. [sphærula, Lat.] A little viuce ; compass of knowledge or action; globe. employment. Mercury is a collection of exceeding small, To be called into a huge sphere, and not to be vastly heavy, spberules. Cheyne. Seen to move in 't. Shakspeare: SPHINX, n. s. opirs.) A famous monster Of enemies he could not but contract good store, while moving in so high a sphere, and with in Egypt, that remaine.i by conjoined so vigorous a lustre. King. Cbaries. Nilus, having the face of a viririn, and Every man, versed in any particulat business, the body of a lion. Pracbain. a |