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"The phrase which Solomon useth Prov. xxix, 19 (a servant will not be corrected with words) sheweth that there is a correction by words; and, though it bee negatively propounded, yet doth it not imply that correction by words is not to be used to a servant, but rather if thereby he bee not moved, that blowes must be added thereto, which is a correction by deeds." Again, in paragraph 15:

"Contrary to their just and due power doe they, who in their rage stab their servants, or otherwise make them away: Yea they also, who so unmercifully and unmeasurably beat them with a rod, cudgell, or any other thing, as death follow thereupon; for many there

bee, who having once begunne to strike, know not when to cease, but lay on as if they were striking stocks and blocks and not their owne flesh. God foresaw that masters were prone to such cruelty, and therefore set a stint number of stripes, which none that beat another might exceed," &c.

C. L. PRINCE.

WOMEN IN RED CLOAKS AS SOLDIERS (7th S. iii. 452).—An account of Lord Cawdor's stratagem will be found in Household Words of March 12, 1859. It is there mentioned that the French squadron first of all made a descent on Ilfracombe, and then sailed round St. David's Head and landed the troops on the shores of Cardigan Bay, where, through the action of Lord Cawdor, they were induced to yield themselves prisoners of war. The writer gives as his authority Kelly's "History of the Wars.' I send this as your correspondent seems to doubt somewhat the veracity of the story anent Lord Cawdor. As to the women of Devon and Cornwall imitating his proceedings in any way I have no information. It is well known that Welsh peasant women have a weakness for scarlet cloaks and petticoats, which fact gave the noble lord his opportunity. E. T. EVANS.

Referring to the REV. W. S. LACH-SZYRMA'S query under this heading, I may say that only two or three weeks since I made the following extract from a little work entitled 'Reminiscences of Methodism in Exeter' (1875), intending to send it to you as a query for further information on this interesting topic:

"At this time (1779) the nation was engaged in a war with France and Spain. In August their two fleets had effected a junction and entered the British Channel with sixty-six sail of the line and fourteen frigates, and had paraded for two or three days just outside Plymouth Harbour; which, with England's usual unreadiness at the commencement of a war, was utterly unprepared for resistance or defence...... There is a tradition that in the absence of any military force a muster of women in red cloaks was made on the hill, which was mistaken by the enemy for a brigade of soldiers, and prevented their landing."

P. F. ROWSEll.

187, High Street, Exeter. LONGFELLOW (7th S. iii. 474).—The Daily News critic who called the poet Longfellow " a poetaster" is to be pitied. He is surely a descendant of that other critic who advised Lord Byron to try

But

some other profession than verse-writing. why should this surprise MR. HAMILTON ? I have spoken to intelligent people who deny that Sir Walter Scott was anything better than a mere rhymester, while others will tell you that Tennyson is hazy, and Robert Browning-well, if they would tell the truth-above their comprehension. It would not be a bad plan to make these buzzing critics write something better to replace everything they decry, and we should soon have less ROBERT F. GARDINER. cry and more wool.

he is a very good American poet. His smaller I do not rank Longfellow as a great poet, but pieces are no better than Thomas Gray, who has inflicted no lengthy piece on mankind, while all Longfellow's long poems are tedious in the extreme. He is, therefore, a rhymester; and that, I take it, is the primitive meaning of poetaster.

Given TOTIKós, Latin poeticus, we mean a working poet; not a maker with the divine afflatus upon him, but one who spins out his verses as a professional pursuit. Then we have the English formative poetiser, where the terminal, from issare, implies activity; if we mean undue activity, we vary it to poetaster.

When Dr. Murray comes to P, the survivors will know how poetaster first arose. A. H. phonographic magazine, in a very amusing lecture A clever parody (which I have seen only in a on marriage) begins :—

Tell me not in idle jingle

Marriage is an empty dream; For the girl is dead that's single, And things are not what they seem. Life is real, life is earnest,

Single blessedness a fib; "Man thou art, to man returnest,"

Has been spoken of the rib.

It occurs to me as just possible that the Daily News leader-writer, quoting the line to which MR. HAMILTON refers, has supposed it to be the peculiar property of the parody, and not a part of the originalPsalm of Life.' G. N.

MR. WALFORD may like to know that the verses on the fountain at Shanklin are printed in the "Albion" edition of Longfellow, published by F. Warne & Co. An interesting note is prefixed. EDWARD H. MARSHALL, M.A.

