18,

MINERS' GREETING (10th S. iv. 348).- The “ Have you forgotten the story of Buddle, the greeting commonly heard here between pitmen well-known Tyneside mining engineer, who, when “What cheer?" The response to this is, he thought was a North Country pitman? He told

walking along the street with a friend, saw what "What cheer again ?” Sometimes the saluta- his friend what his thoughts were, and said he would tion is extended to “What cheer, marrow ?" soon test them. He called out, . How there?' and "What cheer, lad ?" or “What cheer, hinny?" the man turned round and said, . How where? we each given according to circumstances, and knas A'm here.' 'How there ?' is given in Brockett's replied to by “What cheer again ?”

'Glossary.'

R. B-R. A more abrupt, but very frequent greeting is the single word “How?” the aspirate

North of the Tyne, miners--or pitmen, as strongly emphasized, and the ow prolonged they are called —hail each other with “Ho, in a rising note. Often the form becomes marra. This word marra is uttered with “How there ?” the first syllable stressed. the Northumberland burr, which I cannot To either the reply is "How again ?" or render in print. With regard to "Ho," the

• “What cheer?”

natives never drop their h's. The phrase In all cases salutation and reply are given “Ho, marra," which is peculiar to the pitmen, alike inost heartily. The serious nature of may be anglicized “What cheer, mate?” the miner's calling tends to make him chary

GEORDIE. of his words as he goes to his work ; but when

“PIECE-BROKER” (10ch S. iv. 367).-I am disengaged he will throw a world of cordiality glad to be able to furnish, in reply to DR. into his “ Wh cheer, lad ?" or of tenderness MURRAY'S query, a clue to the probable into the greeting, “What cheer, hinny ?" R. OLIVER HESLOP.

nature of the piece-broker's calling. In my Newcastle-upon-Tyne.

collection of London trade tokens occurs on a

halfpenny token the name of “James Cole In the course of a recent third visit to in Graies-Inne, PEICE-BROKER”; and on a Bohemia it was my good fortune to visit the leaden bale-clip of about the same period are ancient mining town of Kutná Hora (Kutten- stamped the words "IN GRAY(s) (IN) (LA)NE, XX berg), where, according to tradition, the monk (yards)." The piece-broker was, there seems Antony found a vein of silver in the thirteenth little reason to doubt, the dealer in pieces century. King Premysl Ottokar I. erected or bales of woollen cloth, which, according to the place into a royal town, and Wen- the statute of 5 & 6 Edward VI., had to be ceslaus II. founded the mint Vlassky dvur packed in a particular way, and sealed with (Welsh or foreigners' court). Kutná Hora a leaden clip, on which the number of yards figured also during the wars of the grim was marked. It may reasonably be inferred Zizka with the Germans, and here it was that from the fact that there was a packer of Hussite captives were fung down a shaft woollen cloth in Gray's Inn Lane, and a piecesneeringly called "Tabor,” from the Hussite broker in close proximity, that the broker stronghold of that Biblical name. The church dealt in this particular commodity. Much of St. Barbara, dating from the fourteenth fuller information as to the trade will be century: was consecrated, after restoration, found in 'Rariora,' vol. i. pp. 101–2, and in on 15 October last by Bishop Doubravá of S. Williamson's work on Trade Tokens,' Königgrätz, and I had the honour of wit- i. 803-4.

J. ELIOT HODGKIN. nessing the ceremony and taking part in the

[Further replies next week.] official banquet given by the town. On this occasion the streets were adorned with flags

“TOTUM SUME, FLUIT” (10th S. iv. 350).and festoons bearing the old miners' saluta. This enigma formed the subject of an inquiry tion, “Zdar Buh !” i.e., God grant suc

in N. &

seven years ago, and the solution cess !” Joseph K. Tyl, author of the Cech (Vulturnus), together with two other vernational song, ‘Kde domov muj?' ('Where is sions, “both more poetically and classically my Home?') was born at Kutná Hora. expressed," appeared at gth S. i. 131. FRANCIS P. MARCHANT.

CHAS. GILLMAN. Streatham Common.

