(2.) LIVIUS ANDRONICUS, a comic poet who flourished at Rome about A. A.C. 240. He was the firft who turned the perfonal fatires and fefcennine verfes into the form of a proper dialogue and regular play. Though the character of a player was reckoned defpicable among the Romans, Andronicus acted a part in his dramatical compofitions, and engaged the attention of his audience, by repeating what he had laboured, after the manner of the Greeks. He was the freed man of M. Livius Salinator, whofe children he educated. His poetry was grown obfolete in the age of Cicero, who would not even recommend the reading of it. proved by all mankind, by whofe almost invincible, cenfured too, and perhaps with juftice, for being pen the acts and exploits of the invincible Romans too credulous, and loading his hiftory with fuperwere written." These bones are ftill preferved ftitious tales. But though he mentions that mük with high veneration, by the Paduans. In 1451, and blood were rained from heaven, or that an ox Alphonfus, king of Arragon, fent his ambaffador fpoke, or a woman changed her fex; yet he canAnthony Panormita, to desire of the citizens of didly confeffes, that he recorded only what made Padua the bone of that arm with which this their an indelible impreffion upon the minds of a crefamous countryman had written his hiftory: and dulous age. Quintilian fays, that he had a fon, obtaining it, caused it to be conveyed to Naples to whom he addreffed fome excellent precepts in with the greateft ceremony as a moft invaluable rhetoric. An ancient infcription speaks also of relic. He is faid to have recovered from an ill one of his daughters, named Livia Quarta; the ftate of health by the pleasure he found in reading fame, perhaps, who efpoufed that orator Lucius this hiftory: and therefore, out of gratitude, took Magius, whom Seneca mentions; and obferves, this method of doing extraordinary honours to that the applaufes he ufually received from the the memory of the writer. Panormita alfo, who public in his harangues, were not so much on his was a native of Palermo in Sicily, and one of the own account, as for the fake of his father-in-law. ableft men of the 15th century, fold an eftate to Livy's hiftory has been often published with and purchase this work. The hiftory of Livy is tranf- without the fupplement. The best editions are mitted down to us exceedingly mutilated and im- that of Gronovius, cum notis variorum et fuis, perfect. Its books were originally 142, of which Lugd. Bat. 1679, 3 vols. 8vo.; that of Le Clerc, only 35 are extant. The epitomes of it, from at Amfterdam, 1709, 10 vols. 12mo; and that of which we learn their number, all remain, except Crevier, at Paris, 1735, 6 vols. 4to. A fragment thofe of the 136th and 137th books. Livy's books of Livy's hiftory, lately discovered, was published have been divided into decade, which fome will in 1773 by Dr Bruns. have to have been done by Livy himself, because there is a preface to every decade; while others fuppofe it to be a modern contrivance, as nothing about it is mentioned by the ancients. The firft decade is extant, and treats of the affairs of 460 years. The ad is loft; the years of which are 75. The 3d is extant, and contains the 2d Punic war, including 18 years. It is reckoned the most excellent part of the hiftory. The 4th contains the Macedonian and Afiatic wars, which take up the fpace of about 23 years. The first 5 books of the 5th decade were found at Worms, by Simon Grynæus, in 1431, but are very defective; and the remainder, which reaches to the death of Drufus in Germany in 746, together with the 2d decade, are fupplied by Freinshemius.. The encomiums bestowed upon Livy, by both ancients and moderns, are great and numerous. But his probity, candour, and impartiality, have diftinguished him above all historians; for neither complaifance to the times, nor his particular connection with the emperor, could restrain him from speaking fo well of Pompey, that Auguftus called him a Pompeian. This we learn from Cremutius Cordus, in Tacitus; who relates alfo, much to the emperor's honour, that this gave no interruption to their friendship. But whatever eulogies Livy