The Library, Claremont, Hastings,

SIR HUGH MYDDELTON (7th S. iii. 389, 478).I am glad to be able to solve MR. MASKELL's doubt. In a paper on the united parishes of St. Matthew, Friday Street, and St. Peter, Cheap, the Rector remarks (1869):

"S. Matthew's parish seems to have been for nearly a century the home of the Middleton family, for the registers abound with notices concerning members of this house, closing at length with this entry in the burial register, 1631. Xbr 10, Sr Hugh Middleton, Knight.""

The disappearance of any tablet or monument to his memory is accounted for by the Great Fire thirty-five years later; but it is remarkable that there is no mention of such in that valuable collection of Le Neve's Monumenta Anglicana,' from which I take the following :

"In the Chancel of Edmonton Church in Middlesex. Here lieth interred the body of the Rt Wor" Dame Elizabeth Middleton late Wife of St Hugh Middleton Bart who departed this life the 19th of July Ao D'ni 1643 aged 63 yeares being the Mother of 15 Children." The only epitaph of the family of which record has been preserved at St. Matthew's is one to Anne Middleton, who died Jan. 11, 1596, in her fiftyfourth year. The inscription is from a plate on the south wall of the chancel (Stow):—

"As Man liveth, so he dieth; As Tree falleth, so it lieth Anne Middleton, thy Life, well past, Doth argue restful Bliss at last."

F. J. HARDY.

April 18, 1599. His father's sister Margaret was
married previous to that date; and he himself had
cultivated literature before he "trailed a pike" in
Hepburn's regiment; but neither of his age nor of
his writings can I glean any definite knowledge.
Surely he was more than fifty-four at his death!
M. GILCHRIST.

A SLEEVELESS ERRAND" (1st S. i. 439; v.
473; xii. 58, 481, 520; 7th S. iii. 6, 74, 391).—
The expression "sleeveless errand" occurs in 'The
Proverbs of John Heywood," 1546 :—

And one morning timely he tooke in hand
To make to my house a sleeveless errand,
Hanking upon me, his minde herein to breake,
Which I would not see till he began to speake,
Praying me to heare him; and I sayd, I would.
P. 29, reprint, 1874.
What earlier instances are there of the use of
"sleeveless" with "errand"?

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F. C. BIRKBECK TERRY. George Hallen, a prosperous pan-maker at Stourbridge, Worcestershire (b. 1725), married, about TEA-CADDY (7th S. iii. 308, 435).—Sometimes a 1760, Ann Myddelton, who died 1806, aged box without any compartments, and not metalseventy-six. Their granddaughter Ann was born lined, is called variously "tea-box," "tea-caddy," 1795, and remembered her grandmother well. She never "tea-chest" to my knowing. I have heard told me that she was the daughter of Hugh Myd- some call a tin box or chest used to hold delton, whom she supposed to be the knight. It tea, a tea-caddy," not having any divisions inis just possible that she may have been a grand-side. On the other hand, a large chest, such as daughter of Hugh Myddelton of Shiffnal, as there described by ESTE (7th S. iii. 435) is called a was much intercourse between that place and chest," the metal-lined boxes within it being called Stourbridge. She was always reputed of good "caddies." Some of these large "tea-chests," one family. I should be very glad to learn where and a very old one I know of, also contain an extra when the marriage took place. While on the sub-compartment, which serves as a small medicine ject I give a marriage from the registers of St. Mary chest. But "tea-caddy" is sadly misused, as other Woolchurch Haw, London: "1659, July 28. Hugh Middleton and Alice Haines, both of the Parish of Margaretts, Westminster."

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LIEUT.-GENERAL MIDDLETON (7th S. iii. 496). -His name was John, and he was eldest son of Robert Middleton, of Cauldhame (formerly designed of Middleton and of Kilbill), in Kincardineshire. He was raised to the peerage in 1660 as Earl of Middleton, &c., and as such R. W. C. will doubtless know him well. He died through falling down stairs at Tangiers in 1673, and his historians say he was then only fifty-four, born circa 1619. This assertion I doubt, and should be grateful for information. His father, when killed" sitting in his chair" by Montrose's soldiers in 1645, was called an old man. The marriage contract of his father's eldest brother John, who had no issue, was dated

names.

