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in 1494 leaves "to the chirch of Litle Cotes a had a brother named Edward, who had a son Missale, the which I lent to theme.”_ At p. 161, | Richard, mentioned in Richard Foley's will, dated Robert Herste in 1498/9 wills, "To the same 1657, as son of my brother Edward," but this church my Messe book, otherwise named a Richard was baptized at Dudley, May 24, 1618, Messall." At p. 201, Dame Joan Chamberleyn three years prior to the marriage of Edward Foley in 1501/2 bequeaths on Messall, on chales w with Joan Brindley. Was Joan a second wife of patene." At p. 247, William Dyneley in 1506 this Edward; and did he have any issue by her? leaves to "ye chapell in Holbek my Messall, my Who was Thomas Jackson, of Bristol? Perhaps portus in prynte." some Bristol correspondent can help me. H. SYDNEY GRAZEBROOK.

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Mr. W. H. St. John Hope (to whom I am also indebted for the first of these references) points out to me another instance of the word Missall in

English in his and Mr. Cox's book, 'Chronicles of All Saints', Derby' (London, 1881, p. 229), where an inventory of 1466 begins with "In primis ij.

Missals or mas boks."

Grove Park, Chiswick.

give me any information about a picture painted PICTURE OF CONFERENCE.-Can any reader by a Mr. J. Smetham in 1863? It represents a conference between thirteen New Zealanders in Mr. Simmons, in the same invaluable work, like to know who are the people represented, for native dress and four English people. I should seems also to hint that the word corporal instead whom was the picture painted, for what price, and of "corporas " is a modern importation from any other particulars I can gather. From "Hist. abroad (p. 185, note). There may be found, how- of Lincoln" being painted in small letters on the ever, in the Booke of Common Prayer for Scot-back of a book in the picture, it is possible that land (Edinburgh, 1637) the direction to " Cover the town of Lincoln may have some connexion with a fair linen cloth or corporal" the consewith it. INQUIRER. crated elements after communion. But I must own that I have been unable to find, up to this time, the word Breviary as a substitute for Portus. J. WICKHAM LEGG,

Queries.

We must request correspondents desiring information on family matters of only private interest, to affix their names and addresses to their queries, in order that the answers may be addressed to them direct,

BUSBY.-The military head-dress of Hussars 30 called is, according to Dr. Charnock's Verba Nominalia," said to have derived its name from Dr. Richard Busby, master of Westminster School, who wore a hat of a somewhat similar description." Will any reader of 'N. & Q.' tell me by whom this has been "said," and also whether it is a fact that Dr. Busby wore such a hat? Is there any connexion between the Hussars' busby and the large bushy wig so called worn in the end of last century? J. A. H. MURRAY.

The Scriptorium, Oxford.

BRINDLEY, FOLEY, AND JACKSON.-According to a pedigree of the Brindley family, of Willenhall and Kinver, co. Stafford, in the Harl. MS. 2119, compiled by Randle Holme, and dated 1637, William Brindley had (with others) three daughters-Alice, m. to Richard Foley, of Stourbridge; Margaret, m. to Richard Foley, jun. (son of the said Richard by a former wife); and Joan, m. first to Edward Foley, of Bristol, and secondly to Thomas Jackson, of Bristol. It appears from the parish registers of Wolverhampton that Edward Foley, "of Bristol," and Joan Brindley were married October 30, 1621. Richard Foley, sen.,

SYMBOLIC USE OF CANDLES.-The following passage occurs in the late Miss Louisa Stuart Costello's 'Summer amongst the Bocages and the Vines.' She is speaking of St. Sebastian on the Loire :

"This was a spot formerly held in great reverence, and the scene of much monkish mummery on occasion of presenting a gigantic candle to the patron saint, which was placed in a boat instead of a mast, and was borne with infinite ceremony to the church of St. Sebastian."Vol. i. p. 341.

