Constantine by Clement XII., and the wall built by Pius VII. to support the Colosseum. In 1750, Benedict XIV. had consecrated that structure to the Christians, who had suffered martyrdom in it. It may be doubtful whether the re-erection of an obelisk on a place where it had not originally stood may be appropriately termed a restoration, but it may, at all events, be deemed an improvement. Sixtus V. re-erected no fewer than four obelisks. Innocent X., Alexander VII., Clement XI., and Pius VI. also distinguished themselves in this way. Pius re-erected three obelisks.
A vast deal remains to be done at Rome in the way of discovery and restoration, and many inestimable treasures of art, as well as important fragments and inscriptions, might doubtless be disinterred from the huge mass of soil and rubbish under which the ancient city is buried, if any adequate funds could be provided for such a purpose. The Emperor Napoleon III. has set a noble example in this direction by his operations on the Palatine, which entitle him to the gratitude of all the lovers of antiquity.
Centum Gradus, 236
Cermalus (see Germalus)
Chalcidicum, 181, 198
Churches, seven primeval, 290; Sta.
Agnese, 293; Sta. Croce in Gerusa-
lemme, 293; Lateran, 290; S. Lo-
renzo, 293; Sta. Maria Maggiore,
294; S. Paolo, 293; S. Pietro, 291;
in Vincoli, 322; e Marcellino, 294;
Sta. Prassede, 287; Sta. Puden-
tiana, 287; S. Sebastiano, 294
Cicero's Villas, 148
Circus Agonalis (see Stadium);
Elagabali, 267; Flaminius, 98;
Maxentii, 281; Maximus, 46;
Neronis, 224; Sallustii, 141
Cispius, 20
Civitas Leonina, 371
Clivus Argentarius, 393; Asyli, 265;
Capitolinus, 180; Publicius, 71;
Sacer, 35, 175; Urbius, 54; Vic-
toriæ,
21
Cloaca Maxima, 45
Cohortes Vigilum, 192
Colles and Montes distinguished, 40
Collis Agonus or Quirinalis, 29;
Pincianus or Hortorum, 139
Colosseum or Colysæus, 357
Colossus of Nero, 230, 246
Columna M. Aurelii, 262; Bellica,
94; Mania, 88; Phocæ, 353;
Rostrata, 97; Trajani, 254
Comitium, 39, 179
Compita Larum, 190
Curia Cornelia, 155; Hostilia, 38;
Julia, 162, 181, 198; Pompeii, 159,
166; Saliorum, 35, 39
Curia Veteres, 17
Diæta ad Mammam, 268
Diribitorium, 209
Doliola, 73
Domus (see House)
Egeria, grove of, 37
Emporium, 111
Ficus Ruminalis, 22, 179
Fornix or Arcus Triumphalis: Ar-
gentarius, 265; Augusti, 207;
Aurelii, 262; Constantini, 281;
Dolabellæ, 231; Drusi, 384; Fa-
bianus, 118, 177; Gallieni, 269;
Manus Carneæ, 392; Septem Lu-
cernarum, 250; Severi, 264; Theo-
dosii, 394; Tiberii, 222; Titi,
250; Trajani, 256
Forum Augusti, 203; Boarium, 14;
Esquilinum, 127; Julii, 183, 197;
Nervæ (also Palladium and Tran-
sitorium), 248; Pacis, 240; Pis-
catorium, 109, 183; Romanum, 45,
182; Trajani, 254, 256
Fossa Quiritium, 42
Gardens (see Horti)
Gates (see Porta)
Germalus, 19
Gladiatorial schools, 246
Græcostasis, 105
Horti Adonidis, 251; Agrippinæ,
224; Lamiani, 224; Luculli, 139;
Mæcenatis, 216; Sallustiani, 140;
Servilii, 140; Tigellini, 227
House of Atticus, 150; Catiline,
144; Catulus, 138; Cicero, 147,
152; Cilo, 266; Clodius, 147;
Crassipes, 149; Crassus, 138;
Drusus, 124; Fulvius Flaccus, 124;
Galen, 263; C. Gracchus, 124;
Hadrian, 258; Horace, 217; Hor-
tensius, 143; Lateranorum, 265 ;
Lepidus, 138; Lucullus, 138;
Mæcenas, 206; Martial, 257;
Milo, 154; Octavius, Cn., 113;
Ovid, 218; St. Paul, 288; Pedo
Albinovanus, 218; Pliny, junr.,
218; Pompey, 159; Propertius, 217;
Publicola, 58; Pudens and Pris-
cilla, 287; Scaurus, 147; Septem
Transitoria and Aurea), 226, 230;
Tiberius, 222; Pincian, 334
Palatine Hill, name, 1; excavations,
Palatium, 19, 199 (see Palatine)
Palus Capreæ, 33
Piscina Publica, 209
Plateæ, 170
Pomorium Romuli, 14 sq.
