Civil Service Commission. A proof of the esteem in which Sir James was held by his colleagues may be found in the fact that on the completion of the west wing of Somerset House he was presented with a gold medal subscribed for by seventy-five of the leading architects of the metropolis; and in 1865 he received the Royal Gold Medal placed at the disposal of the Royal Institute of British Architects. The design of the Record Office, Chancery Lane, may not commend itself to many at the present day, but Pennethorne's design was completed by Sir John Taylor, of the Office of Works, and earned for him the distinction of K.C.B. JOHN HEBB. Readers PARLIAMENTARY WHIPS. of N. & Q' may be interested to observe from the following transcript of a MS. in my possession that parliamentary "whips" are of considerable antiquity. The letter is written by some clerk, but signed by Lord North himself. SIR,-As the new parliament which is summoned for the 31st of this month is immediately to proceed on the Dispatch of Public Business in which matters of very great Importance will come before the House; I hope you will excuse the Liberty I take in apprizing you thereof, being persuaded your Zeal for the Public Service will induce you to attend the Meeting. I am with the greatest respect, Sir selling. We all agreed that it would cost more to replace the room in tenantable repair than the oak was worth. It was encrusted with paint, nails had been freely used, and at one time all had been covered with wall-paper. In 1903 this oak was put up for sale by auction, looking dirty and generally in a miserable condition. To everybody's astonishment it realized 550 guineas, and was bought for the Albert and Victoria Museum, who, I presume, have added cost of removal, &c., as they put the price at 6067. 7s. 6d. It has been re-erected there; but how marvellous is the transformation that skilled hands have brought about! It now looks worth double the price given for it, and is undoubtedly a fine specimen of old English oak and English workmanship. Of course Grinling Gibbons's name at once for attributing the work to him. occurs to the visitor; but there is no authority Penhallow, who occupied the room from 1688 The label says the oak was put up for John till his death in 1716. Over the fireplace is a shield of arms, Penhallow quartering Penwarn. Is anything known about him? There is an account in Boase and Courtney's Bibliotheca Cornubiensis' of Samuel Penhallow (1665-1726), who embarked for New England and arrived there 1686. RALPH THOMAS. TWIZZLE-TWIGS.-This name of the jointed rush, Juncus articulatus, in NORTH. use here, is not mentioned in the English Dialect J. P. STILWELL. Yateley, Hants. and most faithful humble servant, Downing Street, 17th October, 1780. It would be worth knowing at what date the Dictionary.' custom originated. H. [Many articles on Whips in the House of Commons will be found in 8th S. iv., v., vi., vii., viii.] "INFANT PHENOMENON." The "Infant Phenomenon," daughter of Mr. Vincent Crummles, has long been known to us, though it is not so well remembered that Dickens had previously caused Sam Weller to give the like nickname to the Fat Boy. But there were brave men before Agamemnon, and a much earlier use of the term is to be found in the following extract from The Times of Saturday, 20 October, 1804 :— "Amongst the infantine phenomena of the day may be justly reckoned a boy, not four years old, the son of Mr. Wigley, music-seller, opposite St. Clement's Church, in the Strand, who performs the most difficult passages on the bugle-horn with all the full-toned powers of a regimental trumpeter. ALFRED F. ROBBINS. JOHN PENHALLOW.-Some years ago several of the members of Clifford's Inn inspected an old oak room at No. 3 in the Inn, with the view of determining if the oak was worth ROCKEFELLER.-This name is attracting the curious attention of those taking an interest in American genealogy. So far the familyhistory explorer, whether amateur or trained, has gathered in little worth recording. Kegs of ink, in sooth, have been wasted by newspaper and magazine scribblers in vainly. trying to explain and disclose the business steps of a certain individual enjoying the cognomen, one J. D. Rockefeller, of Cleveland, Ohio, of Standard Oil Company notoriety, largely because of his having attained that preeminently solitary position, viz., of being "the richest man in the world." By the side of his accumulations the combined wealth of the European Rothschilds is a bare United States is to be believed. zero mark, if public opinion throughout the His forbears appear to have originated in the British Isles, despite the odd, hard patronymic appellation which is his; I say hard, knowing our