NOTE.-If meets is used, 'unless he meets,' means 'unless he is now meeting,' and the tense is present. If meet is used, the meaning will be, 'unless he shall or may hereafter meet,' and then the tense is future.

2. He could easily have escaped, if he had known his danger. 3. Except ye repent, ye shall all likewise perish.

4. Had he known his true interest, he would have remained.

5. Beware, lest ye fall into temptation: watch, lest evil come

upon you.

Beware. ... is a verb, &c.; imp. mode, because it is used for exhortation; 2d per. sing. or plur., because its nom. (you, understood,) is. is parsed in the same way.

Watch.

....

6. O fear not thou to die, but rather fear to live.

To die..... is a verb, &c.; inf. mode, because not limited by number or

person.

7. If we obey our feelings, we shall often do wrong.

In Ex. 4, 'had he known,' is put for if he had known.'

EXERCISE 75.

Fill the blanks with verbs in the imperative, and parse each word.

) unto me all ye that labor and are heavy laden.

) not the ignorant into danger.

) not the friendless and the stranger.

) not evil for good.

) the subject carefully, and you will find your mistake. ) not to entertain strangers.

no sleep to the eyes nor slumber to the eyelids till safety is insured.

7. (

8. (

) early (

) late (

) industriously, and

A verb in the imperative has, for its nominative, you, ye, or thou. In the 1st example, ye is the nom. To entertain, in the 6th example, is in the infinitive mode.

To do

EXERCISE 76.

Fill the blanks with the infinitive, and parse all the words.

.....

1. Cease (to do) evil.

is a verb, &c.; trans., &c.; infinitive mode, because used in a general way, without number or person; and in the present tense.

Fill the blanks with participles, and parse all the words.

1. (Entering) the room, he found his friends awaiting him.

Entering . . . is a verb, &c.; trans., &c.; participial mode, it partakes of the nature of an adjective; pres. tense; qualifies he, and has room after it in the objective. (Parse the rest as usual.) Awaiting. is a verb, &c., &c.; participial mode, qualifies friends, and has him after it in the objective.

2. (

3. (

4. (

5. (

) the cold regions of the north, he turned his steps to the sunny south.

) warmly his obligations, he declined the proffered
courtesy.

) gratefully to all, he departed without an enemy.
) cities, towns, and villages in its course, the army
retired to winter quarters.

EXERCISE 78.

Form sentences, and parse each word.

Leave, imp. (Leave the miser to his gold.)

Conjugation of Verbs.

ART. 188. The conjugation of a verb is uniting in a connected view its various parts; as, its modes, tenses, persons, and numbers.

ART. 189. This union of the parts is so called, because the word conjugate means to unite.

ART. 190. There is also a short method of conjugating a verb, which consists in giving its principal parts, viz., the present and 1st past indicative and the 1st past participle; as,

ART. 191. Auxiliary Verbs are those by the help of which the different tenses, persons, and numbers are formed.

ART. 192. They are so called, because the word auxiliary means helping.

ART. 193. They are, shall, will, may, can, must, do, be,

Must has but one tense, and do, be, and have, are used in all the modes and tenses.

For further remarks upon the auxiliaries; see tenses, pages 82, 86.

QUESTIONS.-What is the conjugation of a verb? Why so called? What short method is there of conjugating verbs? Conjugate Love in this way. Walk. Go. Learn. Save. Dream. Turn. Depart. What are auxiliary verbs? Why so called? Which are they? Which have two tenses?

the present and past tense of each.

Which has but one tense?

Give

Regular and Irregular Verbs.

ART. 194. A regular verb is one which forms its 1st past indicative and its 1st past participle by adding d or ed to the present; as,

ART. 195. An irregular verb is one which does not

form its 1st past indicative and its adding d or ed to the present; as,

1st Past Ind.

1st past participle by

1st Past Part.

ART. 196. VOICE, as used in grammar, is that property of a transitive verb which denotes whether the action is exerted or received by the subject; as,

John struck, or, John was struck.

ART. 197. The word voice sometimes denotes a mode of expression; as,

'I desire to be with you, and to change my voice.'-Gal. iv.

It has a meaning somewhat like this, when used in grammar.

ART. 198. Transitive verbs have two voices: the active voice and the passive voice.

QUESTIONS.-What is a regular verb? Give the examples. What is an irregular verb? Give the examples. What is voice? Why so called? What voices do transitive verbs havo?

ART. 199. The active voice is that form of a verb in which the subject denotes the actor; as,

Here, struck and made are in the active voice, because the subjects, John and George, are the actors.

ART. 200. The passive voice is that form of the verb in which the subject denotes the receiver of the action; as, The pen was made by George.'

'James was struck by John.'

Here, was struck and was made are in the passive voice, because the subjects, James and pen, are the receivers of the action.

ART. 201. This is so called, because passive means suffering, or receiving.

ART. 202. EXAMPLES OF THE ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICES.

REM. 1.-In changing the active into the passive voice, the object becomes the subject, or nominative, and the subject becomes the object of a preposition; as,

QUESTIONS.-What is the active voice? The passive voice? Why so called? What is the passive voice of He loves? He turns? He calls? He kills? He strikes? He spurns? In the passive, what does the subject become? The object? Give the passive form of each sentence in Art. 202,

Rom. 1.