received as an hiftorian, he has not escaped cenfure as a writer. His cotemporary, Afinius Pollio, charged him with Patavinity; which word has been variously explained, but is generally fuppofed to relate to his tyle. The moft common opinion is, that Pollio, accustomed to the delicate language spoken in the court of Auguftus, could not bear certain Paduan idioms, which Livy used in divers places of his hiftory. Pignorius fays that this Pativinity regarded the orthography of certain words wherein Livy used one letter for another, fuch as fibe and quafe for fibi and quafi; which he attempts to prove by feveral ancient infcriptions. Neither the expreflions, however, nor the orthography, are loaded with obfcurity, and the claffic fcholar is as familiarly acquainted with thefe fuppofed provincialifms as with the pureft Latinity-Livy has been LIUNG, two towns of Sweden: 1. in E. Gothland, 8 miles NNW. of Linkioping: 2. in W. Gothland, 8 miles S. of Uddevalla. LIVOGNE, a town of the French republic, in Piedmont, and late duchy of Aofta, 7 miles W. of Aofta. LIVONIA, a large province or duchy of the Ruffian empire; bounded on the N. by the gulph of Finland, W. by that of Riga, S. by Courland, and E. partly by Plefcow, and partly by Novogorod. It is about 250 miles long from N. to S. and 150 broad. It is fo fertile in corn, that it is called the granary of the north; and would produce a great deal more, if it were not fo full of lakes, abounding in falmon, carp, pikes, flat fish, &c. In the forefts there are wolves, bears, elks, rein-deer, ftags, and hares. The domeftic animals are very numerous; but the sheep bear very coarfe wool. Forefts are numerous, and confift of birch trees, pines, and oaks. All the boufes are built with wood. The merchandizes which they fend abroad are flax, hemp, honey, wax, leather, fkins, and potashes. The Swedes were formerly poffeffed of this province, but were obliged to abandon it to the Ruffians after the battle of Pultowa; and it was ceded to them by the peace of 1722, which was confirmed by another treaty in 1742. It is divided into two provinces, viz. Letonia and Efthonia; and two iflands called Oefel and Dagho, which are fubdivided into feve ral districts. which was built by Nicholas the 3d baron, who first made causeways to this place, the land being marthy. Lon. 9. 15. W. Lat. 52. 15. N. LIXURI, a town in the isle of Cefalonia. LIXUS. See LIXA. LIVONICA TERRA, a kind of fine bole used in the fhops of Germany and Italy; found in Livonia, and fome other parts. It is generally brought to us in little cakes, fealed with the impreffion of a church and an efcutcheon, with two cross keys. (1.) LIVORNO, a town of the French republic, in the military prov. of Piedmont : 4 miles N. of Crefcentio, and 11 NE. of Chivaffo. (2.) LIVORNO. See LEGHORN & LIBURNUS, § 2. LIUR, a town of Sweden, in W. Gothland. (1.) * LIVRE. n. f. [French.] The fum by which the French reckon their money, equal nearly to our fhilling. (2.) A LIVRE contains 20 fols. See MONEY. LIVRON, a town of France, in the dep. of Doubs; 74 m. W. of Crest, and 1o4 S. of Valence. LIVRY, a town of France in the dep. of the Seine and Oife, 9 miles NE. of Paris. LIUSTERNO, an island of Sweden. LIV, a town of Poland, in Mafovia. LIXA, or LIXUS, in ancient geography, a town on the coaft of the Atlantic, near the LIXUS; made a Roman colony by Claudius; famous in mythology for the palace of Anteus and his encounter with Hercules, (Pliny.) It is now called LARACHE, 65 leagues S. of Gibraltar. } LIXEIM, or a town of France, in the dep. of LIXHEIM, the Meurthe, 4 miles NE. of Sarburg, and 9 W. of Savern. * LIXIVIAL. adj. [from lixivium, Latin.] r. Impregnated with falts like a lixivium.-The symp toms of the excretion of the bile vitiated, were a yellowish colour of the skin, and a lixivial urine. Arbuth. 2. Obtained by lixivium -Helment conjectured, that lixivial falts do not pre-exist in their alcalizate form. Boyle. LIXIVIATE. adj. [lixivieux, French; from lixivium.] Making a lixivium.-In thefe the falt and lixiviated ferolity, with fome portion of choler, is divided between the guts and the bladder. Brawn.