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The address was 18, Charles Street, St. James's. I dare say I should have heard of it if it still existed. The prospectus was admirable, and the society deserved support. I should be glad to hear about it, and the valuable collections it made.

Y. S. M.

'AUTHENTIC MEMOIRS OF THE LITTLE MAN

AND THE LITTLE MAID.'-Is it known who illustrated (in the style of Rowlandson) this child's book, published by Tabart & Co., of New Bond Street, in 1808? Where can a list of Tabart's publications be found? J. E. BURNETT.

'INGOLDSBY LEGENDS.'-In 'Barney Maguire's Account of the Coronation' ('Ingoldsby Legends') there is the following expression :—

The Prince of Potboys, and great haythen Jews. I should be very glad to receive some explanation of the allusion. W. G. Rebuilding of ST. PAUL'S CATHEDRAL.-Can any one tell me where Sir Christopher Wren's plans and models for St. Paul's Cathedral were shown to Charles II.? Was it at Whitehall; and, if so, who was present on these occasions? Any other particulars would be gratefully received by

Dartmouth Park Road, Highgate.

ALLAN FEA.

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NAPOLEON LITERATURE.-I have lately met with a curious book, concerning which I should be glad to receive some information, particularly as to authorship. Its title is "Napoleon in the other World. A Narrative written by Himself: and found near his Tomb in the Island of St. Helena. By Xongo-tee-foh-tchi, Mandarin of the Third Class. London, Henry Colburn, 1827." I refrain from commenting on the work, as I have no doubt many of your readers are well acquainted with it; but in the interests of bibliography I am anxious to obtain the name of the writer.

Plymouth,

W. H. K. WRIGHT.

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LE FEVRE.-I would feel much obliged if any correspondent could inform me of the original or correct way of spelling the names variously written Le Feuvre, Lefevre, Le Fevre, Lefebvre, Lefebure, &c. I find in the parish_books it is spelt several ways. We now spell it Le Fevre. Is there any crest attached to the name of Le Fevre? There is to Lefevre, I know. FABER.

NUMISMATIC.-"Ecclesia perversa faciem habet diaboli." The above legend I am positive I have read on some medal. What was the piece; and when and where stamped? JAMES D. BUTLER. Madison, Wis., U.S.

Replies.

SCOTCH ACADEMIC PERIODICALS.
(7th S. iii. 516.)

Replying to J. M. G., I am sorry that I cannot refer him to any published account of such of the Scotch universities. periodicals as have been conducted by the students I happen to have by me, however, a few notes on the subject, which may serve his purpose and may have some general interest. Except so far as they relate to my own Alma Mater, these notes do not approach completeness, and I shall be grateful for additions to or corrections of my list from any correspondent who has been more intimately connected with St. Andrews, Glasgow, or Edinburgh.

University of St. Andrews (1411). Eight numbers, December 3 to March 18. 1825-26. The St. Andrews University Magazine.

1863-64. The St. Andrews University Magazine. Twelve numbers, February to January.

186 (?). The St. Andrews University Magazine. ? numbers.

186 (?). The Comet. ? numbers.

1879. Kate Kennedy's Annual. ? in former years also. 1886. The University News Sheet. Fourteen numbers,

University of Glasgow (1450). 1826. The Academic. 1828. The Alma Mater. 1830. The Athenæum.

SAMUEL ASTLEY DUNHAM, LL.D.-I should be glad of any biographical particulars of this January 8 to April 7. gentleman, who was the author of a learned and excellent History of Spain and Portugal,' and other works published in Lardner's "Cabinet Cyclopædia." His death, on July 17, 1858, is recorded in the Athenæum, where it is stated that "there was always a mystery about this unfortunate gentleman." "Dr. Southey spoke [where ?] of his knowledge as marvellous. Dr. C. K. Adams, in his 'Manual of Historical Literature,' 1882, says

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1830. The College (or University) Album. This also appeared in the following years: 1832, 1834, 1836, 1838, 1840, 1843, 1845, 1847, 1851, 1854, 1859, 1869, 1874, ? in other years.

1834. The University Souvenir. 1837. Proceedings of the Peel Club. 1840. Peel Club Papers.

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January.

1872-73. The Aberdeen Medical Student. Twenty numbers, November 6 to August 1. With a "Rectorial Edition" of December 4.

1873-74. The Aberdeen University Gazette. Nine numbers, November 28 to March 20. With a "Rectorial Edition" of 1875.

1877. The Academic. Seven numbers, January 12 to February 23.

1877-78. The Academic, new series. Eight numbers, December 7 to February 8. With title-page.

