dumb, or acquainted with the prisoner's peculiar mode of signing, is usually employed to explain to him the nature of the evidence, &c.
When a deaf and dumb prisoner cannot be made to comprehend the nature of the proceedings and the details of the evidence, the usual course is, after the jury have found him "mute by the visitation of God," to re-impannel the jury, to inquire whether he is able to plead to the indictment: and if that issue be found in the affirmative, then they are re-sworn again to inquire if the prisoner be sane or not; and if the jury find him insane, the judge will order him to be confined under the statute in that case made and provided. But, suppose the jury find that, although sane, he is, from incompetency and want of education, unable to plead, he cannot by the common law be put upon his trial; but the judge may order him to be kept in confinement, as, peradventure, he may at some future period be made to understand the nature of the charge.
Thus "there are three points to be inquired into in all such cases: first, whether the prisoner is mute of malice or not; second, whether he can plead to the indictment or not; third, whether he is of sufficient intellect to comprehend the course of proceedings at the trial so as to make a proper defence."*
A witness, though deaf and dumb, may be sworn, and give evidence upon an indictment, if intelligence can be conveyed to and received from him by means of signs and tokens.
*Alderson, B., Pritchard's case, 7 Carrington and Payne's Reports, 503. See also Dyson's case, ibid. 305.
To the instances of persons deaf, dumb, and blind, alluded to at page 476, may be added the interesting case of Margaret Sullivan, of the Rotherhithe Workhouse, related by Dr. R. Fowler, in two papers read to the British Association, and printed in the Reports of that body for the years 1841 and 1842; and also in "Some Observations on the Mental State of the Blind and Deaf and Dumb," suggested to that author by the foregoing case (Salisbury: 1843).
ABERCORMBIE, Dr., his cases and writings,
345, 427.
Abscess, chronic, of mastoid region, 175;
in external meatus, 191; in membrana
tympani, 225; of brain, said to produce
otorrhoea, 432.
Acid, nitric, poured into the ear, fatal case
of, 327.
Acids, effect of in the meatus, 182.
Acquired deaf-muteism, causes of, 485.
Adults, deaf dumb, institution for, 454.
African tribes, their mode of ornamenting
the ear, 164.
Age, deafness attendant upon, 267.
Agricola, Rodolphus, his work on muteism,
Air-globule in perforate membrana tym-
pani, 218.
Air-globules, a diagnostic in otorrhoea, 301.
Air-press, 66, 70.
Alphabet manual, 443, 457.
America, deaf-dumb in, 463.
American annals of the deaf and dumb,
456;
institutions for the deaf and dumb,
455; statistics, 463.
Amman, Dr. J. C., an instructor of the
Anatomy of the external ear, 151; mem-
brana tympani, 210; cavitas tympani,
311; Eustachian tube, 319; labyrinth,
Anecdotes of the deaf and dumb, Orpen's,
451.
Aneurism, post-aural, 176.
Animals, deaf-dumb, 492.
Annals, American, of the deaf and dumb,
443.
Anti-helix. See Auricle.
Anti-tragus. See Auricle.
Aperture, natural, in membrana tympani,
216.
Aqueduct of Fallopius, 214, 313.
Aqueduct of the cochlea, 373.
Aqueduct of the vestibule, 373.
Arnica, its value in aural diseases, 96,
255.
Arnold's plates of the ear, 16, 216; gang-
lion, 322.
Arrowsmith's work on the instruction of
the deaf and dumb, 448.
Arteries of membrana tympani, 217, 218;
of the tympanum, 323; of the laby-
rinth, 373.
Artery, anterior auricular, 152; temporal,
152; artery, posterior aural, 155.
Articulating system, 441, 446, 458.
Artificial membrana tympani, 307.
Artillery, firing of, a cause of aural hemor
rhage, 221, 222.
Atheromatous deposits in membrana tym-
pani, 285.
Auditory canal, external, mode of ex-
amining, 56; alterations in, 199.
Aural diseases, what attributed to, 140.
Aural surgeon, requisites for, 50.
Aural surgery, history of, 6; contributions
to, 51.
Auricle, diseases of, 135, 147; anatomy
of, 150, 154; double, 158; wounds and
injuries of, 160; tumours of, 163, 165;
inflammations of, 166; erysipelas of,
Auscultation, aural, 65.
Avery, his reflector (invented by M. Se-
galas), 60. See Medical Times and Ga-
zette for 25th Dec., 1852, p. 651.
Bacon, a popular remedy for ear diseases,
3, 256.
Baker, C., his writings upon the deaf and
dumb, 448, 491.
Baker, Henry, a teacher of the deaf and
dumb, 446.
Ball's dissertation on the ear, 22.
Banks, Dr., his case of fatal otorrhoea, 431.
Bathing, a cause of otorrhoea, 400.