-Lixiviate falts, to which pot-afhes belong, by piercing the bodies of vegetables, dispose them to part readily with their tincture. Boyle. LIXIVIATION. n. s. See CHEMISTRY, Index. LIXIVIOUS, adj. an appellation given to falts obtained from burnt vegetables by pouring water on their afhes. (1.) * LIXIVIUM. n. f. [Latin.] Lye; water impregnated with alkaline falt, produced from the athes of vegetables; a liquor which has the power of extraction.-I made a lixivium of fair water and falt of wormwood, and having frozen it with fnow and falt, I could not difcern any thing more like to wormwood than to feveral other plants. Boyle. (2.) LIXIVIUM. See CHEMISTRY, Index. LIXNAW, or a barony and village of Ireland, LIXNOW, in the county of Kerry. The caftle in the village is the ancient feat of the earls of Kerry, and is pleafantly feated on the river Brick, which is cut into feveral canals, that adorn the plantations and gardens. The improvements are extenfive, most of the viftoes and avenues terminating by different buildings, feats, and farm、 houfes. The tide flows up to the gardens, whereby boats of confiderable burden may bring up goods to the bridge near to the houfe. There are two ftone bridges over the Brick, the oldeft of LI-YANG, a town of China, in Kiang-Nan. (1.)* LIZARD. n. f. lifarde, French; lacertus, Latin.] An animal resembling a serpent, with legs added to it.-There are feveral forts of lizards; fome in Arabia of a cubit long. In America they eat lizards; it is very probable likewife that they were eaten in Arabia and Judæa, fince Mofes ranks them among the unclean creatures. Calmet.Thou'rt like a foul mif-fhapen ftigmatic, Mark'd by the deftinies to be avoided, As venomous toads, or lizards dreadful stings. Shak Shak. Adder's fork, and blind worm's fting, Lizard's leg, and owlet's wing. (2.) LIZARD. See LACERTA, II. 1, 4-7; 15, 18, 22. (3.) LIZARD, in geography, or the LIZARD POINT, a cape of Cornwall, reckoned the most fouthern point of land in England, feated at the N. entrance of the British Channel. Lon. 5. 15. W. Lat. 49. 58. N. (4.) LIZARD ISLAND, one of the DIRECTION ISLANDS, in the fouth Sea, fo named by Captain Cook from its abounding with these reptiles. It is 24 miles in circumference. * LIZARDSTONE. n. f. [lizard and flone.] A kind of stone. * (1.) LIZARDTAIL. n. f. A plant. (2.) LIZARD-TAIL. See PIPER and SAURURUS. LIZIER, ST, a town of France, in the dept. of Arriege, 2 miles N. of St Girons. LIZOU-TCHEOU, a city of China, of the first rank, in the prov. of Quang-fi, on the river Long; 1037 miles SSW. of Pekin. Lon. 126. 33. E. Ferro. Lat. 24. 12. N. LLAMELIN, a town of S. America, in Lima. LLANARTH. See LANARTH. LLANBEDER, a town and river of S. Wales, in Cardiganfh. 24 m. E. by N. of Cardigan, and 197 WNW. of London. Lon. 4. 13. W. Lat. 52. 15. N. LLANBERDARN VAWE, a fea port of Cardiganfhire, 2 miles E. of Aberystwith. LLANDAFF. See LANDAFF. LLANDILOVAWR, a town of Caermarthenshire, on the Towey, 16 miles NE. of Caermarthen, and 196 WNW. of London. Lon. 4. 3. W. Lat. 51. 55. N. LLANELLY, a town of Caermarthenshire, 13 miles S. by E. of Caermarthen, and 216 WNW. of London. Lon. 4. 13. W. Lat. 51. 43. N. LLANES, a town of Spain, in Afturias. LLANGADOCK, a town of Caermarthensh. between the Brane and the Sawthy, 18 miles NE. of Caermarthen, and 185 WNW. of London. LLANGOLLEN, a town of N. Wales, in Denbighshire, with a beautiful bridge over the Dee, feated in the midst of very romantic scenery, 7 m. SW. of Wrexham, and 184 NW. of London. LLANIMDOVERY, a town of Wales, in Caermarthenfh. near the Towey; 26 miles NE. of Caermarthen, and 181 WNW. of London. Lon. 3. 53. W. Lat. 51. 56. N. LLANOS, (4.5.)LLOYD,or LHOYD. See LHOYD OF LHUYD. (6.) LLOYD, in geography, a river of N. Wales, which runs into the Severn, near Llanydios. LLANOS, a town of Spain, in Grenada. LLANRWST, a market town of N. Wales, in Denbighshire, 15 miles SW. of Denbigh, and 222 NW. of London. Lon 3.58. W. Lat. 53.6. N. LLANTRISSENT, an ancient town of Glamorganfh. among hills, 10 miles NW. of Llandaff, and 116 W. of London. Lon. 3. 26. W. Lat. 51. 37. N. LLANVEDER, a river in Merionethshire. LLANVILLING, a town of Montgomeryshire, among hills, near the Cane; 15 miles N. of Montgomery, and 179 NW. of London. Lon. 3. 