It

Along the coast to Agay (12 miles), the next station (whence L'Esterel, as above, may be reached); followed by Cannes (24 miles), a pretty port under the hills, on a bay of the Mediterranean, near which (now marked by a pillar) Napoleon landed, 1st March, 1815, from Elba, with his little army of 800. stands on the site of Oxibia, which the Saracens destroyed. The quay is planted and the old Church is perched on a rock, near an old Gothic château. Lord Brougham's seat, Villa Louise, stands in a fine, shady spot, among orange, citron, and other trees; and there is a memorial to him also. There are gardens of heliotrope, hyacinth, and other sweet flowers. Trade in perfumery, sardines, and anchovies, fruit, wine, oil. Population, 10,000.

Hotels.-Pavillon Hotel.-Well-situated hotel, comfortable and good. Recommended.

Hotel Beau Site.-Charming situation on the west side of Cannes. Well recommended. Proprietor, G. Guogoltz.

Hotel Impérial, kept by Mr. Scholer.-Wellsituated, near the sea-side, overlooking the mountains, &c.

Hotel des Princes et des Anglais.-Well-situated, and commanding a fine view.

Hotel Gray et d'Allemagne.-First-class establishment, near the sea-side, comfortable and clean, moderate charges. Recommended.

Grand Hotel Britannique.-Well-situated near the sea; views of the mountains, etc.

Splendid Hotel, kept by Mr. and Mrs. Bourgeois, proprietors. Good situation, full south.

Gonnet Hotel Victoria; L'Europe; De la Paix; D'Angleterre ; Des Etrangers; Du Nord; and numerous Pensions; as well as furnished and unfurnished rooms.

Cafés-De l'Univers, Casino, Grand Cercle.

ENGLISH HOUSE, ESTATE, AND GENERAL AGENCY, directed by John Taylor, wine merchant, Rue de Fréjus.

An English Vice Consul and several Physicians

are resident.

Three English Churches, Scotch Free Church, &c. In front of the bay are the well-wooded Пles de Serins. On Ste. Marguerite's is a tower, in which Richelieu confined the Man with the Iron Mask (a twin brother of Louis XIV.; his mask was really velvet). It was the prison of ex-Marshal Bazaine till his escape. The island is a dreary tract, 2 miles long by half a mile broad; and is three

quarters of a mile from Croisette Point, at Cannes. St. Honorat has a tower (commanding a noble view), with the chapels, kitchens, the refectory, &c., of an abbey, founded by St. Honorat, Bishop of Arles, in 410. A Rail of 12 miles, from Cannes to Grasse is opened.

A new Hotel de Ville faces the Cours; a Jardin d'Acclimatisation and a Skating Rink have been opened; and new villas are springing up. There are about 800 English residents here.

[At 16 kil. north is Grasse (90 kil. east of Draguignan), an ancient town and sous-préfecture in department Var, among gardens of oranges, lemons, roses, and scented flowers, with a population of 12,020 souls, who distil essences, make perfumery, &c. Napoleon bivouacked hard by, on the rock of Ribes (near the fall), on his way to Paris, 1815. There are beautiful prospects, taking in the Alps and the Mediterranean, as far as Corsica (90 miles). In the chapel to the hospital are three pictures by Rubens. Traces of a palace, built by Jeanne, Countess of Provence, are seen; besides a Roman tower near the Hôtel de Ville, and St. Hilaire's old chapel.]

From Cannes the line passes
Golfe-Jouan (6 miles), to

Antibes (5 miles), a port and military station, in a fine spot under the Maritime Alps, with a jetty made by Vauban. Population, 5,000. This was the first place summoned by Napoleon, when he landed from Elba; and from this, having failed to win over the commander, he struck into the country over the hills, towards Gap.

It was planted by the Greek colonists of Marseilles, like many other towns along this beautiful shore. It has a church, on the site of Diana's temple, two Roman towers, traces of a Roman theatre, and a pillar to Louis XVIII. The bridge over the Brague was carried away by the floods of

January, 1872; the train went over, and drowned thirty passengers, through the neglect of the station master to give timely notice. Flowers of all kinds are grown for essences and perfumery.

