ARRIVAL AT GUMUSHKHANE.

May 27.-After twelve hours ride, I arrived at Gumushkane, called in Greek Kanion, or Khaldeas. Krekor, the Armenian Bishop, received me very hospitably. He knew the amiable and zealous Rev. Mr. Leeves by reputation. Bishop Krekor is a learned man, but his unmarried state makes him hypochondriacal; he would willingly follow the example of his colleagues Dionysius and Jacob who are married. He approved of the text in Timothy, “A Bishop then must be blameless, the husband of one wife, &c.” He wished to travel with me, but I could give him no encouragement. He gave me the names of the following Armenian Archbishops and Bishops.

The diocess of the Armenian Bishop of Gumushkhane contains 1620 Armenians, one monastery, a church, and 5 Priests. Trebison, which is also under his jurisdiction, contains 1900 Armenians, and thirty-five villages with 2500 Armenians.

CATHOKHIKOS OR GENERAL PATRIARCH OF AHTAMAR.

At Ahtamar is another Bishop, assuming the title of Cathokhikos

* Now residing at Akhalzikh.

+ Formerly Patriarch of Jerusalem.

or Universal Patriarch, whose diocess is very small, while the Patriarch of Sis has the following important places within his

diocess.

A missionary going to these places will do well to take an introductory letter from the Cathokhikos of Sis.

The Armenian Bishop has erected two schools: one at Gumushkhane, containing 60 children; the other at Trebison, containing 120 children. He desired me to recommend him to the British and Foreign Bible Society, that he might procure 100 Armenian Bibles, gratis. He tells me, that the strictness of their fast days induces many to turn Catholics; the same reason was assigned by the Syrians, Chaldeans, and Greeks for many persons of their communities embracing the Roman Catholic creed.

CONVENTS OF THE ARMENIANS.

The British and Foreign Bible Society would do well to furnish the following convents of the Armenians with Bibles. Ech Miazin, near Erivan. Surp* Hakobus, at Jerusalem. Surp Karapet, at Moosh. Astwazazin, at Angora. Surp Khatsh, at Sawas. Armash Astwazazin, at Ismit. Surp Karapet, at Cesarea. Surp Hoannes, at Armatol. Surp Khatsh, at Parakhoo. Surp Khatsh, at Akhpat.

Missionaries labouring among the Armenians ought to know the learned and distinguished men, now existing among them. The following are some of their names.

Tirazo Takwor

Peshtemalse Oglu

Hodawerde

Tirazu Hakob Mariebyan

Andreas Wardapet

Petros Wardapet
Bartholomeos Wardapet
Bogos (Paul)

All these except the last mentioned, are at Constantinople. Bogos, formerly Patriarch of Constantinople, is a very clever, prudent and sagacious man. There are also, Keork, Episcopos at Tokat. Hakob, Bishop at Marsuwan. Hoannes, Bishop at Egin. Kirkor Wardapet at Trebison. Michael Wardapet at Moscow. Nerses, formerly Archbishop of Tiflis, now exiled to Bessarabia. Tirazu Serope at Nakhtshawan. Serope, Archbishop at Astrachan.

GREEKS AT GUMUSHKHANE.

There are at Gumushkhane ten Greek Priests and an Archbishop, * Surp signifies Holy.

+ Surp Khatsh, Holy Cross.

who is now at Capan Madan, where he has 5000 Greeks to superintend; his name is Theophilos.

Gregorios Demetrios Santoropolis, a Greek Priest, called on me, and requested to have some Greek Testaments and tracts.

Poskowiz Canaris, an emissary of the Greek Secret Society for effecting the revolution, came to Gumushkhane, five years ago, for the purpose of effecting a revolution among the Greeks, in the villages round Gumushkhane and Trebison.

May 29.-I conversed with the Armenian Bishop, and Greek Priest Santoropolis, about the conversion of the Jews; for I think it is very necessary to make these people acquainted with the exertions that real Christians are making for the general promulgation of the Gospel. Santoropolis asserted, that all the Children of Israel will be converted, with the exception of some tribes; this he endeavoured to prove in a curious manner by Ezekiel xxi. 12, 13. Jeremiah ii. 9. Apoc. ii. 9. Genesis xxxv. 23. Iexamined the Armenian Bible, and found that in Daniel viii. 14, there is the number 2068, whereas in our version it is 2300.

DEPARTURE FROM GUMUSHKHANE.

May 30.-I left Gumushkhane for Trebison. On the road I met with a very singular sort of man: he was dressed like a European, and was stretched out in the fields, near a fire, with a caravan of Turks, coming from Trebison, and going to Erzeroom; he spoke French and Persian. I asked him who he was, whence he came, and where he intended to go. He is the Gil Blas of the Armenians, Artemis by name, from Ech Miazin, coming from Russia, and going to India; he has written an account of his life and travels, in which he gives a very interesting account of the manners and customs of his nation.

May 31.-I arrived at Trebison, and took up my abode at the house of Mr. Brant, the British Vice Consul, who received me with the greatest kindness. The day following I preached in the Consulate, and conversed with Mr. Brant about the Millennium.

June 2.—I called on the Greek Archbishop Constantios, he informed me, that there are at Trebison 2000 Greeks, ten churches and thirteen Priests. There are twenty villages belonging to it, in which are 3000 Greeks, and four monasteries. They are greatly oppressed by Omar Aga and Osman Aga Hypoglu.