(Several other correspondents are thanked for

replies.] I wonder if the expression at parting one 80 often hears on Tyneside, "So long," WATERLOO VETERAN (10th S. iv. 347).shortened into “S’long," is what your corre. For fear some future student of longevity spondent wants. Its use, however, is not should find in ‘N. & Q. proof that a man confined to pitmen.

who fought in 1815 was living in 1905, it Mr. H. A. Adamson, of Tynemouth, thus would be well to place on record the fact writes to me :

that the investigations instigated by the

King showed John Vaughan was not at the (Sprung) from his native egg, he begins to weave, battle of Waterloo.

DAVID SALMON.

And weaves his web from his intestines; Swansea.

Ho weaves his web of winter,

And his webs are as bands of hoar-frost. The undoubted last survivor of the British The second, which is called a "literal trans arıny of the Netherlands who served at lation," runs as follows: Waterloo was Corporal Maurice Shea, 2nd from his peculiar egg he goes to weave, Battalion, 73rd Foot, afterwards a lieutenant And from his eggs he weaves his webs ; in the British Legion. He died at Sher- He weaves his winter webs, brooke, province of Quebec, in February, And his webs are yokes of ice. 1892, aged ninety-eight years.

BENJ. WALKER. ROBERT RAYNER.

Gravelly Hill, Erdington. Herne Hill, S.E.

A literal translation of the four lines, [Several other correspondents point out that supplied by a Welsh friend, is as follows: Vaughan's statement that he was at Waterloo is “From his own egg he goes to spin, and his untrue. MR. T. WHITE sends long extracts from The Liverpool Daily Post and Mercury of 18 and weavings of his eggs he weaves; he weaves 19 August bearing on the subject.]

his web in winter, and his weavings are

yokes of ice.” More freely rendered perhaps WELSH POEM (10th S. iv. 208).—MR. Platt thus: “From his own eggs the busy worm has not got this Welsh englyn correct, nor do bastens his brittle web to form ; like rings I believe he is correct in attributing it to in ice they seem to view, beauteous like Goronwy Owen; at least I have been unable those and brittle, too."

H. K. to trace it in that poet's published works. Apropos of the Welsh composition called an APPLEBY MAGNA GRAMMAR SCHOOL (10th S. englyn, Principal Rhys has written a learned iv. 288).-In Camden's Britannia' (Gibson, monograph dealing with its development, 1722) it is said that which has been recently published by the “Sir John Moore, Citizen, and once Lord Mayor of Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion, but London, built a very noble School - house, and that is by the way. There are slight variants endow'd it with extraordinary Salaries, for a Master of the englyn quoted by Mr. Pratt, but the (602.), an Usher (402.), and a Writing Master (201.);

with a convenient house and outhouses for each.” following, I believe, is the correct version :O'i wiw wy i wau e a :-o'i

Sir John Moore, who was a Leicestershire

wyau Ei weau e wea;

man, was Alderman of Walbrook ; M.P. for E weuae ei wo aua

the City; and president of Christ's Hospital, A'i weau yw ieuau ia.

to which also he was a great benefactor. It will be noticed that the four lines rime, The latter school has a portrait of him, and onding each in the vowel "a." The last two there is another at Grocers' Hall (* The words in the first line, which are known in Citizens of London and their Rulers from Welsh prosody as "y geirian cyrch " (the 1060 to 1867,' by R. B. Orridge, F.G.S., 1867, recurrent words), although printed at the pp. 238-9). By statutes in 1706 the school end of the first line, are considered as belong. was made free for all England. The foundaing to the second, and, in accordance with the tion is under the direction of thirteen rule, alliterate with the first two words in governors ; and the second line. It is by no means easy to “since 1708 [3.e., to 1821) abore 2,000 persons have give a literal translation of the englyn, but been educated here. The celebrated Dr. Johnson the following is an attempt at one.

The would have been elected Master of the School in subject is the spider :-

1738 could he have obtained the degree of M.A.