1883-84. Alma Mater. Thirteen numbers and extra

New Year number, November 28 to March 5. With title-page.

1884-85. Alma Mater, vol. ii. Fifteen numbers, November 12 to April 3.

1885-86. Alma Mater, vol. iii. Sixteen numbers, November 11 to April 2. With title-page for vols. ii.

and iii.

1886-87. Alma Mater, vol. iv.* Fourteen numbers,

November 17 to March 2.

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1835. The University Maga. Twelve numbers. January 8 to March 26,

1835. "Two rivals of Maga, not lasting to end of winter session."‡

1835. The Edinburgh University Souvenir. An “annual."

1837-38. The University Maga, vol. ii. ? numbers. No. 4 on January 12.

1838. The University Snowdrop.

1839. The Edinburgh University Magazine. ? numbers; at least three.

1840. The Edinburgh Academic Annual. 1841-70. ?

1871. The Edinburgh_University Magazine. Four numbers, January to April.

1881-82. The Edinburgh University Quarterly. Three numbers, January and May, 1881, and December, 1882. Three 1887. College Echoes: a Students' Journal. numbers, not dated.

P. J. ANDERSON.

2, East Craibstone Street, Aberdeen.

An. article appeared on Aberdeen University magazines in Alma Mater, Aberdeen University Magazine, No. 14, vol. ii., Wednesday, February 25, 1885, and another in the same periodical, More will appear by-and-by in Scottish Notes and No. 13, vol. iii., Wednesday, February 23, 1887. Queries in 'A Bibliography of Aberdeen Periodical Literature,' by me. J. MALCOLM BULLOCH. Aberdeen.

THE FIRST PRINCIPLES OF PHILOLOGY (7th S. ii. 445; iii. 161, 277,315,411; iv. 18).—I ought to have foreseen that it would be wasting words to reply to a writer who maintains the paradox that the fundamental principle of modern philology is only 66 a scientific craze,' ""one of the most gigantic popular delusions that human ingenuity ever expended itself fruitlessly upon."

He

MR. HALL'S qualifications for the task of combating, single-handed, a conclusion which has been accepted, as PROF. SKEAT says, by every advanced philologist, can easily be tested. imagines that the Baikal, to which I referred as the extreme eastern limit of the region in which the Aryan race may possibly have originated, is not, as geographers have hitherto supposed, an inland sea, but a tribe of "migratory nomads." The blunder is as amusing as that of the Tyrolese tourist who thought that the Dolomites were a sect of Syrian heretics. Not content with having turned the great lake of Central Asia into "the Scythians of Herodotus," MR. HALL informs us that their form of speech." MR. HALL has misplaced the language was an agglutinative or monosyllabic Scythians of Herodotus by a trifle of about two thousand miles, and is also ignorant of the fact that the language of these Scythians has been shown by Jacob Grimm to belong to the IndoEuropean family.

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It would require too much space to examine in detail MR. HALL's numerous delusions. I will

See Memoir of Edward Forbes, F.R.S.,' p. 191, note.

therefore refrain from dissecting his lucid statement that the aborigines of the Baltic is an ethnological locality, or the still more remarkable discovery that a primitive German prefix is "taken directly" from a Latin verb.

I would recommend MR. HALL, before he writes again, to study a few of the standard works on the subject, such as Pictet's 'Origines Indo-Européennes,' Penka's 'Herkunft der Arier' and his Origines Ariacæ,' Spiegel's 'Arische Periode,' Fick's Ehemalige Spracheinheit der Indo-Germanen Europas,' as well as the immortal works of Bopp and Jacob Grimm. When he has mastered these books it will be possible profitably to discuss the subject with him, though I suspect that he will then find that there is nothing to discuss. ISAAC TAYLOR.

May 24 to become June 4 the year after George was made Prince of Wales on his father's death.

The lapsus pluma or misprint (whichever it was) in my query, in giving 1774 instead of 1744 as the year of the birth of Queen Charlotte, was marked by me as a corrigendum in the next number of N. & Q.' (p. 340).

It is to be hoped that Dr. Egli is a reader of 'N. & Q.,' and will see the reason why Capt. Cook associated January 18 with Queen Charlotte, although her real birthday was, as he rightly remarks in his Etymologisch-geographisches Lexikon,' May 19. W. T. LYNN.

Blackheath.