June 3.-I called on His Excellency Osman Pasha, of Trebison; accompanied by Serpos, the Dragoman of Mr. Brant. The Sultan styles this Pasha his Dervish. He sent for two Dervishes, with whom I spoke in Persian and Arabic. His Excellency gave me letters of introduction to the Pasha of Erzeroom. Osman Pasha

is devoted to the Sultan, and is a man of devout principles according to his Sect; and, as I am informed, a good General. Mr. Brant is a kind hearted, open, intelligent gentleman; he pressed me to stay with him until my health was restored.

I met again with the Dervish Youssuf. No razor has passed over his head. The ancient forms and usages of the holy men of the East have remained, but their spirit has departed.

Signor Ghersi, the Sardinian Consul, advised me to go to Makariev, under the government of Nichney Novgorod, and from thence to Bokhara; for there is a great fair held every year at Makariev, at which are many persons from Bokhara.

HAMSHOON

Is a village, a few hours from Trebison, where the inhabitants were Armenians, but have turned Mohammedans.

Kroom, where Greeks have also turned Mohammedans. There are besides these, Greeks at Trebison, who outwardly profess the Mohammedan religion, but are Christians in secret.

June 8.-I left Trebison with a Tatar, a good for nothing fellow. Arrived in the evening at Turakapan, 27 miles from Trebison.

June 9.-Returned to Gumushkhane. Youssuf Pasha, a Pasha with two Tails, sent for me, to converse with him. I spoke to him about Christ. In the evening I arrived at Tekka, 39 miles from Turakapan.

June 10.-Arrived at Baiboot, 42 miles from Gumushkhane, inhabited by 5000 Turks and 300 Armenians. Previous to the war with Russia, the Armenians amounted to 4000; but afterwards they emigrated with 'General Paskewitsh to Akhalzikh. The inhabitants of Baiboot fought most desperately against the Russians in the late war.

June 11.—Arrived at Ashgala, formerly inhabited by 300 Armenians, who emigrated with Paskewitsh to Akhalzikh. I found only one family here. From this place I arrived the same day at Klise, a place with a hot spring, inhabited before the war with Russia, by 300 Armenian families; there are now only ten, the rest followed the common example of their countrymen.

ARRIVAL AT ERZEROOM.

June 12.-I arrived at Erzeroom, and was kindly received by Mr. Zohrab; soon after, Sir Henry Willock and Major Willock called on me, and gave me some medicine; for I was very unwell; they had just arrived from India. I was informed by Mr. Zohrab, that 97000 Armenians had emigrated with General Paskewitsh, from Erzeroom and the neighbouring countries; first to Lori, then to Akhalzikh. When the Russians came to Erzeroom, the Armenians poured out their vengeance against the Turks, for all they had suffered from them in former times. When the Russians retired, Paskewitsh told them, he was apprehensive, if they remained, that the Turks would fall again upon them; moreover, this shrewd General through his influence with their Bishop, induced the whole Armenian and Greek population to emigrate with him, except 48 Armenian Catholics, and 100 Armenians, who remained at Erzeroom.

June 14.—I called on His Excellency, the Pasha Mohammed Asad, who speaks Persian very well. I met here likewise with Captain Woynikoff, a Russian Commissary, who came to sell the houses of the Armenians who had emigrated. There were in this

place 17000 Armenians before the invasion of the Russians. The ancient name of Erzeroom is in Armenian, Garim. Having no inducement to stay longer at Erzeroom, I left this place the same day, and arrived at Hussein Kale, 18 miles from Erzeroom. Here I met with Major Wilson, late Resident at Busheer, and Mr. Wilson, brother of Mrs. M'Neill in Persia: he requested me to go back with him to Erzeroom, which I did. He delivered to me the following letter of Dr. M'Neill from Persia.

My dear sir,

Tabreez, May 25, 1831.

I have just heard, that we may expect the pleasure of seeing you once more in Persia: and as my friend Major Wilson, who has for some years been Resident in the Persian Gulf, is about to set out on his way to Trebizond; I thought it would be a gratification for you both to meet on the road, and that a few lines to save the formality of an introduction without them, would be acceptable to you as well as to him.

Your friends here will be very glad to see you again, and amongst them none will be more rejoiced, than, my dear Sir, Yours very sincerely, JOHN M'NEIll.

June 19.-I set out again for Bayazid, and on the following day arrived at Dehar.

June 23.-I arrived at the Armenian convent Utshkelesea, i. e. Three Churches; the same name by which Ech Miazin is also called. Utshkelesea was built by Turtat, King of Armenia, after he was baptized by Gregorius Lusaworitsh, or the Enlightener. I here met with five Monks, and one Khalifa, i. e. Superior, whose name is Kalust; he is nominated by the Cathokhikos of Ech Miazin. Felizian Zaremba, the dear and excellent missionary, whom I met with at Shooshe in Karabagh, and is frequently mentioned in my travels to Persia, distributed Bibles and tracts here. The Armenian name of the Convent is Surp Hoannes, (Holy John) and the name of the place is Titz-Wan: the province is called Pakrewan. Gregorius Lusaworitsh baptized here in the third century 124,000 persons. The Priests are very ill treated by some Curdish Chiefs.

Ten thousand families of Armenians emigrated from the neighbouring places; say, Bayazid, Diordeen, Nahya, Alashkia, Khamur, and Tutawaz. Old men, and poor people only, who had nothing to lose, remained behind.

YESEEDEE.

At Kara-Bulagh, 12 hours from the convent Utsh-Kelesea, are Yeseedee, worshippers of the Devil. They divide themselves in Mesopotamia, into five sects; viz. Danadea, Mamusea, Darea, Khaldea, Sanjaar. Besides the Turkish and Curdish, they speak a language (as Artemis asserts) only known to themselves. Their Priests, who are called Meshayikh, transmit their secret knowledge from father to son. In taking an oath, and on many other