I am much interested in the symbolic and ritual
use of candles, and shall therefore be obliged to
any one who will refer me to a detailed account of
this curious rite.
EDWARD PEACOCK.

Bottesford Manor, Brigg.

J. KENNILWORTH WILSON.-In what town and county did this family live sixty or seventy years ago; and where do the descendants now reside? Replies will be acknowledged and postage returned. (Miss) S. BULLOUGH.

37, London Road, Blackburn,

FRY.-Any information respecting the following persons is requested, such as who their parents were, and if they left any descendants who could be communicated with now:

1. Dr. Thomas Fry, President of St. John's College, Oxford; died at Clifton, November 22, 1772.

2. Caroline Wilson, née Fry; authoress of 'The Listener'; died 1846.

3. John Fry, brother of the preceding, rector of Desford, 1801.

4. W. T. Fry, an engraver of portraits (Jeremy Taylor, &c.), 1817. E. A. FRY.

Yarty, King's Norton.

JULY.-Will readers of 'N. & Q.' kindly send me direct any passages, chiefly, though not necessarily, poetical, referring to July and its flowers-passages in which the month is specially mentioned by name-which I want for a lady who is making an album for which she requires descriptions of the various months of the year? I have Spenser's, in the cantos of Mutability,' but this is not floral; a couplet in 'The Lay of the Last Minstrel,' a few lines from the end; and a passage in Bacon's essay Of Gardens.' In case I should receive many replies, will my correspondents kindly be satisfied with a general acknowledgment "Notices to Correspondents"?

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Ropley, Alresford, Hants.

JONATHAN BOUCHIER.

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NAME OF AUTHOR WANTED. -Who is the author of a short poem which I saw some years since in, I believe, an old Penny Magazine or Saturday Magazine, entitled, I think, 'The Squire's Pew' I cannot recollect more than the first two or three lines, which are somewhat as follows::

A slanting ray of evening light Shone through the lattice pane; It made the faded curtains bright. Although this is a rather slight clue, yet I trust that it may be sufficient to obtain me the desired information. HENRY PRATT.

KING GEORGE OF GREECE.-Will some reader of N. & Q.' inform me how this monarch ought to be described? In the Times of Friday, June 24, in one place he is described as the King of Greece, in another as King of the Hellenes. In other publications he is called King of the Greeks. What authority is there for the adoption of this foreign word "Hellenes"? I may be very stupid, but I see little difference between calling King George King of the "Hellenes" and King Leopold King of the "Belges."

HENRI LE LOSSIGEL.

REBUILDING OF ST. PAUL'S CATHEDRAL.-One of Sir Christopher Wren's designs for the new cathedral was approved by Charles II. in 1675. Can any one give me any particulars as to when these designs were inspected, and who was present on the occasion? Am I correct in surmising that only one model in wood was made by Wren-the one still extant in the cathedral? ALLAN FEA. Bank of England,

MAJESTY.-What makes a "majesty"? The Times is lavish in its use of the title, granting it to potentates of all complexions, the Queen of the

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HENRY FOX, FIRST BARON HOLLAND.-TEWARS states that Henry Fox married a certain Miss Dives on Feb. 26, 1732/3 (4th S. iv. 312). In the Gentleman's Magazine for February, 1733, p. 100, is the following announcement :

"Henry Fox, Esq., Brother of Stephen Fox, Esq., Representative for Shaftsbury, to Miss Dives, late Maid of Honour to the Q."

Can any reader of 'N. & Q.'give me any further authority for this marriage, or tell me where it was solemnized? Who were the parents of this Miss Dives, and what was her Christian name? When did she die? In May, 1744, Fox married Lady Georgiana Caroline Lennox. G. F. R. B.

"MAZARINE BIBLE."-This phrase is used to describe the editio princeps of 'Biblia Latina Vulgata' in 'Bibliotheca Britannica' (eighth edition, vol. xviii. p. 529), and in other books. What is the origin of this application of the name Bible are extant? Mazarine? How many copies of that first Latin JAMES D. BUTLER.