8. W. Lat. 52. 40. N. LLANYDLOS, a town of Montgomeryshire, with a great market for woollen yarn; 18 miles SW. of Montgomery, and 180 WNW. of London. LLAUGHARN, a well built trading town of Caermarthenshire, on the mouth of the Towey; 7 miles SW. of Caermarthen, and 233 WNW. of London. Lon. 4. 33. W. Lat. 51. 57. N. *L. L. D. [legum Doctor.] A doctor of the canon and civil laws. LLEDDING, a river in Montgomeryshire. LLEMONY, a river in Caernarvonshire. LLERENA, a town of Spain, in Eftremadura. LLEYNGORYL, a river in Merionethshire. LLIRIA, a town of Spain in Valencia. LLOGHOR, a river in Caermarthenshire. LLORET, a town of Spain, in Catalonia. (1.) LLOYD, Nicholas, a learned lexicographer, in the 17th century, born in Flintshire, and educated at Wadham college, Oxford. He was rector of Newington, near Lambeth in Surry, till his death in 1680. His Dictionarium Hiftoricum is a valuable work, to which Hoffman and Moreri are greatly indebted. (2.) LLOYD, Robert, an English poet, fon of Dr Pierfon Lloyd, 2d master of Westminster school, where Robert was educated. He took his degree of M. A. at Cambridge. He published a poem, entitled the A&or, in 1760, the merit of which was fo great, that when the Rofciad appeared he was fuppofed to be the author of it too. He was employed as ufher at Westminster school, but loft it by his irregularities; and afterwards lived almost entirely by the generofity of his friend Churchill, the poet. He died in 1764. His poems were published by Dr Kenrick in two vols. 8vo. He alfo wrote the Capricious Lover, a comic opera; 1764, 8vo. and other dramatic pieces. (3.) LLOYD, William, D. D. a learned English bishop, born in Berkshire, in 1627; and educated under his father, who was vicar of Tylehurst in Berkshire. He took orders at Oxford; in 1660, was made prebendary of Rippon; and in 1666 chaplain to the king. In 1667 he graduated; in 1672 he was inftalled dean of Bangor; and in 1680 was confecrated Bp. of St. Afaph. He was one of the 7 bishops who were imprisoned in the Tower, for subscribing a petition to the king against his declaration for liberty of confcience. Soon after the revolution he was made almoner to K. William and Q. Mary: in 1692, bishop of Litchfield and Coventry; and in 1699, of Worcefter, where he fat till his death, in 1717, the 91ft year of his age. Dr Burnet gives him a high character, and his works are much esteemed. LLUE, a river of N. Wales in Merionethih. LLULLA, a district of S. America, in Truxillo. Its chief trade is in tobacco and almonds. LLYNAN, a river in Caernarvonshire. (1.) LO. interjed. [la, Saxon.] Look; fee; behold. It is a word used to recal the attention generally to fome object of fight; fometimes to fomething heard, but not properly; often to fomething to be understood. Lo! within a ken our army lies. Shak. Now muft the world point at poor Catharine, And fay, lo! there is mad Petruchio's wife. Shak Lo! I have a weapon, A better never did itself sustain Shak Why lo you now, I've spoke to the purpose twice. For lo he fung the world's ftupenduous birth. Lo! heav'n and earth combine To blaft our bold defign. Shak. Rofcom. Dryden. (2, 3.) Lo, two rivers of China, in Chen-fi, and Hou-quang. (4.) Lo, ST, a town of France, in the dep. of the Channel, on the Vire. It has manufactures of ferges, fhalloons, ribbons, gold-lace, &c. and lies 12 miles from Coutances and 125 from Paris. Lon. o. 53. W. Lat. 49. 6. N. (1.) * LOACH. n. f. [loche, Fr.]-The loach is a moft dainty fifh; he breeds and feeds in little and clear fwift brooks or rills, and lives there upon the gravel, and in the sharpeft ftreams: he grows not to be above a finger long, and no thicker than is suitable to that length: he is of the shape of an eel, and has a beard of wattels like a barbel: he has two fins at his fides, four at his belly, and one at his tail, dappled with many black or brown fpots: his mouth, barbel like, under his nofe. This fifh is ufually full of eggs or spawn, and is by Gefner, and other phyficians, commended for great nourishment, and to be very grateful both to the palate and ftomach of fick perfons, and is to be fished for with a fmall worm, at the bottom, for he feldom rises above the gravel. Walton. (2.) LOACH, in ichthyology. See COBITIS. (1.)