Pons lius, 260; Emilius, 111;
Sublicius, 41
Population of Rome, 193
Porta Appia, 272; Asinaria, 272;
Aurelia, 273; Belisaria, 270; Cæ-
limontana, 49; Capena, 49; Car-
mentalis, 50; Clausa, 271; Collina,
48; Esquilina, 48; Flaminia, 270;
Flumentalis, 50; Fontinalis, 48;
Latina, 272; Lavernalis, 49; Me-
tronis, 272; Minucia, 50; Mu-
gionis, 20; Nævia, 50; Nomentana,
271; Ostiensis, 272; Pandana, 5;
Pinciana, 270; Portuensis, 273;
Prænestina, 271; Querquetulana,
49; Raudusculana, 49; Ratumena,
48; Romanula, 21; Salaria, 270;
Salutaris, 48; Sanqualis, 48; Sce-
lerata, 69; Stercoraria, 4; Tibur-
tina, 271; Trigemina, 50; Trium-
phalis, 50; Viminalis, 48
Porticus Æmilia, 111; Argonauta-
rum, 209; Catuli, 126; Europæ,
209; Hecatostylon, 159; Liviæ,
206; Metelli, 115; Minuciæ (Ve-
tus and Frumentaria), 126; Na-
tionum, 159; Octavia or Corinthia,
113; Octaviæ, 205 sq.; Philippi,
211; Pola, 210; Pompeii, 159;
Vipsania, 210
Prata Flaminia, 68, 98; Mucia, 61;
Quinetia, 66
Puteal Libonis or Scribonianum, 142
Regions of Servius Tullius, 51; of
Roma Quadrata, 14 sq.; Sig. Rosa's
theory of, 16 sq.
Rome, foundation legends, 12 sq.;
secret name, 22; becomes a Re-
public, 57; taken by the Gauls,
74; rebuilding of, 85; general
aspect, 169; population, 193; Ne-
ro's fire, 226; rebuilt, 228; fire
under Titus, 247; under Commo-
dus, 263; transfer of the capital
to Byzantium, 283; taken by
Alaric, 315; second and third
capture, 316; taken by Genseric,
321; by Ricimer, 324; entered by
Belisarius, 333; besieged by Viti-
ges, 335 sq.; captured by Totila,
337 sq.; by Narses, 341; besieged
by the Lombards, 363; threatened
by the Saracens, 369-372; at re-
turn of the Popes, 307; entry of
Charles V., 409
Rostra, 88; Cæsar's, 162; Julia,
203
Rupes Tarpeia, 26
Sacellum Ditis, 4; Statæ Matris, 191;
Streniæ, 175; Volupiæ, 22; Vul-
cani Quieti, 191
Sallustricum, 141
Scala Annulariæ, 199; Cacî, 7, 21
sq.; Gemoniæ, 52
Schola Anglorum, Francorum, Græ-
corum, &c., 358; Xantha, 178
Senaculum, 39
Septa Julia, 162, 184
Septimontium, 51
Septizonium, 264
Sepulcrum Romuli, 251
Solarium Augusti, 219
Stadium Domitiani, 250
Statues, Hercules Victor, or Sulla-
nus, 136; Sulla, 185; Vertumnus,
191; Domitian, 252; Greek, at
Rome, 288; number of, 299, 313,
328, 343, 378; of Victory, 309;
of Stilicho, 313; of the Dioscuri,
379
Sub Velia, 58
Subura, 218
Taberna Veteres, 45; Novæ, 67
Tabularium, 160
Tarentum, 99
Tarpeian rock, 178
Temple of Esculapius, 96; Antoni-
nus, 262; Apollo, 68, 201; Au-
gustus, 221; Bellona, 93; Bona
Dea Subsaxoneæ, 258; the Ca-
menæ, 147; Castor and Pollux,
62, 116, 180; Ceres, Liber and
Libera, 63; Claudius, 240; Con-
cord, 120, 206; Cybele, 104, 197;
Diana, 51, 115; Divus Julius, 202;
Fatale, 393; Faustina, 261; Fides
Publica, 37; Flora, 71; Fortuna,
126; Equestris, 115; Fortis, 52,
222; Muliebris, 63; Gentis Fla-
viæ, 248; Hadrian, 261; Hercules
Custos, 136; Hercules Musarum,
136; Victor, 136 ; Honos et Virtus,
103; Isis and Serapis, 238; Janus,
31; Juno Moneta, 87; Juno Re-
gina, 71, 115; Jupiter Capitolinus
(Vetus), 36, 54 (cf. 57, 131, 160);
Jupiter Custos, 236, 248; Jupiter
Feretrius, 25; Jupiter Latialis, 56;
Jupiter and Libertas, 195; Jupiter
Stator, 26, 115; Jupiter Tonans,
203; Juventus, 203; Larium, 42,
197; Libertas, 118; Luna, 52;
Mars, 53, 85, 116; Mars Ultor,
203; Mater Matuta, 52, 71; Mens,
99; Minerva, 103, 157; Neptunus,
210; Pantheon, 207, 354; Peace,
240; Penatium, 197; Pudicitia
Patricia, 94; Pudicitia Plebeia,
91; Quirinus, 35; Saturnus, 46,
57; Semo Sancus, 31; Sol, 277;
Tellus, 64; Tempestas, 97; Tra-
jan, 254; Venus Erycina, 99; Ve-
nus Genitrix, 161; Venus Victrix,
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