sun His glory. On every page of His revelation, He has made known His goodness. His presence brings a presentiment of that bliss, which our departed friends enjoy, who dwell with Him. Our destined portion, the portion of all redeemed souls is, to be partakers of His glory, to sit in heavenly places with Christ Jesus! Sept. 12.-I lectured in the mission church of Mr. Rhenius. I preached upon the influence of the Spirit which proceeds from the Father and the Son; to whose influence our sanctification is principally ascribed, which consists in our being restored to our true primitive calling, even our calling to the love of God. Rom. v. 5. Sept. 20.-I continued my lectures at the British station at Palamcottah.

Sept. 21.-I gave a lecture to the Hindoos. Rhenius and Shaffter interpreted sentence after sentence.

Sept. 22.-I preached in the church of Rhenius to the English

station.

Sept. 23.—I lectured in the church on the second advent.

Sept. 24.-I set out for Nagercoil, after Rhenius had kindly introduced me to the son of Sir W. Congreve.

Sept. 25.-I arrived this morning at Nagercoil, where I stayed with the truly Christian, zealous, and liberal minded Missionaries Mault and Miller of the London Missionary Society, who have a congregation of 7000 converts from Hindooism. I preached to their congregation, and Mr. Mault interpreted; and in the evening I preached to the English officers.

Sept. 28.-I set out for Trevanderam, the capital of the Rajah of Trevancore, who is a mild and amiable young man, and a great favourite with the British Government. I was kindly invited by Colonel Cadogan, in whose house I gave a lecture, and set out for Quilon, 40 E. m. from Trevanderam. Here I lived with the Rev. Mr. Thompson, the Missionary of the London Missionary Society. I requested Colonel Cook to arrange every thing for my preaching and lectures, which I delivered in the mess-room.

Oct. 1.-I set out for Aleppie, where I lodged with Mr. and Mrs. Norton. I lectured in the evening to his family, and to Mr. Munro. Mr. Norton has baptized about forty-four from among the heathens. I saw in his house a Priest of the St. Thomas Christians, converted to the catholic religion.

Oct. 2.-I arrived at Kotyam, where I met with Mr. and Mrs. Ridsdale and Mr. Peet, Missionaries of the Church Missionary Society. Mr. Ridsdale's station is Cochin, and Mr. Peet's at Kotyam, the chief seat of the Syrian Christians and of their Archbishop.

SYRIAN CHRISTIANS.

When I was in Mesopotamia in the year 1824, I observed that the Syrians at Merdeen and upon Mount Tor, near to it, claimed the Syrians of India as an offset from their Church; and when in the year 1822, I arrived at Oormia and Salmast, I observed that the Chaldean Christians, commonly called the Nestorians, claim

ed that honour. Archdeacon Robinson at Madras wrote lately a long and interesting dissertation about them. It appears that they were at some period Nestorians; but it is certain that they are now, like the Syrians at Merdeen, followers of Dioscorus, believing that the human nature of Christ was absorbed in the divine, so that Christ had one nature only, i. e. the divine.

Oct. 3.—I called with Mr. Ridsdale, a very active Missionary, on Mar Dionysius, the Metropolitan of the Syrians, a venerable old man. He informs me that they have seventy churches on the Malabar coast, and their nation amounts to 50,000. He related that 345 years after Christ, Toma, a Canaanite, came from Syria, and converted many to the Syrian religion. They speak of Antioch as the Jews do of Jerusalem, and they believe that the chief seat of the Syrian Christians is still an Antioch. In the year 1825, a Syrian Bishop was sent to them by the Patriarch of Merdeen; he was received with joy, but as he with great zeal attempted to take down the Hindoo idols, which they had in their churches, they exiled him with the aid of the British Resident.

Mr. Baillie, the Missionary of the Church Missionary Society, has translated the New Testament into Malayalem, and taught them the art of printing.

They, like the Syrians of Mesopotamia, have a great veneration for Ephrem the Syrian, and Jacob of Nisibin; they are well acquainted with the account of the conversion of Behenam and Sennahereb, mentioned in the second volume of my journals. They abstain, like their brethren in Mesopotamia, from pork and every other meat prohibited in the Law of Moses. I have with me some documents, granted to me kindly by Mr. Barber, formerly the chief Collector on the Malabar coast, from which I understand Mr. Wrede believes, that the Christians of Malabar settled in that country during the violent persecutions of the Nestorians under Theodosius II.; and Theophilus Sigefridus Bayerius, in his epistle to La Croze, expresses his doubts, whether the St. Thomas mentioned, be St. Thomas the Apostle; the opinion that he was not the Apostle, seems rather to be confirmed by the Syrians of Kotyam. And Johannes Christophorus Amadutius brings them up to the date of 325, only differing twenty years from the account I received from the Metropolite himself, from which period they received their Bishop from Mesopotamia. But Mr. Barber is in possession of Arabic manuscripts containing the history of the Mapila Mohammedans, in which it is asserted that they found Jews and Christians on their arrival at Malabar; and the Jews again say, that they found Christians in the country. I myself heard Mr. Barber's assertion confirmed by the Jews themselves, that Mar Toma (St. Thomas), arrived in India in the year 52 A. C. and themselves, the Jews, in the year 68. Beside this, St. Jerome mentions St. Thomas having gone to India, which corroborates the assertion of Mr. Barber. That the Syrian Church in India is essentially corrupted, there can be no doubt; but a judicious Missionary might make them what Buchanan in his researches imagined them to be,

