exhibited in the large proportion of wretched "incurables," who weep and shout and howl all day long and all night long in lunatic asylums and Bedlam hospitals.

Does it explain anything to pronounce a certain effect "inflammation"? After examination, your physician reports your child sick with "measles;" or, perhaps, "scarlet-fever;" while yourself are down sick with another manifestation called "rheumatism;" or, possibly, "paralysis" with approaching signs of "apoplexy." Or he may, from your cerebral excitement and nervous disturbances, report " delirium" and proximating "insanity."

These are names scientifically given to "effects." What the physician really does say is this: "Your tissues, fluids, organs, and vital forces are, for some unknown cause or causes, deranged to such an extent that they are unable fully to perform their appropriate functions." The particular local disease you manifest is immediately caused by your constitutional, special, and predisposing weakness in the direct line of developed effect," which your physician has so scientifically nominated.

Big Bill, being a great "rough," inflames Henry Heat's brain. How does Bill inflict this injury? Simply by uttering certain offensive words. Nothing but

sound-a disturbance among the atoms of the common air! Nevertheless, instantly, like a flash of lightning, accompanied with its appropriate thunder clap, Mr. Heat knocks Big Bill down with his hard fist, and in thirty minutes the strong man is dead. The jury's verdict is: "Death from fracture of the skull, caused by a blow delivered by Henry Heat !"

Now the immediate cause of Rough Bill's death was plainly his broken skull; the cause behind that was the powerful blow from Mr. Heat's mighty arm and clenched fist; the cause back of all that act was his inflamed mental power; but what was the procuring and primally-governing cause of that sudden cerebral inflammation? Nothing but a few sounds-mere words, spoken by the tongue of Mr. Bill-and yet you here behold the horrible "effect"!

Medical jurisprudence and statutory laws will be favorable to justice, to love, and to the growth of the great humanity, only when men arrive at a just knowledge and true valuation of the causes and conditions in Henry Heat's mental constitution, which, without a moment's reflection, impelled him to commit the "insane" deed of manslaughter upon the person of Rough Bill.

The sum and essence of "insanity" come to the surface only in "effects." The radical causes lie hidden in the peculiar combination of elements and pro

pensities which make up that particular individual known as Henry Heat.

Medical men follow strictly and persistently the inductive law of reasoning, just as all materialists instinctively do, and have done, in all ages of the world; and the result is manifested in the universal ignorance of the laws of psychology, and still more in the superficial treatment of the mentally and morally diseased in our lunatic asylums.

Drink deeper at the spring of primative causes of human sorrow and insanity! This is the momentous admonition, warm with the breath of wise and loving angels-to which obedience is now imperatively demanded: Drink deeper at the fountain of causation!

HISTORICAL INFORMATION CONCERNING INSANITY

AND ITS PHENOMENA.

INDIVIDUAL life and the general life of the human world exactly represent and correspond with each other; the lesser embodying in a minute degree all that is contained in and manifested by the whole universe; therefore, by observing and conscientiously analyzing the constituents and synthesis of the individual, we arrive by infallible successive steps at a correct knowledge of the possessions and experiences of the universal race of man.

Already I have shown that there are periods or eras in the life of the race when insanity, in one or another of its various forms, prevails and rages like an epidemic of propagative madness. Even so you will observe that there are certain seasons, or stages, or private crises, in the life of individual man and woman, when the maladies and madness of insanity appear and prevail with fearful intensity.

Certain periodic psychological storms, and certain consequent electrical disturbances, in the aural atmos

phere of the general mind, are legitimately and scientifically certain to report and register themselves in corresponding emotional storms and insane paroxysms upon the responsively impressible organs of the individual mind.

The greater number of cases of mental maladies occur between the twentieth and the thirtieth year. The years in a person's life before the twentieth and after the eightieth, yield the smallest number of cases.

The morally or socially changeable period in the life of youth, called the "age of puberty," furnishes a singular variety of social, moral, and spiritual disturbances. At this juncture girls are in far more danger than their brothers. Greater functional disturbances occur in the pubescent period of a girl; wherefore, between the ages of twelve and eighteen, more girls than boys are infected with insanity.

Again, when women approach the climacteric era in their physical and mental history, called "a change of life," the functional disturbances often induce eccentric and exasperating cerebral perturbations. And men, between the ages of fifty and sixty, because passing through an analogous physiological period with the organs all matured, develop a great number of cases, exhibiting modifications of disorders known as melancholia, dementia, and decay or softening in the brain