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DUBORDIEU FAMILY (6th S. iii. 336; 7th S. iii. 329, 458)-In Smiles's Huguenots in England and Ireland' references to this family will be found SIEGE OF BOLTON (7th S. iv. 8).-Your correat pp. 310-12, also notes to pp. 312, 317-18, and spondent should consult Dr. Ormerod's 'Memo-365.* The two following references to descendants rials of the Civil War in Lancashire,' issued by the Chetham Society. Horridge is still the local pronunciation of Horwich, near Bolton.

WILLIAM E. A. AXON.

CAPE CHARLOTTE (7th S. iii. 309, 480).—I must confess that when I read MR. MARSHALL'S reply to my query at the first of these references, it seemed to me to substitute one difficulty for another; for if the queen's birthday was kept as a movable feast with a range over several months, how could Capt. Cook, who, in 1775, was returning from a long cruise in the South Pacific, know that it would be observed that year in England on January 18, when he discovered Cape Charlotte in New Georgia? But on consulting different volumes of the Annual Register I find that it had been usual for several years to keep the queen's birthday on that day. Under that date for 1763 we read that it "was celebrated at court as her majesty's birthday, in order to give people in trade the better opportunity of benefiting by the great expense usual on these occasions." In 1765 it is stated that January 18 was observed as usual as her majesty's birthday, for the encouragement of trade." Similar notes of its observance on that day occur in 1771 and 1772, the latter of which Cook would doubtless remember, as he did not set sail from England on his second voyage until June 13 in that year.

of Pastor Du Bourdieu are interesting :

"A great-grandson of Du Bourdieu, Capt. Saumarez Dubourdieu, was an officer in the British Army at the capture of Martinique from the French in 1762, and received the sword of the French commandant, who said on presenting it, 'My misfortune is the lighter, as I am conquered by a Dubourdieu, a beloved relative. My name is Dubourdieu !'"-Note, p. 312. From this it may be inferred that a branch of the family flourished in France after the Revocation. The second story is as follows:

The

The Rev. Saumarez Dubourdieu, grandson of the celebrated French pastor of the Savoy Church in London, five years, and was so beloved in the neighbourhood that was minister of the French church at Lisburn for fortyat the insurrection of 1798 he was the only person in Lisburn whom the insurgents agreed to spare. French congregation having become greatly decreased, by deaths as well as intermarriages with Irish families, the chapel was at length closed-it is now used as the having joined the Established Church, he was presented court-house of Lisburnt-and the pastor Dubourdieu with the living of Lambeg. His son, rector of Annahelt, county Down, was the author of 'A Statistical Survey of the County Antrim,' published in 1812."-Note, p. 365. ROBERT F. GARDINER.

NAME OF RUSKIN (6th S. xii. 145, 191, 438).That the two syllables in this name should be divided thus, Rusk-in rather than Ru-skin, is pretty certain, for various reasons, otherwise Ruskin

*The above pagination is that of the first edition, published by Murray, London, 1867.

This was written in, or before, 1867. For the benefit

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of future readers of N. & Q.' I would like to know if any correspondent can answer the following queries: it removed, and what occupies its site at present? (2) If (1) Is this building still in existence? If not, when was in existence, is it still used as the court-house? If not, when did it cease to be so, and for what purpose is it now used?

The king's birthday was, I believe, always kept during the reign of George III. on the right day, June 4. But it may interest some of your readers to remind them that the actual day of his birth, as announced when it took place in 1738, was stated to be May 24, which is the birthday of our present gracious sovereign, and has been the real royal birthday during the last fifty years. The Jean Armand du Bourdieu, not Dubordieu as JAPHET The name of the celebrated Savoy pastor should be change of style in England in 1752, advanc-writes it. The second u is also retained in the names of ing the count of time by eleven days, caused the various members of the family mentioned by Smiles.

might have meant "red-skin" or "rough-skin." The place-name Ruskington, in Lincolnshire, so called from the Ruscingas or Hryscingas according to Kemble ('Saxons in England,' i. 471-2), settles the matter. The personal name Ruschil or Roschil (Rosketyl) occurs in Domesday Book. The surname of Ruskin is very seldom met with. One William Ruskyn or Roskyn, of Melton Mowbray, married Eleanor, sister and coheir of John Beler, Esq., of Kirkby, who died, s. p., 1475, and a share of the estates of that family fell to her son, Jasper Ruskyn, Esq. He died April 10, 1485, and a copy of the inscription on his tomb in Melton Mowbray Church 1583 may be found in Harl. MS. 2017, p. 84, and Nichols's 'Leicestershire' (ii. p. 262**). Jasper left four daughters, one of whom, Margaret, married Richard Lacy, of Halifax, and had issue. Jasper, however, might have had younger brothers who left descendants. These Ruskyns bore, Sable, a chevron between three spear-heads argent. One William Ruskyn had a rent-charge of 188. per annum on some lands in Howdenshire, part of the endowment of the chantry of Laxton in that district 1535 ('Valor. Eccl.,' v. 138).