* LOAD. n. f. [blade, Saxon.] 1. A burthen; a freight: lading. 2. Fair plant with fruit furcharg'd, Deigns none to cafe thy load, and taste thy fweet? Milton. Then on his back he laid the precious load, And fought his wonted fhelter. Dryd. Let India boaft her groves, nor envy we Weight; preffure; encumbrance.- Th' enormous mafs, the labour of a god. Pepe. 3. Weight, or violence of blows. Like lions mov'd, they laid on load, And made a cruel fight. Chevy Chace Far Far heavier load thyfelf expect to feel From my prevailing arm. Milton. -And Mneftheus laid hard load upon his helm. Dryden. 4. Any thing that depreffes.--How a man can have a quiet and cheerful mind under a great burden and load of guilt, I know not, unleis he be very ignorant. Ray. 5. As much drink as one can bear.-There are thofe that can never fleep without their load, nor enjoy one eafy thought, till they have laid all their cares to reft with a bottle. L'Eftrange. The thund'ring god, Ev'n he withdrew to reft, and had his load. Dryd. (2.)* LOAD. n. f. [more properly lode, as it was anciently written; from ladan, Saxon, to lead.] The leading vein in a mine.-The tin lay couched at firft in certain ftrakes amongst the rocks, like the veins in a man's body, from the depth whereof the main load fpreadeth out his branches, until they approach the open air. Cares.-Their manner of working in the lead mines, is to follow the load as it lieth. Carew. (3.) LOAD, or LODE, ( 2.) is ufed, particularly in the tin mines, for any regular vein or course, whether metallic or not; but moft/commonly for a metallic vein. Mines in general are veins or cavities within the earth, whofe fides receding from or approaching to each other, make them of unequal breadths in different places, fome times forming large spaces, which are called boles; thefe holes are filled like the reft with fubftances, which, whether metallic, or of any other nature, are called loads. When the fubftances forming thefe loads are reducible to metal, the loads are by the English miners faid to be alive, otherwife they are termed dead loads. In Cornwall and Devonshire the loads all hold their course from E. to W. though in other parts of England they frequently run from N. to S. The miners report, that the fides of the load never bear in a perpendicular, but always overhang either to the N. or S. above. The mines feem to have been fo many channels through which the waters pass within the earth; and like rivers they have their fmall branches opening into them in all directions: thefe are by the miners termed the feeders of the load. Moft mines have ftreams of water running through them; and when they are found dry, it feems owing to the water having changed its courfe; which it feems fometimes to have been compelled to do, by the load having filled up the course, and fometimes to have fallen into other more eafy channels. The load is frequently intercepted by the croffing of a vein of earth or ftone, or fome other metalline fubftance; in which cafe it generally happens, that one part of the load is moved to a confiderable distance on one fide. This tranfient load is, by the miners, termed a flooking; and the part of the load, which is moved, is by them faid to be heaved. This fracture or heave of a load, according to Mr Price, is produced by a fubfidence of the ftrata from their pri mary pofitions, which he fuppofes to have been horizontal or parallel to the surface of the earth, and therefore thould more properly be called a depreffion than a heave. This heaving of the load would be an inexpreffible lofs to the miner, VOL. XIII. PART I. did not experience teach him, that as the loads always run on the fides of the hills, fo the part heaved is always moved toward the descent of the hill; fo that the miner, working toward the a7cent of the hill, and meeting a flooking, confices s himself as working in the heaved part; wherefor cutting through the flooking, he works upon back up the afcent of the hill, till he recovers the load, and vice verfa. See MINE. (4.) LOAD is alfo ufed for nine difhes of each dish being about half a hundred weight. *To LOAD. v. a. pret. loaded; part. loader or laden. [bladan, Sax.] 1. To burden; to freight.