From Antibes the line proceeds to VenceCagnes (8 miles), and

Var (6 miles), or St. Laurent-du-Var, at the bridge (262 feet long) over the Var, which brings you into the new department of Alpes Maritimes, ceded by Italy to France, 1860.

25.7

Hotels.-Chauvain's Great Hotel is open all the year. Highly recommended, in every respect, to English families and single gentlemen.

Kraft's Hotel de Nice, kept by MM. Kraft (Bernerhof Suisse); very good situation; excellent accommodation.

Hotel des Anglais, belonging to the Mediterranean Hotel Company Limited, is situated on the best part of the Promenade des Anglais. Every window commands a sea view. Recommended.

Hotel de France.-Well-known first-class hotel, for families and gentlemen.

Hotel de la Grand Bretagne (Limited Company). -First-class establishment, combining comfort with moderate charges; Mr. J. Lavit, manager.

Grand Hotel de la Paix, kept by Messrs. Gavotto and Co. First class and comfortable.

Hotel et Pension Suisse; Pension Victor. English and American Resident Consuls. English Church, in Rue de France. Scotch Church, Rue St. Etienne. English Resident Physicians.

House agent, C. Jougla; where Bradshaw and the Strangers' List may be had.

Furnished apartments are taken by the season, November to May. Board and lodging en pension, 5 to 15fr. a day. A medical man should be consulted as to situation. The suburbs of Carabacal and Cimiés are preferred. Donkeys, invalid carriages, and boats may be hired. Prices of hotels, carriages, and shops, all increasing.

Nice, the birth-place of Garibaldi, stands under Mont Albano, and consists of an old and new town, the latter being well-built, and faced by a Promenade des Anglais, in a line with Quai du Midi, &c. Here are the villas, pensions, and hotels, surrounded by gardens of palms and other exotic plants. The air is pure and healthy; there are no fogs, but changes of temperature are rather sudden. Fruit is cheap. Fine view from the old castle. Steamers come alongside the pier. Boats run to Genoa and Corsica. General Anderson, who commanded Fort Sumter at the outbreak of the American War, died here, 1871. Nice is in Provence, of which the proverb says "Leave the north for the south, the mountain for the plain, the water for the land, and France for Provence." See BRADSHAW'S Continental Guide for further particulars;

Turin.

The road to Genoa, by the Riviere di Ponente (i.e., the Western Edge), or Corniche Road, close to the rail, is up and down hill all the way, past a succession of picturesque towns, never far from the Mediterranean with its winding bays on one side, and the Maritime Alps on the other.

Villafranca (4 miles), on a bay, where Russians have an anchorage, and where the Czarewitch Nicholas died, 1865. Past a point 2,100 feet high, to Beaulieu (2 miles), and Eza (3 miles), where was a Temple of Isis.

Monaco (6 miles), a principality belonging to the Grimaldi family, near a fine bay. Here are an old castle or palace; a cathedral, where miracle plays are acted on Good Friday; and a public gaming table at the Monte Carlo casino. Population, 1890.

Monte Carlo (2 miles), and

Cabbe-Roquebrune (3 miles), or Roccebruna, so called from the bold dark rock on which it is planted.

Menton, or Mentone (4 miles), a winter place for invalids. Population, 6,000. Hotels.-De la Mediterranée; Du Pavillon. A small town in a beautiful spot, sheltered by mountains, between two bays; with two English churches, a Scotch, and French Protestant church; and English resident physicians. It contains some steep streets of tall houses, three churches, and St. Giorgio's Cathedral. The river Coreille leads up among the hills to Castiglione behind. Here Archbishop Tait wintered, 1870-1. English Church and Scotch Free Church here; with resident English Physicians.

The rail follows the road over the Italian frontier, past the old town of

Ventimiglia. See BRADSHAW's Hand-Book to

Italy.

ROUTE 26.

Grenoble to Briangon, Embrun, and Turin. Distance to Briançon, about 68 miles.

Grenoble, as in Route 25. From this by Bonaparte's noble mountain road into Italy, begun 1804, to VIZILLE (18 kil.) in the same route; then LIVET (5 leagues), on the Romanche,

BOURG D'OYSANS (2) leagues), on the same river, in a rich mountain valley (2,800 population), near Mont de Lens.