national American weakness, outside of Indian designation, to generalize the majority of queer surnames under "Dutchy" probably taken from a German original. The or "Frenchy.' That clever creature Miss book has long been out of print, and it might Tarbell, in her voluminous, quite ferocious be worth while for some publisher to reissue biography of Mr. Rockefeller, pretends to it. JOHN HEBB. have traced his will-o'-the-wisp grandfather to a natal spot in Western Massachusetts called Mud Creek. No such spot exists. Moreover, no early trace of the surname is found in any of the New England States. Except when "raised" out in the Far West, the New Englander seldom uses the word "creek" to denote a brook. Now it is beginning to be whispered that the first Rockefeller to illuminate the American continent (labelled Rockafellow) was none other than an indigent, untitled, hard-headed, hardworking, seventeenth century immigrant yeoman, emitting the rough irregular early Saxon English" peculiar to one Scotland. In view of this whispering I shall be glad to be favoured with examples of Rockefeller either as a British place-name or full-fledged British surname of late or early days. Boston, Massachusetts. Queries. 06 raised J. G. C. in WE must request correspondents desiring in formation on family matters of only private interest to affix their names and addresses to their queries, in order that answers may be sent to them direct. 'KING NUTCRACKER.' There is a little Christmas book of which the title-page runs: King Nutcracker and the Poor Boy Reinhold, a Christmas Story with Pictures. Rendered into English Verse, from the celebrated German Work of Heinricn Hoffman, by A. H. Published by W. S. Orr & Co. 1854." Who was A. H.? The verses are unequal, but are rather cleverly turned, as, for example, the following: The King makes sign; and prodigy! I am inclined to think that Struwelpeterie is an interpolation of the translator A. H. The illustrations to the book appear to have been designed by Alfred Crowquill, and are QUEEN ELIZABETH'S PORTRAIT IN HOLYROOD.-In the Palace of Holyrood there is a portrait of Queen Elizabeth, traditionally reported to have been a birthday gift from her to Queen Mary. This is doubtful, as the painting is considered to belong to the school of Gheeraedts, a painter who did not come to England till 1580, when Queen Mary was a prisoner far from Holyrood. Lately, a version of this picture has been discovered at Siena, supposed to have been a present to the Grand Duke about 1588. This painting differs from the other only in the background. The Queen holds in her left hand a colander, inscribed in both paintings with the following legend: A TERRA IL BEN-IL MAL DIMORA IN SELLA; which may be interpreted "The good [falls] to the ground; the evil remains in the saddle." At first sight I was inclined to suspect that this inscription upon the Holyrood portrait had been added sarcastically by some devoted adherent of Queen Mary; but its repetition on the Siena painting puts this out of the question. It is evidently a reference to the sifting action of the colander, allowing the good material to fall through, and retaining the bad. I should feel grateful were anybody well acquainted with Italian literature able to recognize the sentence as a quotation or proverbial saying. HERBERT MAXWELL. TOBY'S DOG.-Can you give me any explanation of the following extract from Domestic State Papers,' vol. xlvii., at the Record Office? 1640, Feb. 22. John Ashton, prisoner in the Fleet, was fined 2001. for making a preachment on Toby's dog." R. O. ASSHETON. The Gable House, Bilton, Rugby. HERALDIC.-Can any of your readers kindly say whose the following arms were?-Argent, a chevron sable charged with a bezant or, between three mullets of the third. SADI. MAIDLOW.-Will some reader kindly explain the etymology of the name Maidlow? Was the name known before the year 1800? W. "PASSIVE RESISTER."-Is there any literary history for this phrase? Who is the coiner of the current term? In Edersheim's 'Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah,' chap. v. p. 67 (first published October, 1883), occurs the following reference to the Jewish slaves at Rome and their Huttons of that ilk came over with William tenacious clinging to their customs: "How the Conqueror, and where I could find their far they would carry their passive resistance pedigree from that time? My father was appears from a story told by Josephus." a Hutton of that ilk; and my great-greatLUCIS. grandfather died at Berwick at the age of 100. AUTHORS OF QUOTATIONS WANTED :Love [Fame?] flees from the cold one, But leaps to the bold one Halfway. With kind confiding eyes raised up to his, A maiden's dreaming Of words such as mother and wife, To make out the riddle of life. W. R. Into which branch of Robertsons of Struan did Thomas Hutton marry in 1802? His wife was Janet Robertson, who had a brother Alexander. The maiden name of Janet's mother was Urquhart. I should like to trace her family. I should also like to learn about the family Hepburn. One daughter married Thomas (or James) Lidderdale. of Castle Milk. They had one daughter, Maria. I possess their "THE URIANI.”