Thornhill Lees, Dewsbury.

"tea

HERBERT HARDY.

66

I noticed in one of your late numbers an inquiry as to the origin of the name tea-caddy." I import tea from Shanghai, and the account is made out in "cattys," a Chinese weight, equivalent, if I remember rightly, to two and a quarter pounds. There is a similarity in the names caddy" and catty," which suggests the origin of the former and its derivation from the latter.

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May I be excused, when writing on tea, if I draw the attention of those of your readers who are connoisseurs in tea to the remarkable fact that the greater merit of sun-dried tea compared with high-dried tea (that is tea dried by artificial heat) appears to be unknown to more than a few of the consumers in England, and to most of the tea merchants. Sun-dried tea is superior to highdried as an Havannah cigar is to its English-made imitation. The high-drying process was invented many years ago, so I was informed by my friends at Shanghai (when the tea had to remain in the hold of a sailing ship for several months) to protect it from mildew. If any of your readers are tempted to order sun-dried tea from Shanghai or Foochow or Ichang, &c., they will find a small packet of

lime in each case. This is to absorb any moisture that may get in during the voyage, which, how ever, now lasts for only a few weeks. The Russian "overland" tea is sun-dried, hence its high character.

ALFRED P. RYDER, Admiral of the Fleet. CURIOUS EPITAPH (7th S. iii. 474).—The first of these is of the class whereof "Forgive, blest shade," is a type-those which occur in many places and different forms. This is found, for instance, at Herne and at Dorking. Archbishop Trench's Household Poetry' gives it as follows: Here lies a piece of Christ; a star in dust; A vein of gold; a china dish that must

Be used in heaven, when God shall feast the just; and adds the name Robert Wilde, but with no date. I have also seen, but cannot now say where, these lines attached :

-

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NOTES ON BOOKS, &c. The First Nine Years of the Bank of England. An Inquiry into a Weekly Record of the Price of Bank Stock from August 17, 1694, to September 17, 1703. By James E. Thorold Rogers. (Oxford, Clarendon Press.) MR. ROGERS's well-known History of Agriculture and Prices' was, where it did not consist of matter reduced to a tabular form, a work that could be enjoyed by several widely separated classes of readers. The book now before us, though equally painstaking and thorough, and dealing with a time with which we should assume that Mr. Rogers has far greater sympathy, can only be attractive to the political economist, or to those-and they are, we are sorry to say, as yet but few-who endeavour to study history as though it were an exact science. We do not mean by this to slight a book which shows both industry and insight. The subject chosen is important; but as the human mind is at present constituted, the enthusiasm needed to master its contents will be developed but by few.

siastic statistician says that it has been the most fruitful discovery man has made except the printing press. Without affirming or denying this, it may be useful to reflect on the change that the banking system has produced. To take one point alone: had there been no banks, would it have been possible to organize capital in such a manner that it could have been employed in the formation of railways?

Mr. Rogers has discovered and reprinted a weekly register of the price of bank stock for the first nine years of the existence of the Bank of England. This table is very interesting. It does not, it is true, form an exact index of political calm and storm, as a similar table relating to the price of consols in recent days would do; but for that purpose it is not without interest. The hatred of the country party to the trading classes after the fall of the Stuart despotism is well brought out. The literature of Queen Anne's day is full of allusions to it. We believe that both Lord Macaulay That the hatred existed, we know. We doubt, however, and Mr. Rogers have treated these matters too gravely. that it was founded on the reasons commonly assigned. The country squires and the clergy rarely visited London, and were, perhaps, more ignorant of the life of the trading classes on whom they were dependent than their representatives at the present day are of the politics of Japan. They knew that the London "shopkeepers were, many of them, making vast fortunes; and as they had no idea of the first principles of economics, they not unnaturally believed that every farthing that found its way into the trader's pocket was so much deducted from the wealth of his customers. "Speculative political economy," as Mr. Rogers reminds us, "has been a most dangerous guide.' The absence of all thought on such matters is perhaps more dangerous even than rash speculation. Even at the present day theory and practice are not harmonized successfully on any one of the great questions which economics claims as its own domain.

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Gleanings in Old Garden Literature. By W. Carew
Hazlitt. (Stock.)