Madison, Wis., U.S.

STATUTE FAIRS.-In Lincolnshire, and, I believe, several other counties, there are held at various times, near to May Day and Martinmas, what are known as statute fairs by those who speak in a refined manner, and "stattuses" by the users of dialect. They are for the purpose of hiring servants; and it is currently believed that they were established by an Act of Parliament. I have searched for this statute without success. Has any one else been more fortunate? If so, he would do a good work by publishing the reference in your columns.

COMIC SOLAR MYTHS.

ANON.

-The following wellknown historic personages have, I know, been proved (on the rules of the solar mythologists) to be myths of the sun, e. g., Napoleon I. (in two ways), Mr. W. E. Gladstone, Mr. J. Chamberlain, and Prof. Max Müller (by M. Gaidoz, in the Parisian Mélusine). Can any one add to the list? I know Columbus and Drake easily can be reduced to solar myths. W. S. L. S.

SIR JOHN VANBRUGH.-Mr. Percy Fitzgerald, in his interesting sketch, which has been appearing in the Theatre, entitled 'The Drury Lane Managers,

and modern times? I am quite aware of the diffi-
culty of constructing such a table, and do not feel
competent to do so for myself. Mr. Arber mul-
tiplies prices in the early part of the sixteenth
century by fifteen to obtain their equivalents in
present terms, and Mr. Masson multiplies prices
in the reign of Charles II. by three and one half.
I want similar authorities for the intervening and
subsequent periods.
J. T. Y.

from Killigrew to Augustus Harris,' has the following sentence: One of them was Sir John Vanbrugge his real name, and not Vanbrugh," &c. And again: "Vanbrugge, as his name betokens, was of a Ghentish family." I wonder whence Mr. Fitzgerald derived his information as to the "correct" spelling of the eminent architect and dramatist's name. I am unable to discover the source. Is the place of Vanbrugh's birth still uncertain, i. e., Chester or London? His mother was a daughter of Sir Dudley Carleton, afterwards SIR MICHAEL FOSTER, JUSTICE OF THE KING'S Earl of Dorchester. Are there any descendants of BENCH.-Who was the painter of Foster's portrait, Giles Vanbrugh's father still living either in Eng- an engraving of which by Basire forms the frontisland or the United States? If American corre-piece to Dodson's Life of Foster' (1811); and spondents would kindly note this query they who is the present possessor of this portrait? An would greatly oblige. What is the exact site of the engraving by J. Neagle, "from an original picture house which he built for himself, and where he died (in Scotland Yard) on March 26, 1726? Lastly, Where was he buried; is there any memorial to him; is there any portrait of him extant; and, if so, in whose possession is it? The designer of Castle Howard and Blenheim, and the author of 'The Relapse,' deserves to have more known about him. Mr. Percy Fitzgerald's article is in the Theatre for May. EDWARD R. VYVYAN.

BOOT-TOPS.-What does this word mean in the following passage, extracted from S. Fisher's 'Rusticks Alarm to the Rabbies' (1660), p. 583, in his collected works, 1679? He is speaking of the prejudices which commonly existed against Quakers, one of which is

"the mean outside of most of these inwardly glorious Sons and Daughters of the King, Psalm 45, 13, whose clothing, ad extra, is not (as their own within, and the World's without, and its Ministers often is) of Wrought Gold, nor yet is it so much of Plush Jippoes and Hose behang'd before, and at Knees with Rings and Ribbons, and Aprons of Points, and costly (if not Golden) Buttons, and such like Garments gay and gorgeous Attire; neither is it so much of that fine Linnen their (Bishop-like) Boottops and Double Cuffs are cut out of, as of that, which is the Righteousness of the Saints."

by Wills in the possession of Michael Dodson," is given in the Dublin edition of An Examination of the Scheme of Church-Power,' but this differs considerably from the engraving in Dodson. Where is the original by Wills to be found?