—In 'Transcaucasia,' by married James Lidderdale; she would be my portraits. A Miss Fullerton, of Aberdeen, Baron von Haxthausen (1854), there is, on p. 140, an account of a sect of Jewish great-great-grandmother. I should also like Christians, or Christian Jews, named Uriani, to find her people. She died 25 August, who are said to acknowledge Christ as the 1772. Please reply direct. Messiah whilst retaining the usages of the (Mrs.) E. C. WIENHOLT. 1, Palliser Court, West Kensington. Mosaic law. They have no knowledge, it is said, of the New Testament, but assert the FULHAM BRIDGE.-I shall be glad if any existence of a book by Longinus, or at least one can give me the name of the artist and a transcript of it, containing the teachings of engraver of coloured print entitled 'A View the Saviour, which book they say is pre-of Fulham Bridge and Putney-La Veue du served with great secrecy. Is this account to be trusted? and, if so, is there still any trace of such a sect? The locality assigned to them is the district of Derbend. C. LAWRENCE FORD. Bath. F. H. CAMPBELLS IN THE STRAND. . Can any reader state who the Campbell was of Middleton & Campbell, goldsmiths, 1692, and who the Campbell was of Campbell & Coutts, bankers, 1755? Both firms conducted their business at the sign of the "Three Crowns," near Durham Yard. W. M. GRAHAM EASTON. TIMOTHY BUCK was elected to Trinity College, Cambridge, from Westminster School in 1748, aged eighteen, but his name does not appear in the Trinity admissions. I should be glad to obtain particulars of his career, and the date of his death. G. F. R. B. Pont de Fulham regardant Putney.' From the costume of the people represented, it appears to have been executed in the last quarter of the eighteenth century. HERBERT SOUTHAM. "JAN KEES."-In Dr. Jespersen's 'Growth Miss Caroline Spurgeon's essay Heidelberg, Germany. CHALONER: THOMAS MEIGHEN: THE FORS HUTTON: HEPBURN: LIDDERDALE.-Would TUNATE BOY.-Can any old Salopian give any readers of 'N. & Q.' tell me if the me, in your columns, further information regarding the above than can be found in the Blakeway MS. Was any record kept of a master who comes down to us vaguely as "Black Hugh"? I have heard him spoken of also as "6 Black Evans." The history of the "Fortunate Boy" would be worth writing. What happened to him after he left school and squandered his supposed fortune? My information, after a diligent search, stops short at a recountal of his discovery over a bottle of wine. He claimed, it seems, that the wine had been grown on his Sicilian vineyards, but unfortunately the cork flaunted the name of a well-known London wine merchant. An inquisitive guest discovered the difference between hard fact and a charming story. PERCY ADDLESHAW. These are the Romans, a people bold, Most famous of all the natious old, Who conquered the Britons, a barbarous race, &c. And so on to Victoria, Our sovereign fair and young, Whose plaudits flow from every tongue, Beplies. PIG: SWINE: HOG. (10th S. iv. 407, 449.) Ar the latter reference the clearest example of "pig" used in the modern sense before 1840 is that from Boswell. It was in August, 1784, probably, that Miss Seward told Johnson of the learned pig she had seen at Nottingham. The story is given in her own words in the first edition of Boswell, 1791. Somebody had remarked that great torture must have been employed in training the animal. " Certainly, (said the Doctor ;) but. (turning to me,) how old is your pig?' I told him, three years old. Then, (said he,) the pig has no cause to complain......"" Thus, the age being given, we have a clear example, such as DR. MURRAY requires. A still earlier example, only less decisive, occurs in Boswell's Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides,' under date 24 October, 1773. Johnson then said, "The Peers have but to oppose a candidate to ensure him success. It is said the only way to make a pig go forward, is to pull him back by the tail. These people devoted an essay (in which of his works?) to must be treated like pigs." Leigh Hunt "the graces and anxieties of pig-driving," and it seems reasonable to suppose that, where driving is concerned, the adults and not merely the juveniles are intended. In 1757, reviewing Jonas Hanway's 