--At laft, laden with honour's fpoils, Returns the good Andronicus to Rome. Shak. -Your carriages were heavy loaden. Ifa. xlvi. 1 2. To encumber; to embarrafs.-He that makes no reflections on what he reads, only loud tis mind with a rhapsody of tales, fit in winter nigris for the entertainment of others. Locke. charge a gun.-A mariner having difcharged nis gun, and loading it fuddenly again, the powder took fire. Wiseman. 4. To make heavy by fomething appended or annexed. Thy dreadful vow, loaden with death, ftill founds In my ftunn'd ears. Addison. LOADED SHELL, an ingenious contrivance for faving the lives of people in imminent danger, on board a ship, when the vefiel is either franc ed, or in danger of being fo, near the coaft. is a bomb fhell filled with lead, wherein a fapte er ring is fixed, to which a rope is faftened; and sis fhell, thus loaded, being thrown on thore, fixes itself in the ground, and the other end of the rapi being faftened to the hip, the perfons on t are thereby enabled to haul themfelves a-fhore was invented by John Bell, Serjeant of the R. & giment of Artillery, who obtained a premium it, of 50 guineas, in 1792, from the Society for Encouragement of Arts, &c. after exhibiting its utility and practicability before a committee of the Society. On this occafion a loaded fheil weighing about 70 lb. was thrown on fhore, from a tmall mortar fixed in a boat, moored in the Thanics, about 200 yards from the coaft. The thell fa ng about 100 yards within land, buried itself about 18 inches in the gravel, when Bell and his affiitant, on a raft floated by cafks properly ballafled, hauled themfelves a-fhore in a few minutes by the rope affixed to the thell. * LOADER. n. f. [from load.] He who loads. * LOADSMEN. n. f. [lode and man.] He who leads the way; a pilot. * LOADSTAR. n. S. [more properly as it is in Maundeville lodeftar, from lædan, to lead.] The poleftar; the cynofure; the leading or guiding ftar-She was the loadftar of my life; the the bleffing of mine eyes; he the overthrow of my defires, and yet the recompence of mine overthrow. Sidney.My Helice, the loadfar of my life. Spenser.— O happy fair! Your eyes are loadflars, and your tongue sweet air! Shak. That clear majefty Which ftandeth fix'd, yet spreads her heavenly worth, PP Lodeftone Lodeftone to hearts, and loadstar to all eyes. Davies. (1.)* LOADSTONE. n. S. [properly lodestone or lading ftone. See LOADSTAR.] The magnet; the ftone on which the mariners compafs needle is touched to give it a direction north and fouth.— The loadtone is a peculiar and rich ore of iron, found in large maffes, of a deep iron grey where freth broken, and often tinged with a brownish or reddish colour; it is very heavy, and confiderably hard, and its great character is that of affecting iron. This ore of iron is found in England, and most other places where there are mines of that metal. Hill.-The ufe of the loadftone was kept as fecret as any of the other myfteries of the art. Swift. (2.) LOADSTONE. See MAGNET. * LOAF. n. f. [from hlaf or laf, Sax.] 1. A mafs of bread as it is formed by the baker: a loaf is thicker than a cake.— Eafy it is Of a cut loaf to steal a fhive we know. Shak. -The bread corn in the town fufficed not for fix days: hereupon the foldiers entered into proportion; and, to give example, the lord Clinton limited himself to a loaf à-day. Hayward.-With equal force you may break a loaf of bread into more and lefs parts, than a lump of lead of the fame bignefs. Digby. 2. Any thick mafs into which a body is wrought.-Your wine becomes fo limpid, that you may bottle it with a piece of loaf fugar in each bottle. Mortimer. (1.) * LOAM. n. f. \lim, laam, Sax. limus, Lat. from un, a fen, Junius. Fat unctuous tenacious earth; marl. The pureft treasure Is fpotlefs reputation; that away, Shak. -Alexander returned to duft: the duft is earth; of earth we make loam; and why of that loam might they not stop a beer barrel? Shak. (2.) LOAM, in natural hiftory, is an earth compofed of diffimilar particles, ftiff, denfe, hard, and rough to the touch; not easily broke while moift, readily diffufible in water, and compofed of fand and a tough vifcid clay. Of thefe loams fome are whitish and others brown and yellow. * To LOAM. v. a. [from the noun.] To fmear with loam, marl, or clay; to clay.