Westminster.

A. S. ELLIS.

LEASE OF 999 YEARS (7th S. iii. 450).-Probably the information could be obtained at the office of the Ecclesiastical Commissioners for England, or from their solicitors. E. T. EVANS.

That leases for this period may have been granted for trust purposes is very likely; but that such leases ever" fell in " to the Church of England or to any one else, as affirmed by your correspondent to be alleged by the American press, is not so evident, when we consider that neither leases nor the Church of England existed 999 years ago.

Symondsbusy, Bridport.

J. S. UDAL.

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FEMALE HERESIARCHS (7th S. iii. 308, 412, 521). It would be interesting to know who really founded Shakerism, if, as MR. MARSHALL tells us, Ann Lee did not. The communities all now seem to regard her not only as general Mother, but the object of a "hyperdulia more meriting to be called "latria" than any the Deipara receives from Ann Christ" are coupled as co-equal. Whether other churches. "Saviour Christ" and "Mother

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James Hannay's suggestion that Ruskin is a corruption of the family name Erskine (found Ariskine and Areskin) is the most probable. Erskine is the appellation of a parish, co. Renfrew, which is said to have had its name from the castle on the margin of the Clyde. Rev. R. W. Stewart ('Statistical Account of Scotland') seems to think the castle the Trinity has been made a Quaternity" (as the may have been named from the surname, from Jew Salvador seriously advises Christians to do), "Eris-skyne, on the knife," which he supports by I cannot find evidence. This query was only sent an anecdote. As a place-name Erskine, ancient since Mrs. Girling's death was understood to have broken up Irskyn, might translate " her sect, and the Southcottians were water." believed extinct; and as Lady Huntingdon's churches never claimed any doctrinal peculiarity (nor, indeed, could Methodism as a whole be more called a sect than any Roman monastic order), it does not yet appear that any female (if not Ann Lee) ever founded a growing sect. E. L. G.

upon the fair or white R. S. CHARNOCK. HOLY THURSDAY: WELL-DRESSING AT TISSING. TON (7th S. iii. 189, 274, 357, 456).—For an account of this curious old Derbyshire custom, locally known as tap-dressing, your readers may be glad to be referred to an article in Once a Week, vol. iii. p. 188. E. WALFORD, M.A.

Hyde Park Mansions, N.W.

BLAZER (7th S. iii. 408, 436).-PROF. SKEAT may like to be reminded that the "Johnian blazer" is not the first of the family. It has a collateral ancestor in "Blazes," the familiar appellative for footmen arrayed in breeches of scarlet or crimson plush, when such breeches were. So Sam Weller addressed Mr. Tuckle at the " swarry." I have no evidence, but I have a strong impression that the title was earlier than Dickens, not invented by him. I should think that other examples of it may be found in the light literature of half a century back, but it has missed a place in the New Dictionary.' C. B. MOUNT.

If ESTE possesses the pamphlet on Joanna Southcott which he mentions, would he kindly allow me to borrow it for a short time? It shall be carefully read and returned at once.

C. F. S. WARREN, M.A. The Cottage, Fulbourn, Cambridge.

CONVICTS SHIPPED TO THE COLONIES (7th S. ii. 162, 476; iii. 58, 114, 193).—The reference of R. H. H. to Cornet Blackburn I cannot find in Carlyle's 'Cromwell.' Will he kindly make it more definite? Elizabeth Canning also, however "notorious" in the view of J. J. S., is to me a great unknown. What was her crime? I have searched in vain for any notice concerning her in our histories of the town of Wethersfield. MAJOR NASH deserves, and has, my thanks for his refer

ence to the emigrant lists drawn up by J. C. Hotten. That work, however, I find to show only political rebels, who are often reckoned martyrs, without the mention of a single man as guilty of a moral offence. There must be records of another character. Where are they? JAMES D. BUTLER.

Madison, Wis., U.S.

'THE GOLDEN LEGEND' (7th S. iii. 476). The Pope who excommunicated the forgers of false miracles and the inventors of visions and prohibited their use by preachers was Leo X., in the eleventh session of the Lateran Council of 1516 (Hard., Conc.,' t. ix. col. 1806, sq.). Melchior Canus, A.D. 1523-1560, made bishop of the Canary Islands in 1552, and one of those who were summoned to the Council of Trent by Paul III., writes of the 'Legenda Aurea' to this effect

1605.