G. F. R. B.

AUTHORS OF QUOTATIONS WANTED.—
Oh! Father let me be
An object of thy care,
For daily unto thee

I lift my heart in prayer.

Preserve my soul, for I am thine,

And guide me with thy truth divine.

MRS. PEACH.
Of what avail the casket without the jewel and the
setting without the gem?
M. WOOD.
Paddy McManus new come from Drumshambo,
Mick Quinn, and Mike Quigley too,

Arcades ambo.
HERBERT HARDY.

Replies.

"THE GREATER GODS OF OLYMPUS.' (7th S. iii. 403, 489.)

I must first thank MR. GLADSTONE for the kind

The New English Dictionary' explains "Boot-tone in which he has met the strictures that I ven

top: 1. The upper part of a boot; esp. of topboots." Quotations are given of the dates 1768; 1825, 1827. But boot-tops in this sense could never have been made of linen. Can this mean a

linen frill just below the knee, covering the hose as far down as to meet the open top of the boot? Such a frill is represented in the woodcut from Ogilby's 'Coronation of Charles II.,' &c., reproduced in 'Old England,' ii. 208; but in this illustration the gentlemen are wearing low shoes.

Those who annotate Dr. Murray's magnum opus may like to jot down the late instance of the obsolete behanged in this quotation.

CECIL DEEDES.

RELATIVE VALUE OF PRICES.-Can any correspondent refer me to a table of the relative (approximate) value of prices in England in ancient

tured to make on his memoir. We all regard him such, he will not be surprised that we, fond as one of the greater gods of Olympus: still, as mortals, sometimes murmur against their decrees. differ from him (independently of the construction The point in which I had the misfortune to to be put on kuanochaites and kuanopis, which I certain attributes to certain deities which he denies am glad to see he concedes) is that he awards to Poseidon. He says that they act instantaneously, that they act by pure volition without intermediate action, and that they have knowledge of events by an act of the mind (Nineteenth Century, March, p. 464). I conceived him to mean that their action was like what is conveyed in those majestic words of Genesis, "God said, Let there be light and there was light." This is what I denied to the Olympic gods: their acts are not instantaneous;

they all use intermediate action; they know nothing by mere act of the mind, but only by the senses of seeing, hearing, or testimony of credible witnesses. The pages of N. & Q.' are not fitted for lengthened statements. I must only give one or two, though the Iliad' would furnish scores. " I quoted Herè, but MR. GLADSTONE will not allow that she is in any way a deity of the finer quality. I had thought that the daughter of Kronos, the sister and wife of Zeus, one of irreproachable private character, addressed by Athenè herself in respectful terms as "revered goddess" (presba thea), was entitled to that distinction. And MR. GLADSTONE has confirmed me in my error, if error it be; for he begins his memoir by stating that there are in Olympus five deities of greater dignity and importance, and Herè is second in the list. I must, therefore, go to the first. Zeus by the artifice of his wife is thrown into a profound sleep ('Iliad,' xiv. 352), and when he awakes he knows nothing of what has passed until he gets up, looks about him, and sees the Trojans repulsed, and sees Hector lying injured on the field. And when the Father of gods and men saw him, he pitied him, &c. ('Iliad,' xv. 6). Homer, so far from telling us that Zeus knew by an intuitive act of the mind how he had been imposed on, in this short paragraph thrice uses the words "he saw." Again, when Herè has cruelly treated Artemis by banging her about the ears, the injured goddess goes to complain to her father Zeus, who, seeing her arrive without her bow and arrows, with disordered dress, and all in tears, asks tenderly, "Dear daughter, which of the gods has treated you so?" Zeus knew nothing of the scuffle till he was told ('Iliad,' xxi. 505).

eager; still, to make them do their best Herè does not spare the lash, and as soon as she has got the permission she wanted she returns to the plains of Troy, again using the whip; and when they have reached the Simois they leave the chariot and go on their way like a pair of doves. Fast, no doubt, but far from instantaneous.