-The joift ends, and girders which be in the walls, mult be loamed all over, to preferve them from the corroding of the mortar. Moxon. *LOAMY. adj. [from loam.] Marly.-The mellow earth is the beft, between the two extremes of clay and fand, if it be not loamy and binding. Bacon-Auricula feedlings best like a loamy fand. Evelyn. (1.)* LOAN. n. f. [hian, Sax.] "Any thing lent; any thing given to another, on condition of return or repayment.-The better fuch ancient revenues fhall be paid, the lefs need her majefty afk fubfidies, fifteens, and loans. Bacon. Thy friend and old acquaintance dares difown The gold you lent him, and forfwear the loan. Dryden. (2.) LOANS, PUBLIC. See FUND, § 3; and NATIONAL DEBT. (1.) LOANDA, a province of the kingdom of ANGOLA, in Africa. It is an ifland about 15 miles long, and 3 broad. It is fupplied with fresh water from wells dug in it, which are not funk 3 feet, when they are filled with excellent water. It is remarkable, however, that the water of these wells continues good only during the time of high tide; for, as that finks, the water becomes more and more brackish, till at laft it is almost as falt as the fea itself. On the coaft of this ifland are fished the zimbis, or fhells used in several places of Africa inftead of money; and with these shells, inftead of coin, is carried on a great part of the traf fic of this country. It is 18 miles long, but not 2 broad; contains one town and 7 villages; and abounds in cattle, corn, and fruits. (2.) LOANDA, a town in the above island, capital of Angola, built by the Portuguese in 1578. It is large, populous, and pleasantly seated on the declivity of a hill near the fea-coaft, facing the SW. It contains about iooo white inhabitants, and 4000 blacks and mulattoes. Lon. 12. 25. E. Lat. 8. 45. S. (1.) LOANGO, a kingdom of Africa, about 180 geographical miles long from S. to N. from cape St Catharine, in Lat. 2° S. to a small river called Lovanda Louifia, in Lat. 5° S. From W. to E. it extends from Cape Negro on the coast of Ethi opia towards the Buchumalean mountains, (fo called on account of their vast quantity of ivory and great droves of elephants), about 300 miles. It is divided into 4 principal provinces, viz. Lovangiri, Loango-mongo, Chilongo, and Piri. The inhabitants are very black, well-fhaped, and of a mild temper. The men wear long petticoats, from the waift downwards, and have round the waist a piece of cloth half an ell or a quarter broad, over which they wear the fkin of fome wild beaft, hanging before them like an apron. On their head they wear a cap made of grafs, and quilted with a feather a-top of it; and on their shoulder, or in their hand, they carry a buffalo's tail, to drive away the mufkettoes. The women's petticoats are made only of fraw, about an ell fquare, which leave the greatest part of their thighs and buttocks bare: the reft of their body is quite bare, except that on their legs they wear fmall ftrings of beads made of thells, and bracelets of ivory on their arms. They anoint themselves with palm-oil, mixed with a kind of red wood reduced to powder. Every man marries as many wives as he pleafes, who are obliged to get their hufbands a livelihood, as is the practice all along the African coaft. The women, therefore, cultivate the land, fow, and reap. The people are mild and tractable, and moft of them are faid to be converted to Chrif tianity. This country abounds with poultry, oxen, cows, fheep, goats, elephants, tigers, leopards, civet-cats, and other animals; fo that here are great quantities of elephants teeth, and fine furs, to be traded for. (2.) LOANGO, the capital of the above kingdom, and the city where the king refides, is called alfo Banza-Loangeri, and, in the language of the negroes, Boaric. It is fituated 4 miles from the fea-coaft. It is a pretty large city, fhaded and adorned with bananas, palm, and other trees, The king, who refides in a large palace in the |