Mr. Glover, celebrated for the perfection to which From his apt egg he goeth to weave :-from his eggs he carried the art of drawing in water-colours, comHis webs he weaveth;

menced his career in life as a writing.master in this He weaveth his winter web,

school.”—Gentleman's Magazine, 1821, part i. p. 17. And his webs are yokes of ice.

D. M. R.

J. HOLDEN MacMICHAEL. In The Gentleman's Magazine for May, 1796,

JOLIFFE FAMILY OF DORSET (10th S. iv. 307). p. 424, the following lines on the silkworm - It may help MR. W. D. PINK to know that are given as a specimen of the peculiar struc- a damesake of Capt. Peter Jolliffe (ob. 1730) ture of the Welsh language :

was living in 1654 at Tredidan, in the parish O'i wiw wy i wau ê â

of Egloskerry, Cornwall. By his wife Anne, Ai weuau o'i wyau ê a weua

Peter Jolliffe, of Tredidad, had a daughter E a weua wé aia

Mary, who married Anthony Munday (ob. Ai weuau yw ei ieuau o iâ.

8 Oct., 1677). She died soon after 1654. Two translations are added. The first is :- leaving a son Anthony, who died s.p., and

:

6

a

two daughters, Mary and Anne. Mary his pathetic death in the arms of the countessé married, firstly, Henry Erisey, of Tredidan on his arrival in the Syrian land has always (marriage settlement 22 July, 1676); secondly, been a favourite theme for poets. Petrarca. Abel French, of co. Cornwall, Esq. Anne in his 'Trionfo d'Amore'sings of married Henry Neilder, of Anthony, co. Corn- Gianfrè Rudel, ch' usò la vela e'l remo wall, gent. (Chancery Bills and Answers A cercar la sua morte. before 1714, Ham. 598, French v. Bligh.) Browning_has a lovely poem on the subjects.

GEORGE F, T. SHERWOOD. entitled "Rudel to the Lady of Tripoli'; and 50, Beecroft Road, Brockley, S.E.

Swinburne, in 'The Triumph of Time,' refers AUTHORS OF QUOTATIONS WANTED (10th to this hapless martyr of love in the passageS. iv. 168, 197, 237, 294). -The lines of Moore beginning and the words quoted by PROF. SKEAT, There lived a singer in France of old “We'll add the night unto the day," seem

By the tideless dolorous midland sea. to have been anticipated in French :

In France the story has formed the subject Ce que j'ôte à mes nuits, je l'ajoute à mes jours.

of a famous drama, 'La Princesse Lointaine," Sainte · Beuve says that Venceslas speaks

by Edmond Rostand, in which the countessthe verse.

I think that Rotrou wrote a play of Tripoli is named “Mélissinde.” The part called "Venceslas,' and I assume that the was taken by Madame Sarah Bernhardt. verse is in his play.

E. YARDLEY.

The life of Rudel is beautifully told by

Giovanni di Nostra Dama, in a work trans[Rotrou's 'Venceslas' was produced in 1647. It is taken from a drama by Francesco de Rojas, the lated into Italian by G. Giudici, and entitled title of which in English is "He who is a King must 'Le Vite delli piu celebri et antichi primi not be a Father.' An alteration by Marmontel poeti provenzali (1575). In this account there was subsequently given at the Comédie Française. is no name given to the Countess of Tripoli. We do not know where the line appears.]

I cannot find the name Melisanda" as the CONCERTS OF ANTIENT MUSIC” (10th S. iii. name of the countess earlier than Heine. 488 ; iv. 49, 335).-The remarkably fine series

A. L. MAYHEW. of annual programmes H. A. W. possesses “THE MOST ELOQUENT OF ANCIENT WRITERS" does not solely refer to the Tottenham Street (10th S. iv. 287).- Quintilian, 'Inst. Orator.,' The “Concerts of Antient Music"

lib. i. § ii., discusses at great length, and in were held here from 1776 to 1795, then

a most masterly way, the pros and cons of removed to the concert-room at the Opera- keeping a boy at hoine and sending him away House; they were finally transferred to the to school. He sees dangers in both systems : Hanover Square Rooms in 1804 (see ante,