Neither is the motion of the gods instantaneous. I quoted Apollo, but MR. GLADSTONE replies, "Time is not mentioned; motion is mentioned, but it is the motion of the person which causes the clang, not the movement from place to place." This I fail to understand. If by "motion is not mentioned" MR. GLADSTONE means to hint that the motion may have been instantaneous, I reply, the verb used forbids such an interpretation, for bainein always means "to walk," "to step." Besides, to suppose that the god was transferred instantaneously from place to place would destroy the noble picture of the god, angered to the heart, striding down from the tops of Olympus, while the arrows, the instruments of his vengeance, rattle portentously on his shoulders.

MR. GLADSTONE very properly corrects the error I made in speaking of Athenè using the horses of Arès. I wrote from memory, and as that memory dates from the beginning of A.D. 1805 it often misleads me. I should have said the horses of Herè. When that goddess and Athenè ('Iliad,' v. 748) are in haste to reach Zeus, to get leave to stop Arês from assisting the Trojans, they get into Here's chariot. The horses are swift of foot and

I said Poseidon was not particular in having "physical wants, love of hecatombs," and instanced Apollo. MR. GLADSTONE says, "Physical wants are ascribed to the gods generally, and to Poseidon individually." The distinction is nice, but not, I think, just. It was the creed of the time that the priest knew the mind of his deity. Achilles says to the assembled Greeks, Let us ask some priest why the god is so angry (' Il.,' i. 62). Chryses must be taken to have known Apollo's mind better than any of us. And Chryses, wishing to curry favour with the god, puts him in mind of the many fat goats and bulls he had sacrificed to him. This seems to me to ascribe physical wants to Apollo individually.

MR. GLADSTONE says that I "wholly mistook his point, which is not that the Phoenicians [my bad penmanship has misled the printer; I meant Phoeacians] failed in reparation; but rather that Apollo appears to have been appeased by redress and thanksgiving, without any mention of the effect of sacrifice on his mind." I thought I clearly understood MR. GLADSTONE, and showed that in the case of Poseidon the injury was redressed and sacrifice offered. And MR. GLADSTONE has quoted no passage to show that it rather appears that Apollo would have been satisfied by redress without sacrifice. Achilles believed otherwise. After a murrain among men and beasts had prevailed for nine long days, he says, Let us inquire whether Apollo is angry with us for neglect of hecatombs ('Il.,' i. 65) or for a breach of a vow. Achilles speaks as if neglect of hecatombs were a crime as heinous as perjury.

MR. GLADSTONE will not take amiss my humble attempts to rehabilitate poor Poseidon. At least I have saved him from the charge of bad taste in selecting for his wife, among the beauties of sea and air, a goddess with a blue-black face.

J. CARRICK MOORE.

MURDRIÈRES (7th S. iii. 126, 215, 252, 374, 432, 519). I cannot feel that MISS BUSK's account of me is quite accurate, and therefore beg leave to say a few "last words."

It is not the case that I " wince at a few knocks in return." I have been attacked over and over again, and rather like it, if by such means we can get nearer to the truth. I have always accepted every correction that could be proved, and many such have been proved. Hence the large number of corrections in the second editions of my larger

'Dictionary' and of my 'Concise Dictionary,' and the latter will be corrected further yet.

What I complain of is that any one should set himself up as correcting me when there is nothing to show that I am wrong; I cannot help feeling that it was merely my reputation that brought it upon me, and that it was not at all provoked by my combativeness. My belief was simply that "my edition of the 'Romans of Partenay' was not consulted at all" (7th S. iii. 433); and, as everything turned upon what is there said, I am of opinion that such is not "fair treatment." I repeat that "the references which I give" ought to have been looked up. There is a scholarly and a slipshod way of doing everything. Now if it can be said that my references were looked up, and the book I mention was consulted, I have nothing at all to complain of, and I at once apologize. All this has nothing to do with personal feeling, except indirectly and subordinately.

