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The condition of Coal Miners before the beginning of the present
8
121
16
19
24
The Great Strike of 1831. Misconduct of the Men. The Military
called out
CHAPTER VI.
The First Political Demonstration. The Waldridge Colliery Out-
rage. The Long Strike of 1832. Ejectments at Hetton and
Friar's Goose. Murder of Mr. Fairless
CHAPTER VII.
The Continuation of the Strike. Murder of Cuthbert Skipsey by
a Policeman. The Trial and Execution of Jobling. The End
of the Strike, and Dissolution of Hepburn's Union
CHAPTER VIII.
-
The Conduct of the Men after the Dissolution of the Union. For-
mation of a National Union. The Strike at Wingates and
Thornley. Details of the Prosecution of the Men
CHAPTER IX.
The Preliminaries of the Great Strike of 1844. The Circular of the
Union to the Coal Trade. Large Meeting at Shadon's Hill
CHAPTER X.
The National Conference at Glasgow. The Nature of the Men's
Grievances. A Second Circular from the Union to the Coal
Trade
32
37
49
53
Commencement of the Great Strike of 1844. Great Meeting on
Shadon's Hill
CHAPTER XII.
Continuance of the Strike. The action of the Masters and Men.
Great Meeting on behalf of the Men in Newcastle
CHAPTER XIII.
Attempt on the part of the Owners to Start the Pits. The Eviction
of Colliers. Attempt to stop the Meetings of the Men. The
Introduction of Strangers, and Continued Evictions
CHAPTER XIV.
Further Meetings of the Men. Public Sympathy with the Men.
Evictions at Derwent Iron Works Colliery. Public Dinner to
the Men at Blackhill. More Meetings of the Men
CHAPTER XV.
The Inhumanity of the Ejections. Attempt by the Men to settle
the Dispute. Conduct of the Coal Owners generally, 'and of the
Marquis of Londonderry in particular. The Workhouse
Closed against the Men
CHAPTER XVI.
The Opinion of the Irish and English Press on the Conduct of the
Marquis of Londonderry
CHAPTER XVII.
Tactics of the Coal Owners to get fresh Men. Importation of
Strangers. Return of Men to Staffordshire. Strike amongst
the Cornish Miners at Radcliffe. The Reduced State of the
Men and their Families
CHAPTER XVIII.
Another Large Meeting on Newcastle Town Moor. Great Pro-
cession and Demonstration. Attempt to stop the Publication
of the "Miners' Advocate." Large Meeting at Bishop Auck-
land
CHAPTER XIX.
The Condition of the Men on Strike. Efforts made to raise Funds.
Secession from the Ranks of the Union and Return of the Men
to Work. Yielding of the Durham Men. Meetings on the
Town Moor, at Durham, and at Scaffold Hill
CHAPTER XX.
Resolution of the Men to Yield. Return of the Men to Work.
End of the Strike
56
62
71
75
80
86.
90
94
101
Reprisals of the Men on the Strangers. Riots at Seaton Delaval
and Holywell. Treatment of the Welshmen by the Northum-
berland and Durham Pitmen
CHAPTER XXII.
Treatment of the Leaders of the Late Strike. Recommencement
of the Union Agitation. Fresh Meetings held all over the Two
Counties. The Meeting at Wreckington. Men discharged for
Attending the Meetings. Dispute amongst the Masters
CHAPTER XXIII.
The Employers again United. Awakening of Public Sympathy
with the Men. Action taken for Parliamentary Redress of
Grievances
106
11
117
CHAPTER XXIV.
The Introduction of the Mines and Collieries' Bill. The Discussion
in Parliament on the Bill. Its Withdrawal
CHAPTER XXV.
Introduction of another Bill to prevent the use of Gunpowder and
Candles in Mines. Formation of a Fresh Union. Strike in
Northumberland and Durham. Murder of George Hunter at
Cowpen. Outbreak of the Cholera
CHAPTER XXVI.
Fresh Strikes in both Counties. The Adhesion of the Barrington
Men to the Union. Strike at Barrington and Disorder
amongst the Men. Final Collapse of the Union
CHAPTER XXVII.
Passing of the Mines Regulation Bill. Misrepresentation of the
First Inspector under the Act
CHAPTER XXVIII.
The History of the Scotch Miners. Their Serfdom. The Eman-
cipating Acts
CHAPTER XXIX.
Accidents in Mines. The Introduction of the Davy Lamp. A
List of Accidents. An Inquiry into the Cause of Explosions in
Mines -
CHAPTER XXX.
124
132
135
140
142
The Wallsend Explosion. Coroners' Inquests. The Inaccuracy of
Returns of Casualties in Mines
154
The South Shields Explosion. The Committee of Inquiry into the
Cause of Explosions. The Haswell Explosion
CHAPTER XXXII.
The Jarrow Explosion. The Results of Mr. Mather's action. The
Explosions between 1849 and 1860
CHAPTER XXXIII.
The Burradon Explosion. The Hetton Explosion. The Hartley
Accident
CHAPTER XXXIV.
161
167
170
Large
179
The Separation Grievance. Strike at Seaton Delaval.
Meeting on the Town Moor. Passing of the Mines Inspection
Bill
CHAPTER XXXV.
The Co-operative Movement. The Strike at West Cramlington
CHAPTER XXXVI.
Meetings concerning the Hartley Accident. Meeting to establish a
Permanent Relief Fund. The Relief Fund established.
CHAPTER XXXVII.
Agitation for an Improved Method of Working Mines. The
Condition of the Collieries with regard to the Number of
Shafts
187
195
201
CHAPTER XXXVIII.
Threatened Re-introduction of the Yearly Bond. Great Meeting
at Horton. Commencement of the present Union of the
Northumberland Miners. The Miners' Permanent Relief
Out-
Formation of another General Union of the two Counties.
break of the Strike Fever in Durham. Progress of the Union. 219
CHAPTER XL.
The Strike at Willington. Conduct of Messrs. Straker and Love.
Other Strikes. First Conference of
Eviction of the Men.
the National Association.
226