[Up the valley of Vençon, to the south-east, past St. Christophe and La Bérade, brings you to Mont Alle-Froide, or

Mont Pelvoux, the highest peak in France, 12,973 feet above the sea, and covered with glaciers.] Through the wild and deep Alpine passes of Infernet and Malval to GRAVE-EN-OYSANS (6 leagues), near several falls.

VILLARS, OF VIllard d'Arene (1 league), near another deep pass of the Romanche, and at the bottom of the

COL DE LAUTERET (1 eague), a pass which is ,850 feet above the sea, commanding fine prospects. Near the top stands the small hospice of the Madeleine, founded in the 11th century, by the Dauphin, Humbert II.

LE LAUZET (1 league).

MONESTIER (2 leagues), in the valley of the Guisanne, has some warm sulphur springs, which are used in the season. Population, 2,600.

BRIANÇON (4 leagues), a sous-préfecture in department Hautes-Alpes, and a very strong military frontier town of the first class, on the Durance, in the Dauphiné Alps; about 5,900 feet above the sea, in an amphitheatre of heights, crowned with seven forts, the highest of which is 2,300 feet above the lower ones. Separate zig-zag ways lead to them, and they communicate with each other by tunnelled galleries. A triple line of walls surround the town. Its streets are very steep and irregular; a bridge of 130 feet span crosses the deep bed of Clarée, built 1634. Population, 4,500.

It was the Roman Brigantium Vians, and forms the key of France, on this side of the Alps. The manna was considered one of the "wonders" of Dauphiné.

Hotel.-De la Paix.

From this you come to La Vachette, at the foot of Mont Genèvre (11,790 feet high), on the other side of which rises one head of the Po. Thence to

BOURG MONT-GENÈVRE (2 leagues), a small place of 400 souls, where the douane or frontier customhouse is placed. There is a pillar to Napoleon here, 65 feet high, and a hospice founded by Humbert II., and rebuilt 1804. By this route Charles VIII. entered Italy, 1494, and Belleisle and his army,

1747. The first place on the Italian side is Cesanne'; thence to Susa, and from Susa, by rail, to TURIN.

From Briançon, as above, going south, you pass LA BESSÉE (17 kil.), near the Val Louise (which leads up the lofty Mont Pelvoux, already mentioned, to the west), and near, also, to a cave called Baume des Vaudois, where 3,000 of these suffering worthies were smothered, or slain, by Charles VIII., in 1488. LA ROCHE (7 kil.), leads into Val Fressinière, where Felix Neff is buried. He lived chiefly at La Chalp, in Val d'Arvieux.

PLAN DE PHAZY (10 kil.), on the Durance, where the Guil joins it, is near Mont Dauphin, which has a strong frontier fortress, by Vauban. Up the Guil, through the valley of Queyras, you come to Guillestra, where English prisoners were confined in the war. Then to Veyer and the deep gorge of Chapelue. Further on to the village of Ville-Vieille, opposite the Fort de Queyras, which stands most picturesquely on a peak by itself, in the midst of snowy heights.

Val d'Arvieux, Val Veran, &c., which stretch around this, are consecrated by the labours which Felix Neff carried on among the Protestant Vaudois (ie., valley people), who have for ages made this desolate region their asylum. At the head of the Guil are Aiguille, Abries, Ristolas, and Mont Viso and its glaciers, 12,643 feet high, on the Italian border, round which are passes into Piedmont to La Torre, &c., the "ancient fold" of the Vaudois.

EMBRUN (13 kil.), a sous-préfecture and fortified town, among the hills, on the top of a rock, over the Durance, and called by the Romans, Ebrodunum. It was the seat of an archbishop, and has the Gothic cathedral of Nôtre Dame, which bears a good halt Romanesque spire, and had the image of our Lady of Embrun, so much reverenced by her most pious servant, Louis XI. The palace, now a barrack, is close to the old tower called Tour Brune. A house of correction supplants the seminary for the Jesuits. Trade in wine, fruit, cattle, &c. Population, 4,500. From this it is 40 kil. to Gap (see Route 25).