Corrumpi mores in scholis putant: nam et G. F. R. B.'s reply). The title-page quoted corrumpuntur interim : sed domi quoque. Adsunt is really only the half-title or dedication; multa eius rei exempla, tam læse hercle quam the real title clearly states the place where conservatæ sanctissime utrobique opinionis.” the concerts were held each season. Of the

H. A. STRONG. “Hanover Square Series" there is evidently little difference between the 1804 and 1848 eldest son and heir of Richard Fermour,

FERMOR (10th S. iv. 289).-Sir John Fermor, volumes; we note a change of editor, but otherwise they are identical in size, binding, Vaux, Knt., Lord Vaux, of Harrowden (who

married Maud, daughter of Sir Nicholas arrangement of matter, &c.

ALECK ABRAHAMS.

died before him, on 14 April, 1569, and was. 39, Hillmarton Road.

buried at Easton-Neston), and by her he had

living, at the time of his decease :MÉLISANDE: ETTARRE (10th S. iv. 107, 156). 1. George Fermor, Esq., his son and heir. No, certainly Maeterlinck did not invent the 2. Nicholas, who died unmarried. former name. The name “Melisanda” (and 3. Richard, who married Dionysia, daugh“Melisande ') may be found in two poems ter of Robert Tanfield, of Burford, in by Heine, in Geoffroy Rudel und Melisande Oxfordshire, Esq., by whom he had an only von Tripoli' and in ‘Jehuda ben Halevy.' In daughter Catherine, first married to Philip both of these poems “Melisanda occurs as Goddard, Esq.; secondly, to Sir Richard the name of the famous Countess of Tripoli Wonman, of Tame, in Oxfordshire, Knt. (in Syria), the lady who was the object of the Also three daughters : Catherine, married love and homage of Geoffrey Rudel, the Pro- to Michael Poulteney, of Misterton, in vençale troubadour, though he had never Leicestershire, Esq., and secondly to Sir seen her, and nearly thọ whole length of the Henry Darcey, Knt.; Anne, wedded to Sir midland sea" separated the two lovers. The Edward Leigh, of Shawel, in Leicestershire, story of Rudel's passionate devotion and of Knt.; and Mary, espoused to Sir Thomas

rooms.

6

Lucas, of St. John's, in Colchester, in the mon prisons and soon condemned. Amongst county of Essex, Knt.; she died 5 July, those at Dr. Belhomme's establishment were 1613, and is buried in St. Giles's Church in the Duchesse de Gramont and her friend Colchester.

the Duchesse du Châtelet. “En vérité, Sir John Fermor was made one of the Madame du Châtelet said one day to Knights of the Carpet at Westminster on Belhomme, vous n'êtes pas raisonnable, et 2 October, 1553, the day after the coronation il m'est, à mon vif regret, impossible de vous of Queen Mary. During her reign he was satisfaire." "Allons, ma grosse," answered “chose Knight of the shire for the county of North. Belhomme, “sois bonne fille. je te ferai remise ampton in two Parliaments; and was Sheriff of the d'un quart”; but even this she and the county in the 4th and 5th of Philip and Mary. He Duchesse de Gramont could not pay. They died on December 12th, 1571, at little St. Bartholo had to leave, and a few days after were mew's, in London, and from thence was brought to his house at Easton · Neston, and buried in the guillotined, Belhomme remarking, "Que ces parisin church there on Thursday the 20th of the dames périssaient victimes d'une économie same month, with great solemnity, the Officers mal entendue.” CONSTANCE RUSSELL of Arms attending, his funeral.”-See 'Collins's Swallowfield. Peerage of Eogland,' augmented by Sir Egerton Brydges, 1812, vol. iv. pp. 198, 202, 8.v. 'Fermor,

Full information on this point will be found Earl of Pomfret.'

in Dauban's 'Prisons de Paris sous la RévolaThe reference given regarding the deaths tion' (Plon, 1870); Lenôtre, Paris Révoluof Sir John Fermor and his wife is "Funeral tionnaire' (Perrin, 1896); Barth, 'Histoire des Certificate, MS. I. 16, p. 106, in Offic. Armor.”

