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Women's Surnames, 297-Forewent, 298-Whiskam Dandy, 299. about with boane lace: a gowne of blacke satten, printed, probably Dr. Bliss, the editor, makes these remarks] is The account of female attire of that period is very interesting, and there seems an early mention of the use of satin and fustian in England. Bedress of Mary on the morning of her execution, sides, it tallies well with the description of the NOTES ON BOOKS:-' Dictionary of National Biography,' at the time grey, for be it remembered that out of graphically recorded by J. A. Froude in his "History of England.' Mary's hair was no doubt Vol. XII. Notices to Correspondents, &c. Notes. her comparatively short life of forty-five years eighteen of them had been spent in captivity in England. At Abbotsford is a singular painting in oils representing her decapitated head immediately after execution (see 'N. & Q.' 6th S. v. 218) on a charger, and, so far as can be remembered, in this TERCENTENARY OF MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS. instance the hair was black. It is also said that (See 7th S. iv. 81, 121.) As a collection of relics connected with this unafter her execution her severed head was exposed fortunate queen has been this year, the tercentenary to view for an hour from one of the castle windows. of her execution at Fotheringhay Castle, exhibited about 1780 there is a plate representing her preIn an old volume of the Universal Magazine of at Peterborough, which was her grave for twenty-paring for execution in the hall of Fotheringhay years, the following account of her dress and appearance on the fatal morning may prove of interest. It is taken from the 'Remains of Thomas Hearne,' who, under date Feb. 12, 1712/13, observes in his diary : five "The queen of Scots, a very tall woman, and big, and lame when she appeared before the commissioners for her tryal at Fotheringay. See account of the proceedings MS. Mus. 25. This account written by one present." In a note upon this entry the following is given, and is transcribed literally : "The description of the queene of Scotts, both of her person, as also of the manner of her apparell, as she came to suffer deth the 8 of February, 1586. Ffyrst shee Was of stature high, bigg mad, and somwhat round shouldred; her face full and fatt, double chinned and hasell eyed; her borowed heare aborne, havinge on her hed a dressinge of laune edgid with boane lace, a pomander chaine and an Agnus Dei about her necke a crucifix of gold; and in her hand a crucifix of boane with a wodden crosse, and a payre of beads at her gyrdle, with a medall in thend of them: a vaile of laune fasteind to her caule, bowed out with wire, and egged round Castle. Her tirewomen are adjusting her dress, ceedings, SOME NOTES AND ADDENDA TO PROF. SKEAT'S ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.' (Continued from p. 163.) Alligation. Known since 1555. D.M., i.v. Alliteration. Known since 1656. D.M., i.v. Allocate. Known since 1640. D. M., i.v. Allodial. From ałód, full ownership, where ód is to be explained as short for uodil, uodul, or ódhil, a farm, homestead, or piece of inherited land Icel. óðal, a homestead. Such is, it seems, the substance of what Prof. Skeat gives us as corrected in Supplement, iv. It is not quite clear why, after expunging § y sqq., he retains the latter part of B. What reason is there for considering ód an abbreviation? O.Sax. ôd, A.-S. eád, O.N. auðr, mean pos session; O.H.G. ôtag, A.-S. eádız, adj. rich. There is, ergo, no need of having recourse to Prof Skeat's favourite source Scandinavian, and instead of L.-Scand. read L.-O.H.G. or L.-Teutonic (cff. Franck, Kluge, and D.M., i.v.). It should be noted, too, that the parallel of Germ. Kleinod (to which might be added Du. Kleinood) which he adduces, as is commonly done, is not admitted by Kluge and Franck in v. "Kleinod" and "Kleinood." Kluge says it is suffix, cf. Heimat, Armut, Einöde, and compares it, under the last of these words, with the Latin suffix atus. The vowel in öde is explained by the influence of the adj. öde; Kluge does not tell us why Heimat has a instead of u. Similarly Franck in v. "Kleinood" tells us that it is derived from Klein with the same suffix as is found in Armoede. This he says (p. 35, sub "Arm") contains the same suffix as Kleinood and Maand (month). Here, too, we miss all indication of the reasons why the derivation from od, possession, is abandoned, an etymon which I still believe to be correct. Allure. Known since 1401. Cf. D.M., i.v. Almanac. Known since 1267. Cf. D.M., i.v. (note). Alone. Omit note, "Alone is wholly unconnected," &c. Under "Lone" this word is explained as a corruption of alone. Prof. Skeat must have first had another etymology of lone in his mind or notes, changed this to the present, and forgotten to expunge reference under alone. Aloud. Where did Prof. Skeat find Du. luid