ROUTE 27.

Marseilles to Aix and Digne.

By rail to Aix and Meyrargues, thence by road. Distance about 154 kil., or 95 miles.

The direct distance to Aix by road is 29 kil., past Les Pin, near Viste Hill, which commands a fine distant prospect of Marseilles.

By rail the distance to

Rognac Station (Route 20) is 17 miles; thence a branch turns off to

Velaux (3 miles);

Roquefavour (3 miles), giving name to the aqueduct across the Arc, before-mentioned, and Les Milles (3 miles). Thence 4 miles to

AIX.

Christ preaching, a painting of the Virgin and child, with portraits of King René in it, sculptures by Cleastel, and two lions from René's throne-also the monuments of Archbishop Panard and Fabridi Piersac, an equestrian figure of St. Martin, and an old niched image of the Virgin, held in great veneration by her worshippers.

At St. John's Gothic church, which belonged to a priory of Malta, and was built, 1231, by Raymond Berenger IV., are the tombs of the Counts of Provence (restored 1828), some paintings, and a good

It stands near the Arc, in a fertile, sheltered valley, separated by hills, to the north and south, from the Durance and the coast; Mont Victoire lying to the east. The old square-shaped town, with its dirty streets, half-ruined walls, and six gates, lies on one side of the Cours Orbitelles, or High Street, which has David of Angers' statue of King René, three fountains (one of warm water), and statues of Portalis and Simeon, placed there 1347. Outside the town are the mineral springs, for visitors, called the Fontaine de Sextius, with a bathing-house, offering but middling accommodation. The season for using them is May to October. They are beneficial in cases of rheumatism, paralysis, skin diseases, &c.

Fountains and granite pillars ornament the principal squares; that in Place des Précheurs has an eagle on the top; that in Place de la Madeleine, an eagle and four lions, with medallions of Caius Sextus, Charles III., count of Provence, Louis XV., and Louis XVIII.; another, called Fontaine des Quatre Dauphins, in the Corso, spouts out warm water for the use of the washerwomen, who carry on their avocations here in public.

The Cathedral, dedicated to St. Sauveur, is composed of a Romanesque aisle of the 11th century, a gothic nave of the 14th century, with a front and tower of the same date (the carved cedar doors are later), another aisle of 17th century, a large and well-shaped choir, built 1285, and the ancient cloisters of 11th century. The old Baptistry annexed, with its eight large granite pillars, was, they say, part of a temple to Apollo. Notice, also, a sarcophagus (in St. Mitre's chapel), with bas-reliefs of

long, and adorned with various paintings, one being by Albert Durer.

There are five or six other churches and chapels. At the Hôtel de Ville, built 1668, are Coustou's statue of Marshal Villars, and a large and valuable library of 100,000 volumes, chiefly the gift of the Marquis de Majenes, and 1,100 MSS., with urns and busts; that of Vauvenargues is by Ramus, a native artist. Near it is a clock-tower, built 1512, with a clock and figures moved by machinery. The old priory contains a Museum of Roman and Greek antiquities, besides a gallery of pictures, among which are Gros's Night of the 20th of March at the Tuileries, Forbin's Siege of Granada, &c. Opposite the fountain of St. Louis, is the school of arts et metiers (trades). The new Palais de Justice is a large building worthy of notice, with the prisons close beside it, standing on the site of the old seat of the Counts of Provence, where the parliament of Aix used to meet. Aix has also public granaries, barracks, three hospices, a salle de spectacle, college, &c.

Among the eminent men it has produced are Adamson and Tournafort, the naturalists; Vanloo, Forbin, and Granet, the painters; Marquis d'Argens (brother of President Boyer), the friend of Frederick the Great; Entrecasteaux, the navigator; and General Miollis. It still enjoys a reputation for learning and the arts. Pope Alexander V. founded a university here, 1409. The Procession of the Fête Dieu, originally founded by le bon roi René, was revived with great splendour in 1851.