" Prisons' (1840); Madame la Comtesse Bobm, Richard Fermour in the time of his pros- Prisons en 1793'; Pottet, 'Histoire de la perity had in his service as jester Will Conciergerie.' An interesting account of the Somers, who when he was afterwards the life inside is given in the ‘Mémoires du Comto king's jester persuaded Henry VIII. to order Beugrot'(Dentu, 1868), vol. i., of which there a restitution of estates to his former master. is an English translation, Life and AdvenOnly part of his estates were restored to tures of Count Beugnot' (Hurst & Blackett, him, and those not till the fourth year of 1871). The · Mémoires de Monseigneur de Edward VI. (p. 199).

Salomon, l'Internonce à Paris pendant la Some of the above appears in the 'Dic- Révolution' (Paris, Plon-Nourrit, 1892), give tionary of National Biography,' s.v. 'Fermor a striking account of the massacre of Šepor Fermour, Richard.' ROBERT PIERPOINT.

tember. Probably Dauban and Beugnot will

give all that E. W.-L. wants. I think the Sir John Fermor, son and heir of Richard Anglaises” was intended for women ; but Fermour, of Easton-Neston, co. Northampton, in the Carmes, Conciergerie, &c., the sexes and Anne, daughter of Sir William Brown, lived together. R. W. PHIPPS, Lord Mayor of London, his wife, was

Colonel late Royal Artillery. knighted 2 October, 1553, and married Maud,

E. W.-L. can get the information he wants

, Vaux of Harrowden. He died at little St. Bar in the book 'La Conciergerie du Palais de tholomew's, in London, 12 December, 1571, Paris, 1031 à 1900,' published in Paris by the tholomew's

, in London, 12 December, 1571, Société Française d'Éditions d'Art, g, Rue and was buried at Easton - Neston. Issue, three sons and three daughters. The eldest,

G. T. P.

Bonaparte. Catherine, married twice : 1. Michael Poulte- Abundant references to the literature on ney, of Misterton, in Leicestershire ; 2. Sir prison life in Paris during the Terror are Henry Darcey, Knt. John RADCLIFFE. given in Stephens's 'French Revolution,'

vol. ii. ch. x. pp. 345-6.

IDA FITZMAURICE PRISONS IN PARIS DURING THE REVOLUTION (10th S. iv. 349).—When the prisons were CIVIL WAR EARTHWORKS (10th S. iv. 328).So gorged with prisoners that they could At a distance of 1,850 feet to the south-east hold no more, Fouquier-Tinville established of Walmgate Bar, in the walls of York, auxiliary places of confinement for those who stands Lamel Hill, a tumulus of Anglian he thought could pay for this privilege. The origin, which was considerably raised and chief one was kept by Belhomme, a mad- utilized as an earth work by the besieging doctor, and they found it a very good specu- force in the siege of York, 1644. lation, as every one tried to get there. So excavated by Ďr. Thurnam, who found long as the prisoners were able to pay the numerous vestiges of the Parliamentarian exorbitant prices, their lives were safe, but occupation(vide Archæological Journal, vol. vi. so soon as they came to the end of their p. 36). resources they were transferred to the com- There is another earthwork due west of

It was

a

the city, at a distance of 2,347 feet from the sentation of one, and that may be seen in western angle of the walls, which it is highly the ancient church of St. Mary at Worstead, probable dates from the same period, although situated some three miles from North Walno excavations have hitherto been made to sham (Norfolk). There we find St. Wilgedetermine its age. This is a roughly square- fortis, clothed, and wearing crown, sided intrenchment on the summit of Holgate suspended to a cross by ropes. In some old Hill, the length of the sides being about illustrations abroad of this virgin martyr 45 yards. Standing little less than 100 she is shown bearded, the unnatural growth feet above the Ordnance Survey datum, it having, tradition says, been obtained by commands the Tadcaster, Wetherby, and prayer as a protection of her chastity. Boroughbridge Roads, while its elevation Husenbeth, in ‘Emblems of Saints' (third gave it an important position for the bom- edition, 1882), mentions St. Julia (23 May, bardment of the walls.GEORGE A. AUDEN. 443) and St. Eulalia (10 December, 290), both York.