Beck, on outward pressure of membrana
tympani, 288.
Bede, on deaf-dumbness, 439, 443.
Belfast institution for deaf, dumb, and blind,
451.
Belgium, deaf-dumbness in, 456, 459, 468.
Bell, Sir C., on loss of speech and hearing,
343; on facial paralysis, 349.
Bennett's translation of Kramer, 28, 384.
Bird, Dr. F., on ear disease among the in-
sane, 166.
Bleeding from the ear, 178.
Blind, deaf, and dumb, 476, 496.
Blood coagulated in tympanum, 293.
Blushing of the ears, 162.
Bones of the ear, 314.
Bonet, Theophilus, his observations on
aural pathology, 10.
Bonet, J. P., his work on muteism, 441.
Borg's school at Lisbon, 441.
Bougies, Eustachian, 74, 366.
Bozzini's mirror for aural inspection, 58.
Brace, Julia, mute and blind, 477.
Braidwood, Thomas, first Scotch instructor
of the deaf and dumb, 445, 450.
Brain, diseases of, a cause of deafness and
dumbness, 489.
Bree's, Mr., case of deaf-dumb cats, 492.
Brehon Laws on deaf-dumbness, 495.
Bridgman, Laura, education of, 477.
Britain, institutions for the deaf and dumb
in, 447, 449, 456.
Buchanan, Mr. T., his works upon the
ear, 25, 26; his lamp, 58; his classiti-
cation of aural diseases, 142.
Buchner's work on the deaf and dumb, 447.
Buffon's opinion of Pereira, 442.
Bulwer, Dr. J., his chirologia, &c., 443.
Burnett, Bishop, his writings on the deaf
and dumb, 444.
Butcher, Dr. his cases of perforation of
membrana tympani, 297.
Cabra school for deaf-dumb, 452.
Cadmus, 454.
Calcareous deposits in membrana tympani,
285.
Camerarius, his writings on muteism,
441.
Canals, semicircular, anatomy of, 372.
Cancer of ear, 209.
Cannon-firing, its effect on the ear, 289.
Carden, Jerome, on the instruction of the
deaf and dumb, 439.
Caries of internal ear, 376; of mastoid
process, 422.
Carion, E. de, an instructor of the deaf
and dumb, 442.
Carotid canal, 319; artery, ulceration of,
341; tied for aural hemorrhage, 341.
Cartilages of ear, anatomy of, 150-156.
Cartilaginous ring in the membrana tym-
pani, 215.
Carton, the Abbé, his writings, 440, 477.
Catholic institution for deaf-dumb in Dub-
lin, 452.
Case of malformation of meatus, 160;
fibrous tumour of auricle, 163; anoma-
lous tumour of meatus, 165; chronic
erysipelas of auricle, 167; eczema au-
rium, 169; sub-aural tumour, 174;
aneurism of post-aural artery, 176; in-
flammation of meatus, 195; closure of
meatus, 200; condyloma of meatus, 203;
tumour in meatus, 203; exostosis of
meatus, 205-209.
Cases, mode of recording, 53; registry of,
114-133; of disease of cerumenous glands,
188, 189; of malignant disease of ear, 206,
208; laceration of membrana tympani,
220, 226; facial paralysis, 222, 347;
myringitis, 238; myringitis and tym-
panitis, 244; rheumatic otitis, 247;
subacute myringitis, 256; syphilitic my-
ringitis, 262, 264; strumous myringitis,
272; ophthalmia, with otitis, 274, 275;
thickening and opacity of membrana
tympani, 284; collapsed membrana tym-
pani, 291; diseased membrana tympani,
305; artificial membrana tympani, 307,
308; chronic inflammation of tympa-
num, 334, 357; exploration of Eusta-
Ichian tubes, 357.
Cassebohm, his book on the ear, 16; his
case of double auricles, 158.
Castro, Pierre de, his work on the deaf and
dumb, 442.
Caswall, his work upon the ear, 26.
Catarrhal inflammation of meatus, 193;
otorrhoea, 409; otitis, 350; tympanitis,
350.
Catechism for the deaf and dumb, 449.
Catheter, Eustachian, and method of em-
ploying, 67-69, 72, 73.
Cats, deaf, 492.
Cavitas tympani, classification of its dis-
eases, 148; anatomy of, 311; malfor-
mations of, 323.
Celsus, his knowledge of ear diseases, 7.
Census, Irish, of deaf and dumb, 436.
Cerebral diseases causing tinnitus aurium,
378.
Cerebral diseases consequent on aural affec-
tions, 198; from extension of otitis,
333; from otorrhoea, 426.
Cerlatas, Peter de la, speculum auris, 10.
Chaissaignac and Robert on serous effusion
from the ear, 329.