Trade in almonds, wine, eaux-de-vie, excellent olive oil, silk, coral, prints, confitures (sweetmeats). Conveyances to Marseilles (4 hours), Toulon (8 hours), Nice, Draguignan, Nismes Avignon, Lyons, &c. At about 13 hours' distance up the Arc, is the

aqueduct of Roquefavour, 1,290 feet long, and 260 high, carrying the Marseilles canal over the river. [At 18 kil. to the west, at Labarben, is the fine old château of the Forbins. The beautiful château of Roque Antheron is 21 kil. to the west, near the Durance.-Mimet, 12 kil. to the south-east, has a curious Gothic Church, 190 feet long, on the top of Puy-le-Mimet. THOLONET (4 kil.) a charming country spot in the valley of the Infernets, where signs of Roman occupation are detected.-St. Marc (5 kil.), a little higher, has an old château fort in the pass of Vauvenargues. Further up is Vauvenargues 11 kil.), at the bottom of Mont Victoire, so called from the famous victory of Marius over the Teutons, 125 B.C. It has a castle of the 14th century, with a hermitage at the top of the mountain, 3,420 feet high, where a fête is kept, 24th April.]

The stations after Aix are Puy-Ricard, &c., to Meyrargues (16 miles), on the Durance, which the rail is intended to cross in order to follow the river towards Forcalquier. Some of the stations after this are Pertuis, Mirabeau, Manosque (as below), La Brillanne, Peipin, &c., to Sisteron and Gap (Route 25). The road keeps by the east bank to PEYROLLES.

[BARJOLS (20 kil. east), in a picturesque spot, frequently visited by sketchers. It stands in an amphitheatre, among woods and waterfalls. Population, 3,300.]

ST. PAUL-LES-DURANCE (13 kil.), near Mirabeau, and Mirabeau's family château, where he lived when a boy.

[About 18 kil. to the north of it is Manosque, on the Durance, a town of 5,950 souls, who carry on a good trade in olives, oil, truffles, &c.] GREOUX, or Bains-de-Gréoux (18 kil.), has some mineral springs, frequented from May to Sept.

RIEZ (20 kil.), the Abece of the Romans, on the Ouvestre, under high hills, has some antiquities, one of which is a group of four Corinthian pillars, near another of eight columns, all of granite. Trade in wine, fruit, &c. Population, 2,900.

[About 15 kil. to the east is MOUSTIER, in the midst of a chain of rocky heights, over the torrent lying in a deep valley below. Across

the head of this gorge, behind the village, is suspended an iron chain from peak to peak, 417 feet long, with a star hanging from the middle.] ESTOUBLON (19 kil.)

DIGNE is 20 kil. further. See Route 25.

ROUTE 28.

Lyons to St. Etienne, Le Puy, Mende, Albi, and Toulouse.

Distance, 410 kil., or 244 miles, from St. Etienne. This route runs through Auvergne, and the romantic country at the head of the Loire, Lot, &c., little known to ordinary tourists.

St. Etienne station, as in Route 24.

Then to Bellevue (3 miles), and Firminy (6 miles), in a hilly country, among coal mines and silk factories. Approaching the Loire, the next stations are

Aurec (6

miles), and Point de Loignon (10 miles). Here the line runs up across the windings of the Loire, by 23 tunnels, and several viaducts, in the midst of fine mountain scenery. [The high road to Puy, on the left, passes MONISTROL (10 miles from Firminy), between two valleys, having remains of an Ursuline convent, and the country-seats of the bishop of Puy, now a ribbon factory. Population, 4,620. YSSINGEAUX (20 kil.), a sous-préfecture in department Haute-Loire, with a population of 7,600, and no remarkable building, except a modern church.]

Retournac (7 miles), the next station, is followed by

La Voute-sur-Loire (13 miles). Then comes LE PUY (7 miles),

In the volcanic country of Auvergne, 53 miles from St. Etienne.

HOTELS.-Du Palais Royal; De Milan; Des Ambassadeurs; Du Commerce. Population, 17,015.

OBJECTS OF NOTICE.-Roche de CorneilleCathedral-St. Michel's Chapel-Museum-Polignac Castle-Orgues de Espally.

Capital of department Haute-Loire (formerly of Velay in Auvergne) seat of a diocese, &c., near the Roman Reussio. It was at one time called Ville