of whom suffered death by crucifixion. FEMALE CRUCIFIXES (10th S. iv. 230). -Under Iesv Christi Crvcifixi, printed at the Plantin

In a very rare book entitled "Trivmphvs the names of Uncumber, Débarras, Gehulf, Press at Antwerp, 1608, no fewer than ten Eutropia, Wilgefortis, Liberata, &c., the saint full-page illustrations occur of female martyrs referred to by MR. E. S. Dodgson as Librada suffering death by crucifixion. has had many devotees, and she has before now occupied the attention of the readers is kept at Bayona upon 20 July.

MR. DODGSON mentions St. Librada's Day

This and writers of N. & Q.'; vide 1st S. ii. 381; will

, therefore, be a local festival, as in the ii. 404; 2nd S. ix. 164, 174; 4th $. vi. 559; Spanish calendar that date is given as the gth S. x. 24, 78, 122, 166, 246. She is com- feast of St. Elias the Prophet. memorated on 20 July, and may be read of in

HARRY HEMS. Baring-Gould's 'Lives of the Saints' in pages

Fair Park, Exeter. devoted to the hagiology of that day. The legend concerning her is briefly this. She SPLITTING FIELDS OF ICE (10th S. iv. 325).was the daughter of a king of Portugal, who MR. THOMAS BAYNE will find that not all the wished her to marry a king of Sicily. Being poets have thought of frost as performing a vowed to virginity, she prayed for, and ob

1 silent ministry." (And, if he quotes Coletained, a beard, moustache, and whiskers, ridge's 'Frost at Midnight,' should not the and so became abhorrent to the suitor. Her word be secret ministry ?) Doubtless Wordsbaffled parent caused her to be crucified. worth, in the passage quoted from "The

The image of Sainte Wilgeforte at Prelude,' referred to a thaw inducing the air St. Etienne's, Beauvais, moved M. J. K. to utter a “protracted yelling,” but Thomson Huysmans to pen the article headed Sainte evidently had heard, or heard of, air growling Débarras' in De Tout,' pp. 273-80. In an under ice during a frost, and of its escaping appendix (pp. 309–11) he coufesses that when roar at thaw - time too. As witness The he wrote the story of this saint he thought Seasons : Winter':her cult was confined to Beauvais, but finds

The loosen'd ice, the case is otherwise. and states that at Let down the flood, and half dissolved by day, Wattetot-sur-Mer, in Normandy, there are

Rustles no more ; but to the sedgy bank two statues of her (one quite modern), which

Fast grows, or gathers round the pointed stone, are visited by crowds of pilgrims on 20 July.

A crystal pavement, by the breath of heaven She is also honoured at Wittefleur and at

Ceniented firm; till, seized from shore to shore,

The whole imprison'd river growls below. Fauville, both in Normandy, and at Wissant, And later on, of the thawing floes of ocean:in the Pas-de-Calais. M. Huysmans asserts

Those sullen seas that relics of Sainte Débarras are preserved That wash'd th' ungenial pole will rest no more at Mazères, in the Hautes - Pyrénées. Mr. Beneath the shackles of the mighty north ; Baring-Gould's teaching is that the body is But, rousing all their waves, resistless heave. "at Siguenza, in Spain, but other relics, in

And hark! the lengthening roar continuous runs dulgenced by Pope Urban VIII., existed in

Athwart the rifted deep: at once it bursts, Brussels before 1695."

St. SWITHIN.

And piles a thousand mountains to the clouds.

Haply, by the way, I may be allowed a Many instances are recorded of female word of regret that Thomson is now so sadly saints suffering martyrdom by crucifixion. and unreasonably neglected. No publisher That of S. Librada at Bayona, mentioned by thinks of issuing a leather-bound reprint of MR. DODGSON, is not an exceptional case. I Thomson's poems; and yet (as the great remember only a single instance, however, in Doctor said) "he thinks always as a man this country, of a mediæval painted repre- of genius ; he looks round on nature and on