Chambers's Journal on aural surgery,
Charlotte Elizabeth's "Happy Mute,” 453.
Cheselden's proposal to perforate the mem-
brana tympani, 19.
Chevallier's treatise on the ear, 48.
Chilblains of auricle, 168.
Chimney-sweeper's cancer of ear, 209.
Chirologia, Bulwer's, 443.
Chloroform in aural diseases, 170.
Chomel, M., on tubercular deposits in the
ear, 377.
Chorda tympani nerve, 318, 379.
Cicatrix in membrana tympani, 222.
Ciliæ in Eustachian membrane, 321.
Citrine ointment, 171.
Claremont Institution, 450.
Classification of aural affections, 142-149.
Cleft palate, a cause of deafness, 369.
Cleland, Archibald, his observations on the
ear, 12, 288.
Closure of external meatus, 200.
Cochlea, anatomy of, 372.
Cod-liver oil in otorrhoea, 412.
Cogswell, Dr., of Hartford, 455.
Cold, a cause of aural disease, 357; ex-
treme, a cause of muteism, 489.
Cole, William, deaf, dumb, and blind, 482.
Collapse of membrana tympani, 288.
Colles, Dr. A., his case of aneurism of
posterior auris artery, 159; on hemor-
rhage and fluid evacuations from the
ear, 328.
Colles, Mr. W., his case of aneurism of
posterior auris artery, 176.
Concha. See Auricle.
Condyloma of external meatus, 203.
Congenital malformations of auricle and
meatus, 157; membrana tympani, 219;
cavitas tympani and Eustachian tube,
323; labyrinth, authorities upon, 375.
Congenital deafness, 464.
Congestion, a cause of deafness, 386.
Consanguinity, effects of, 470.
Consumption in deaf-dumb, 493.
Contrast, the, by Dr. Orpen, 450.
Convention of teachers, 454, 456.
Convexity of membrana tympani, 212.
Cooper, Sir A., on perforation of the mem-
brana tympani, 19, 20, 220, 294.
Cooper's Surgical Dictionary, article Ear,
Copenhagen, Institution for the Deaf and
Dumb at, 443.
Corrigan, Dr., his case of fatal otorrhoea,
432.
Cotunno, liquor of, 8, 373.
Counter-irritation in aural diseases, 88.
Craig's school at Kilrea, 451.
Crampton, Sir P., his case of caries of in-
ternal ear, 376.
Crescentic opacity of membrana tympani,
283.
Cronke, Dickory, a deaf mute, history of,
445, 492.
Crucible for melting nitrate of silver, 304.
Cures of deaf-muteism, 490.
Curette for removing foreign bodies, 180.
Curtis, J. H., his works on the ear, 22,
Curvatures of membrana tympani, 213.
Cusack, Mr., his cases of ear disease, 208,
251, 422.
Cutaneous diseases of ear, 198.
Cuthbert, Dr., his case of otorrhoea, 433.
Cyclopædiæ, articles on deaf-dumbness in,
448.
Dalgarno, G., his writings on the deaf and
dumb, 444.
Dalyell's Superstitions, 492.
Deaf and dumb, their condition in early
times, 9; in Ireland, statistics of, 51,
458; claims of, 437; history of their
education, 439; marriage of, 472; sexes
of, 468; consanguinity of parents of,
470; legal state of, 494.
Deaf, dumb, and blind, 476; idiotic, 465,
474; lunatic, 475.
Deaf-dumbness, classification of, 149; from
exanthema, 339; acquired, causes of,
340, 485; appendix on, 436; literature
relating to, 439; statistics of, 458; con-
genital, 464; complications of, 467;
divisions of, 465; hereditary nature of,
Deaf Playmate's Story, 351.
Deafness attributed to mercury, 96; at-
tending typhus fever, 277; nervous, 380.
Dease's work on injuries of the head, 328.
De l'Epée's labours and works, 443, 448.
De Foe's Dumb Philosopher, 345; History
of Duncan Campbell, 445.
Deformities among deaf dumb, 475.
Degerando's works on the deaf and dumb,
442.
Degravers, Peter, his work on the ear, 15;
perforation of membrana tympani by,
15, 294.
Deleau, his writings upon the ear, 27;
his aural inspector, 58; on artificial
membrana tympani, 308; his classifica-
tion of aural diseases, 143.
De Lys' Lectures, 449.
Dentition, its effect on hearing, 322.
Desmortier's cure of dumbness, 492.
Diagnosis of ear diseases, 51.
Dibdin's account of W. Geikie, 453.
Dictionary of Practical Medicine, article
Ear, 48; of Universal Signs for the Deaf
and Dumb, 447.
Diffused inflammation of meatus, 192.
Digby, Sir K., his writings on the deaf and
dumb, 444.
Dionysius, form of his prison, 154.