'Essay on Tea' (1756), Johnson wrote: "To raise the fright still higher, he quotes an account of a pig's tail scalded with tea, on which, however, he does not much insist" ('Works,' ed. Murphy, 1824, ii. 338). A reference to Hanway's essay, appended to his Journal of Eight Days' Journey, from Portsmouth to Kingston-upon-Thames,' might perhaps settle the status of this unfortunate pig. When Boswell wrote to his friend Erskine on 2 Dec., 1761, "I am just now returned from eating a most excellent pig with the most magnificent Donaldson" (Correspondence,' edited by Birkbeck Hill, 1879, p. 20), he no doubt referred to sucking-pig. Charles Lamb's famous 'Dissertation upon Roast Pig' of course refers to the same dish. The Niece of William Fourth, the last king who first accident which led to the discovery of reigned. the dainty befell 'a fine litter of newfarrowed pigs"; and the epicure expressly explains: I speak not of your grown porkers-things between pig and porkthese hobbledehoys-but a young and tender suckling." Johnson's usual word for the animal was undoubtedly "hog." Thus on 14 July, 1763, he said of an impudent fellow from Scotland (Macpherson): "He would tumble in a hog-friend Newton. One couplet usually assigned stye, as long as you looked at him" (Hill's to the latter is perhaps the original of the 'Boswell,' i. 432). On 16 September, 1777, phrase "to go the whole hog": speaking of the character of a valetudinarian: But for one piece they thought it hard "Sir, he brings himself to the state of a hog in From the whole hog to be debarred. a stye" (Hill, iii. 152). Johnson having likened In 1799 Southey wrote a poem entitled Gray's Odes to cucumbers raised in a hot-The Pig' ('Poetical Works,' ed. 1849, iii. 65), bed, a gentleman unluckily said: "Had in which the word seems to be used in its they been literally cucumbers, they had been generic sense. "Woe to the young posterity better things than Odes.' 'Yes, Sir (said of pork" is the only line which suggests the Johnson), for a hog' (Langton's recollections contrary. DR. MURRAY may perhaps note in 'Boswell,' 1780, Hill, iv. 13). In the account for registration among the compounds of of Raasay in his 'Journey to the Western 'pig":Islands' (1775) Johnson remarks, "I never saw a hog in the Hebrides except one at Dunvegan" (Works,' edited by Murphy, 1824, viii. 281). Later in the same book we find: "In my memory it was a precept annually given in one of the English almanacks, to kill hogs when the moon was increasing, and the bacon would prove the better in boiling" (ibid., 342). Possibly Boswell was using the word sow in the generic sense mentioned by DR. MURRAY when he translated Mouach, the Erse name of the Isle of Muck, as 'the Sows' Island" ('Hebrides,' 18 September). In Johnson's account of their tour (p. 293 of the edition above cited) we read: The proper name is Muack, which signifies swine." 66 On turning to other writers we find Gilbert White, in The Natural History of Selborne' (1789), using all three words precisely in Dr. Johnson's dictionary sense. Thus in letter 31 (1770) he speaks of the "little pigs" of the hedgehog; "swine" (plural) have been known to be guilty of murder (letter 52, 1773); "where hogs are not much in use......the coarser animal oils will come very cheap' (letter 68. 1775); "barrow-hogs have also small tusks, like sows" (letter 74, 17761); "the natural term of a hog's life is little known......; however, my neighbour......kept a half-bred Bantam SOW. .till she was advanced to her seventeenth year" (letter 75, 1776); this sow produced once above twenty at a litter; but, as there were near double the number of pigs to that of teats, many died......she was allowed to have been the fruitful parent of three hundred pigs" (ibid.). Cowper's poem entitled 'The Love of the World Reproved; or, Hypocrisy Detected' (Globe edition, p.368), is a parable based on the Mussulman's ingenious evasion of the Prophet's prohibition of pork. It contains the words hog and swine (singular), but not pig. The poem was printed in Cowper's first volume, 1782, but had already appeared in The Leeds Journul (when ?) with additions by Cowper's] All alteration man could think, would mar A better-known poem of Southey's is the Go to the forest, piggy, and deplore See how the young pigs fly from the great boar, And see how coarse and scantily they dine. "Pig" is descriptive of the animal all through its career : And when, at last, the closing hour of life, Arrives (for pigs niust die as well as men). The word 'swine," it may be observed, plural. A pig, presumably adult, also figures occurs in this poem both as singular and as in 'The Devil's Walk' or 'The Devil's Thoughts,' a joint production by Southey and |