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"In illo enim libro miraculorum monstra sæpius quam vera miracula legas: hanc homo scripsit ferrei oris, plumbei cordis, animi certe parum severi et prudentis.”—' Loci Theol.,' 1. xi. c. vi. p. 540, Col. Agr., For references to these authorities, with further treatment of the subject, see Jer. Taylor, 'Liberty of Prophecying,' sec. xi. 6, vol. v. pp. 507, 8,

Eden.

I am not aware of the passage in Dr. Milner's writings to which ANON. refers; but in his Historical and Critical Inquiry into the Existence and Character of St. George,' London, 1792, pp. 23, 24, there is this in the text, referring to the "famous author of the Golden Legend,' who died in 1298":

"It is true this legend being once set on was soon adopted by other writers of equal judgment, and of the same turn of mind as Voragine."

While in the note there is a reference to Baronius, who writes:

"In nullis enim, quæ recensuimus, S. Georgii actis antiquis quicquam ejusmodi legitur, sed a Jacobo de Voragine, absque aliqua majorum auctoritate ea ad historiam referuntur. Baronius, 'Mart. Rom.,' ad April, 23, p. 156, Par., 1607.

ED. MARSHALL.

Is this the passage to which ANON. refers? It occurs in letter xxiv. of the 'End of Religious Controversy ':

"I agree with him and you in rejecting the 'Legenda Aurea of Jacobus de Voragine, the Speculum' of Vicentius Belluacensis, the 'Saints' Lives' of the Patrician Metaphrastes, and scores of similar legends." In a foot-note:

"Pope Gelasius in the fifth century condemned several apocryphal Gospels, as also several false legends of Saints, and among the latter the common ones of St. George.'

NATH. J. HONE.

CROWNATION (7th S. iii. 516).—It is not clear whether Macaulay was referring to the spelling

crownation, or only to the solecism of writing I for me. It cannot be correct to say that crownation is "formed according to the analogy of starvation," for starvation is a late-formed hybrid word; if not actually the coinage of Dundas himself, yet at any rate new to English ears in his day; while Queen Mary's crownation is much older, and merely a slightly modified Latin word. There seems no reason why crownation should not have existed alongside of coronation or coronacion in very early days. The 'Peterborough Chronicle' has coronan in A.D. 1111; the 'Ormulum' has the contracted form crune; Henry III., in his English proclamation, has "of ure cruninge" in 1258; the 'Promptorium Parvulorum' has corowne and crowne, corownere and crownere, coronacyon and corownynge. So we have coronet and crownet; and Minsheu later calls the Lord Chief Justice both coroner and crowner. In fact, the double forms long existed side by side. In somewhat like manner Chaucer has salvation and the 'Ancren Riwle' sauuation; and a form savation is mentioned by Prof. Earle. Halliwell, in his Dictionary,' quotes crownation, and it probably died away with crowner, crownet, spelling. It still exists in provincial dialects, as in as less refined than the more correct-looking Latin Sussex, and Mr. Peacock quotes an instance from Kirton-in-Lindsey Church accounts, A.D. 1638, in his Glossary of Words used in Manley and Corringham' (Dialect Society). O. W. TANCOCK.

Norwich.

MAYPOLE CUSTOM (7th S. iii. 345, 462).—The use of holly in dressing the maypole recalls to my mind another use of the evergreen which may be worth noting. Up to the year 1854 the admission to the freelege of this borough was, among other things, by "going through the well," a pond about a hundred feet long by fifteen or sixteen wide, and three to five deep. On the day, April 25, a pole, surmounted with a large holly bush, was planted in front of the dwelling of each candidate. They were literally such, for on arriving at the well, about four miles off, they stripped and dressed in white, with caps ornamented with silk ribbons, for the muddy plunge. Forty-six years ago I underwent the ordeal. The reforming spirit of the age put an end to it at the time named above; but it was the source of much innocent mirth.

Alnwick,

G. H. THOMPSON.

FEMALE POETS (7th S. iii. 362, 502).-Your correspondent A. H. asks for particulars concerning Dame Joanne Kauley. I can furnish him with a few notes concerning a lady of this name, living at the time in question, and very likely identical with the poetess. A charter of John de Mowbray, dated at Melton Mowbray, the Wednesday (Meskerdy) after St. Lawrence, 39 Edw. III. (Aug. 13, 1365), makes a grant to Joan Cauleye for bringing

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