as subst.? The only remnant of luid as a noun in present Du, is the prepositional nuar luid van according to. Alphabet. Known since 1552. Shakespeare was not the first to use it. Cf. D.M., i.v. Altar. The various forms and dates given by M. (D.M., i.v.) prove that the word altar was borrowed from Latin and the form auter from French; they existed side by side down to the sixteenth century, when, under the influence of Latin, the present form prevailed. Cf. Skeat, Principles of Etym.,' pp. 434 and 441. Alternate. Milton did not coin the word altern. D.M., i.v. "Altern," adj., 1644; v. 1447. Cf. Although. Though Prof. Skeat does not say that this use of al in the meaning of "although "is very rare, the phrase we even find " is apt to convey that impression. For example, cf. D.M., i.v. "All," p. 227, col. A, No. 10c. This use of all is very common in Dutch, e. g., "al zegt hy dit, ik geloof het niet "Though he says it, I believe it not, &c. Am. I may here call attention to an article of Prof. Sayce in Internationale Zeitschrift für Algemeine Sprachwissenschaft, 1884, p. 222, sqq., in which he m is the older, defends a theory that the "secondary and the "primary" mi the product of analogy, &c.; and that the so-called personal endings are not personal pronouns at all, but case endings. The theory is as startling as it is new, but deserves more attention than it seems as yet to have received. It is certain that the theory usually accepted is not so entirely free from difficulties as it is often represented to be. Amaze. The word is now known to have existed in Anglo-Saxon. Cf. amasod, 'Anglia,' iv. p. 102. As yet ἅπαξ λεγόμενον. Ambassador. The word ambahti also exists in Mod. Du, ambacht a (carpenter's, smith's, &c.) trade. The shortened form amt has been specialized in meaning and now a post, an office. Cf. amtenaar, an official. Ambient. Milton was not the first to use this word. Known since 1596. Cf. D. M., i.v. Ambiguous. Though the first instance of this word given in D.M. dates from 1528, ambiguity is known since c. 1400. D.M.. i.v. Ambrosia. Known at least a century before Milton, 1567. Ambrosiac 1600; ambrosial 1596; ambrosie 1594. Ambush. Cf. "Bush." I can see no reason why this word should be "rather Scandinavian." Bush existed in M.E., in O.H.G. (busk, busc), &c. Cf. Franck, i.., and 'Cato Kluge, i.v. Amend. Earliest quotation in D.M. c. 1220. Major' (pub. Anglia,' vol. vii.), book iv. st. 38, a poem ascribed to 1200, has Wise men may amende þis ieste. Amice. (2.) Prof. Skeat does not mention the meaning "hood," which has most likely a different etymon. Cf. D.M., .v. Amidst. Earliest instance of this form is found in Marlow, c. 1590. Cf. D.M., .v. 66 Amiss. Scandinavian"? But cf. Skeat, i.v. “Mis," to Miss," and Principles of English Etymology, p. 216. Kluge, .v. "Mis-" and "Missen" and "Meiden." Amnesty. Known since 1580. Cf. D.M., i.v. Among. According to Prof. Skeat's practice of giving equivalents, where possible, from cognate languages, we must add here: M. Du. ghemanc, sb.=company, meeting, mass; adj.=united, all kinds of; adv. together with, mixed without order (e.g., stont ghemane); prep.= among. Cf. Verdam, 'Tydschrift v. Nederl. Taal und Letterkunde,' 1886, p. 52 sqq. Though the observation be, strictly speaking, not etymological," I may here refer to the difference in sense between the two forms, as given by D.M., i.v. "Amongst": "Less usual in the primary local sense than among, and, when so used, generally implying dispersion, intermixture, or shifting position." This distinction is, as far so I know, not elsewhere given. Amorous. Kam? Vaniçek, indeed, has, like Fick, put amare under "Kam"; but this miraculous disappearance of an initial & before vowel is, as far as I know, in Latin without parallel. The parallel of ape with Skt. kapi would be of use if kapi were Latin for Simia. Cf. Kluge, i.v. "Affe," and Franck, ¿v. "Aap," where this combination is not admitted. Amputate. Known since 1638. Amputation is found in Cotgrave (1611) and Woodall (1612). Cf. D.M., i.vv. Amuse. Known since 1480. Cf. D.M., i.v. Anarchy. Known since 1539. Anarchical has been found 1597; anarchism 1642. Cf. D.M., i.vv. Anatomy. The earliest quotation for this word in the sense of dissection in D.M. is dated 1541; in the sense of skeleton, 1594. Ancestor. The M.E. forms ancestre and ancessour were synonymous, like their then contemporaries ancestre and ances sour in French. Of these, however, the former was before then the nom., and the latter the casus The obliquus of the French two- form declension. present word ancestor is ergo not formed from ancesSour by insertion of a t, nor is this t of quite the same nature as that in whilst; it is rather like the t in être estre= essere, &c. Cf. D.M., i.v. Animal, Known long before Shakespeare, though no instance of its use as adjective in ordinary discourse has been found before end of sixteenth century. D.M., i.v. |