To that attractive set of works "The Book-Lover's
Library," which, under Mr. Wheatley's hands, is justify-
Old Garden Literature.' Not the least valuable part of
ing its title, has been added Mr. Hazlitt's Gleanings in
this is the bibliography of garden literature, herbals,
&c., in which curious information is given. Some of the
statistics as to the prices paid for vegetables are a little
startling. It is strange to hear of 3s., equal to 9s, in
these days, being paid in 1619 for two cauliflowers.

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THE Fortnightly opens with a poem, by Mr. Matthew Arnold, entitled Kaiser Dead.' It is a tribute such as many writers have left to the virtues and failings of a dog. Prof. Seeley takes a sanguine view of the expansion of English empire in Victorian as contrasted with Georgian times. Herr Karl Blind gives a striking We wish, as an introduction to a history of the beginings account of General Langievicz and the last Polish of English banking, Mr. Rogers had given us a sketch of Rising.' Letters from Central Africa' are by Emin the career of the great Bank of Amsterdam. The Venice Pasha. Good and Bad Temper in English Families' and Genoa banks had little direct effect on England. The furnishes some curious statistics on a subject of extreme great Dutch concern was the envy or object of hatred of difficulty.-Mr. Gladstone continues, in the Nineteenth every Englishman who had heard of it. Differing much Century, his studies of The Greater Gods of Olympos,' in its nature from our Bank of England, the Amsterdam dealing with Athenè, while his son, Mr. Herbert J. Gladbank was certainly its parent. It is fruitless to speculate stone, records the impressions of A First Visit to India.' what would have happened had any one circumstance 'Art Sales and Christie's,' by Mr. George Redford, deals in history been other than it was. Causation is a net- principally with the prices realized by pictures. Miss (?) work, not a chain, and the most stupendous and the Harriette Brooke Davies has some ingenious and practical most minute events of to-day are affected by what suggestions on A Kitchen College,' or a school of cookery. occurred ages ago. One cannot help at times trying to The records of combat in the South still constitute guess what would have been the state of things now had the most stirring portion of the Century. In the admirthe banking system never been developed. An enthu-able picture illustrations of the 'Struggle for Atalanta'

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the chief difficulty for the English reader is to tell which are the Unionists and which the Confederates, 'Animal Locomotion in the Maybridge Photographs' is a curious and noteworthy paper. Letterpress and illustrations are alike excellent.-Chatter about Shelley,' which appears in Macmillan, is one of Mr. Traill's admirable Conversations,' and is equally just and amusing. Prof. Clark Murray has an overwhelmingly erudite treatise on 'The Revived Study of Berkeley. Mr. A. Tilley writes on The Humour of Molière.' Interesting papers are on Montrose,' Theocritus in Sicily,' and Benacus.'-In the Gentleman's, Mr. J. A. Farrer employs the machinery of Voltaire in a paper on Candide at the Jubilee.' A finer salt of satire would better justify its use, since the paper is argumentative rather than brilliant. Mr. Phil Robinson supplies further notes on the poets, Mr. E. Walford describes The Abbey of Dunfermline,' and Mr. Fox-Bourne deals with 'No. 45' of the North Briton.-The first part of an animated description of Playgoing in China,' from the pen of the Hon. Lewis Wingfield, appears in Murray's, in which also Cardinal Manning writes on 'Why are our People unwilling to Emigrate?' Poetry and fiction occupy a large share of the magazine.- The Cornhill has an interesting account of 'A Visit to the Tomb of Jove' and a short history of Flags and Banners.'-In Longman's Mr. W. H. Pollock has a valuable study of Mephistopheles at the Lyceum,' Mr. Andrew Lang is vivacious in his At the Sign of the Ship.'-In the English Illustrated Mr. Richard Jefferies "begins Walks in the Wheatfields, written in his characteristic style. With its quaint illustrations of old ships, 'The Private Journal of a French Mariner' has both value and interest. Old Hook and Crook' has some pleasant gossip by Mr. Basil Field. Chatter,' the opening illustration, is excellent.-The Chronicles of Scottish Counties' are finished in All the Year Round, and those of Welsh counties begin. A paper, in two parts, on Goethe and Carlyle repays attention.