As to " guesses," they differ greatly. It is quite one thing for a person to make them without any investigation and in defiance of all known phonetic and philological laws; and quite another thing to offer a suggestion for what it is worth after all available means of obtaining information have been exhausted. It is a curious fact that the worse a guess is the more obstinately it is maintained, the object being to hide ignorance by raising a cloud of dust. I admit having made guesses"; but then I shall not attempt to maintain them unless I can adduce fresh evidence.

The whole matter lies in a nutshell. If a man is entirely ignorant of botany or chemistry, he leaves those subjects alone. But if a man is entirely ignorant of the first principles of philology (which has lately made enormous advances), he does not leave the subject alone, but considers his "opinions" as good as the most assured results of the most competent scholars. The knowledge of a language is often supposed to carry with it the knowledge of the laws of formation of the language. But this is not in the least the case. Many a man who writes German is profoundly ignorant of its etymology; and the same is true of English. Owing to a wide difference in the methods of teaching, a German knows this, and abstains, as a rule, from showing his ignorance; whereas the Englishman commonly does not know this, and is amusingly unaware of the portentous

nature of his errors.

My object has always been the same, viz., to protest against the usual state of things. In course of time the lesson will be learnt that there is really no glory to be got by making elementary blunders, or by suggesting ridiculous emendations even of Shakespeare. I cannot at all acquiesce in the notion that people who talk nonsense must never be reproved for it. "The more they cry out," says Sydney Smith in his review on Methodism, "the

greater plainly is the skill used against them. We are convinced that a little laughter will do them more harm than all the arguments in the world." Which is just as it should be.

I believe even my heartiest opponents will give me credit for attacking opinions rather than persons; and I am sure we all only desire to get at the truth. WALTER W. SKEAT.

Cambridge.

HERBERT, EARL OF PEMBROKE (7th S. iii. 450). The quartering referred to by A. M. C. is most probably the coat of St. Quintin, viz., Or, three chevronels gules, a chief vaire. This coat, with its contingent quarterings, was brought into the Pembroke shield by the marriage of William Herbert, created Earl of Pembroke in 26 Hen. VIII., with Anne, sister and coheir of Sir Willim Parr, Marquis of Northampton. It forms the eleventh quarter in the shield displayed in Vandyke's large picture at Wilton, of Philip, Earl of Pembroke B. W. G. and Montgomery and his family. Southampton.

THE ASSASSINATION OF SPENCER PERCEVAL (6th S. xii. 367; 7th S. iii. 445).—I have heard William Jerdan, the veteran littérateur, when resident at Bushey Heath, Hertfordshire, circa 1865, describe this murder, of which he was an eyewitness, and which took place in the lobby of the House of Commons on May 11, 1812. Jerdan, then about thirty years of age, was connected with the press, and was the first to seize Bellingham, It may seem almost an incredible thing at the present day, but within a week after the assassination of Spencer Perceval, the body of his murderer was lying on the dissecting-table, with such rapidity had conviction and execution succeeded on the heels of crime. Not, however, quite so quickly as that of John Chiesley of Dalry, which took place only three days after the assassination of the Lord President Lockhart, March 31, 1689. It is worthy of note that Chiesley and Bellingham were both taken, to use a Scottish phrase," red-handed,” and each had taken upon himself the office of avenger of his own imaginary wrongs.

In the Autobiography of William Jerdan,' vol. i. pp. 133-141, is an accurate account of the murder, and at the end of the same volume there is a plan of the lobby of the House of Commons

where it was committed. In Fisher's 'National Portrait Gallery,' 1830, vol. i., is also a memoir of the Right Hon. Spencer Perceval, by the same writer.

William Jerdan had at one time been a favoured guest at the houses of many of the nobility, and been honoured with the friendship of some of the most celebrated literary men in England. He has left on record many of his reminiscences in his Autobiography,' in four volumes, and in his

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