Dislocation of auricle, 209.
Diving, a cause of aural hemorrhage, 221.
Dogs, diseases of ear in, 166, 492.
Doherty, Dr., his case of congenital dumb-
ness, 466.
Donaldson's hospital, 449.
Douglas, John, his demonstration of Eusta-
chian catheterism, 13.
Drama of l'Abbe de l'Epée, 447.
Drowning, partial, a cause of muteism, 489.
Druitt, Mr., his Vade Mecum, 6.
Dryness of membrana tympani, 219.
Dufton, Mr. W., his work on the ear, 35.
Dumbness after fever, 342; from otitis,
344; congenital, 345, 465.
Dumb Philosopher, De Foe's, 345.
Duration of aural diseases, 135.
Dutch writers on deaf-dumbness, 442.
Dutens, Rev. W., his article on the deaf
and dumb, 447.
Du Verney, his works upon the ear, 10,
15, 21; his classification of aural dis-
eases, 143; on otorrhoea, 405.
Ear and eye, analogy in diseases of, 100.
Ear diseases, statistics of, 97, 113, 134, 458.
Ear drops, 89, 90.
Ear, external, mode of examining, 55;
malformations of, 157, 160.
Ear, internal, diseases of, 371.
Ear, middle, diseases of, 323.
Ear-rings, piercing lobe for, 161.
Earwigs, 178.
Earle's, Mr. H., essay on the ear, 26, 413.
East wind, its effect on the ear, 195.
Eczema aurium, 98, 169.
Edgbaston institution, 449.
Edinburgh, state of aural surgery in, 49;
first school for the deaf and dumb in,
445.
Egyptians, form of auricle in, 154.
Electricity and galvanism, their value, 90.
Elliot, J., his observations on hearing, 17.
England, instruction of deaf-dumb in, 443,
449, 462.
Epilepsy, from foreign body in the ear, 326.
Epithelial bodies in meatus, 209.
Eruptive diseases of meatus, 198.
Erysipelas of the auricle, 167.
Ether, nitrous, its effect upon the mem-
brana tympani, 290; mode of injecting
into tympanum, 388.
Evans, Mr. J., his case of syphilitic myrin-
gitis, 263.
Europe, number of deaf-dumb in, 458.
Eustachian catheterism, discovery of by
Guyot, 11; by Cleland, 12.
Eustachian tube, method of examining, 65–
67; statistics of its diseases, 139; clas-
sitication of ditto, 149; openings of,
214; enclosure of, 290, 311, 365; ana-
tomy of, 313; malformations of, 323;
chronic inflammation of, 353; explora-
tion of, 357; inflammation of, 365;
strictures of, 366: foreign bodies in, 369.
Eustachius, 8.
Examination of the ear described, 55.
Exanthematous otitis, 277, 339.
Exhaustion of air in meatus, 290.
Exodus, first notice of muteism in, 437.
Exostosis in auditory canal, 204; in tym-
panum, 206, 364.
External auditory tube, inflammations of,
190; statistics of its diseases, 135.
Eyes, diseases of, in connexion with anral
affections, 273.
Fabricius, his writings and opinions, 441.
Fabrizzi's perforator, 294.
Facial paralysis, 331, 346; from lesion
of nerve, 425; double, 426.
Feigned muteism,
Fenestra ovalis, 812.
Fenestra rotunda, 312.
Fenton's work on deaf-dumb institutions,
453.
Fever, deafness attending, 277, 341;
dumbness after, 342.
Fibrous laminæ of membrana tympani,
215.
Fistulous openings from meatus, 206.
Fletcher, his work on the ear, 24.
Foley, Dr., his cases of dumbness after
fever, 342.
Foot, translator of Amman's dissertation on
speech, 442.
Forceps, aural, 57, 182.
Foreign bodies in the ear, 178; in Eusta-
chian tubes, 369.
Forficula auricularis, 179.
Fossa, navicular. See Auricle.
Fowler, Dr. R., case of Margaret Sullivan,
deaf, dumb, and blind, 496.
Fracture of auricular cartilage, 161.
France, instruction of the deaf and dumb
in, 442, 456.
Frank, Martell, his writings upon the ear,
30, 224, 476.
Frank, Jos., on relaxation of membrana
tympani, 288.
Frazer's, Dr., case of double facial para-
lysis, 426.
French school of aural surgery, 15.
Fright, a cause of deaf-dumbness, 469.
Frontlet for Eustachian catheter, 68.
Frostbites of external ear, 168.
Fungus, malignant, of ear, 207, 364, 377.
Galen's knowledge of ear diseases, 7, 142.
Gallaudet, first American teacher of the
deaf and dumb, 455.
Galvanism and electricity, their value, 90.
Gardner's treatise on deafness, 25.
Gargles, use of, in otitis, 361.
|