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MESSRS. CASSELL'S publications lead off with The Encyclopædic Dictionary, Part XLII. of which carries the alphabet from "Incuse" to "Interlink." The words included are almost all of Latin origin; "Intellect," "Inoculate," and "Inspiration are the subjects of important definitions and illustration.-Egypt, Descriptive, Historical, and Picturesque, has a fine full-page illustration, On the Coast of the Red Sea,' and some good pictures of scenes and characters of street life, dancers in street and temple, &c.- All's Well that Ends Well' is finished in Part XVIII. of Cassell's Illustrated Shakespeare, and Twelfth Night' begun. The large illustrations include three striking pictures of Parolles. Greater London, by Mr. E. Walford, finishes at Tooting in Part XXIV., and the title-page to Vol. II. and the index to this interesting work are supplied.-A third volume of Our Own Country also finishes with Part XXX., the

progress to Sheffield being depicted. A good view of Sheffield Church is among the illustrations-Gleanings from Popular Authors approaches completion, twentythree out of twenty-four parts being supplied. Among those from whom extracts are given are Lord Lytton, Mr. J. A. Sterry, Mr. Coventry Patmore, and Mr. Shorthouse.-The History of India, Part XXII., deals with the visit of the Prince of Wales to India, and has pictures of tiger hunting and other subjects.-In Part XIV. of The Life and Times of Queen Victoria the period of the death of the Prince Consort is reached, and that also of

the outbreak of Civil War in America.

PART XLIV. of Mr. Hamilton's Parodies gives imitations of The Viear of Bray,' 'Old King Cole,' and many popular old songs.

THE claim of Northern Notes and Queries to be the northernmost of the issue of N. & Q.' is now forfeited by the appearance of No. 1 of Scottish Notes and Queries, which is published in "Aberdeen awa,' and edited by Mr. John Bulloch. This latest born of a numerous progeny seems robust and full of vitality.

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Legend, issued at Newcastle-on-Tyne by Mr. Walter THE Monthly Chronicle of North-Country Lore and Scott, contains much matter of interest to northern antiquaries.

AMONG the forthcoming sales at Messrs. Sotheby & Wilkinson's are those of the library of the late Joseph Mayne, of Liverpool, on the 19th inst., and a portion of the library of Mr. G. W. Smalley, on the 11th and 12th. MR. W. ROBERTS is contributing a series of papers on "The Dawn of English Bookselling' to the Publishers' Circular.

THE Red Dragon having ceased to exist, the Notes and Queries' section, which constituted an interesting feature, is being continued in the Cardiff Weekly Mail.

Notices to Correspondents.

We must call special attention to the following notices : ON all communications must be written the name and

address of the sender, not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith.

WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately.

To secure insertion of communications correspondents must observe the following rule. Let each note, query, or reply be written on a separate slip of paper, with the signature of the writer and such address as he wishes to appear. Correspondents who repeat queries are requested to head the second communication "Duplicate."

JONATHAN BOUCHIER ("Poems on Chess").-At the close of "Ludus Scacchia, Chesse Play, a Game both Pleasant, Wittie, and Politicke, &c., Translated out of the Italian into the English Tongue," London, 1597, 4to., is 'A pretty and pleasant Poeme of a whole Game played at Chesse, written by G. B[lochimo].' This answers your requirements. A bibliography of books on chess is, we fancy, obtainable.

R. U. P. ("Fays ce que voudras ").-The motto is supposed to have originated with Rabelais, who put it over the doors of his pleasant abbey of Theleme.

JOHN M. DEAN ("All things come to him who knows how to wait").-This proverb, which is a translation of the French "Tout vient à point pour celui qui sait attendre," is not yet definitely fixed in the English language. The above is the better rendering of the two you supply. Consult N. & Q.,' 4th S. xii. passim ; 5th S. i. 14.

found N. & Q., 6th S. viii. 260. The two other colonels COL. HARDY ("Parody by O'Connell ").—This will be were Col., afterwards Sir W. Verner, M.P. for Armagh county, and Col. Gore, M.P. for Sligo county. See 6th

S. vii. 155.

W. G. STONE ("Copying Letters ").-Please send, VERMIS.-Verè means "truly."

NOTICE.

Editorial Communications should be addressed to "The Editor of Notes and Queries ""-Advertisements and Business Letters to "The Publisher "-at the Office, 22, Took's Court, Cursitor Street, Chancery Lane, E. C.

We beg leave to state that we decline to return communications which, for any reason, we do not print; and to this rule we can make no exception.

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