for they are a mild and kind hearted people, and I hope that Mr. Baillie will do a great deal of good among them.

Mr. Ridsdale has under his care the natural daughter of an Englishman, as she otherwise would have been brought up in Mohammedan darkness.

DEPARTURE FROM KOTYAM FOR COCHIN.

Oct. 4.-I left Kotyam in company with Mr. Ridsdale. Immediately on landing from the boat, we met with the black Jews. As they did not speak Hebrew, Mr. Ridsdale was kind enough to interpret for me; but soon after, some of the white Jews assembled, and I spoke to them saying, "I am one of your brethren, a child of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and believe in Moses and the Prophets, who predicted that seed of Abraham, by whom all the nations of the earth were to be blessed, and who shall be the glory of the House of Israel; who came in the fulness of time, and was brought as a lamb to the slaughter, for the iniquities of his people; who was cut off, but not for himself; who was pierced for our iniquities; of whom it was said, 'Awake sword against my shepherd, against the man who is my fellow." Twenty years are now passed since I have found Him to be my Saviour; and now for more than twelve years, I have preached Jesus of Nazareth, the son of David, as that Lamb of God which taketh away the sin of the world; and this is the sin which Israel sinneth until now, that they do not believe in Jesus of Nazareth, who was that Angel in the wilderness who accompanied the Children of Israel when they went out of Egypt, to whom the Lord God shall give the throne of his father David, and who shall reign over the house of Jacob for ever. He, Jesus Christ, shall be the Ruler in Israel; He, who came out of Bethlehem Ephrata. When I crossed in a boat from the Jew town over to the house of Mr. Ridsdale, Mr. Winkler, the Fiscal of Mr. Clementson, the principal Collector of Malabar, delivered to me a letter from Mr. Clementson, residing at Calicut, in which he mentioned, that he had given orders to his Fiscal at Cochin to have the Government house at Cochin in readiness for me, which was done accordingly. I lived however the first day of my arrival with Mr. Ridsdale, and a few days after went to the Government house.

Oct. 7.-I lectured to the Dutch and English inhabitants of Cochin. Immediately after, I went with Mr. Winkler and a Parsee to the Jew town, called in Malayalim, Yoodah Ward. I found there the black as well as the white Jews drunk in honour of their feast of Tabernacles; yet I was enabled to preach to a few of the white Jews. The Jews of Cochin and the surrounding places are subjects to the Rajah of Cochin. I preached likewise the Gospel to some Arabs I had met in the street, who came to Cochin from Hatramawt.

Mr. Ridsdale was kind enough to introduce me to the chief Jew of Cochin, Messrs. Sargon and Sarfaty, who are also the m learned. I had a long discussion with Mr. Sargon, in the prese

of most of the white and black Jews; and in order that all of them might understand, I spoke every sentence in Hebrew and English, and Messrs. Ridsdale and Baron Albedhyl interpreted sentence after sentence. I produced Isaiah liii. Sargon desired me first to prove that it applies to Jesus, which I did from verse to verse; after this it was his turn; he indeed made a sorry figure; he first said that the person described in a suffering condition, was Moses, then Abraham, then Jeremiah, and then the Children of Israel; so that even Sarfaty admitted that Sargon was very unfortunate in his interpretation of this chapter.

HISTORY OF THE JEWS OF COCHIN.

Mr. Sarfaty was kind enough to copy for me in Hebrew the contents of their ancient copper-plates, and at the same time a copy of their privileges granted from the Malabar Kings, in the Malabar language. This I have not added here, as Mr Barber has already communicated it to the world; but only what Mr. Sarfaty has given me in Hebrew, and a Dutch document.

Since the destruction of the second temple, which happened in the year 3828 of the creation, and 3168 of Kalyok (the iron age) of the Hindoos, and 68 of the Christian era, about 10,000 men and women came into Malabar, and settled themselves down in four places, and these are their names: Cranganore, Phalor, Madin, Pulush. Many of them were in Cranganore above mentioned, and at Magodarna, Patnam, and Singili, which were under the govern'ment of Shera Firimalen.

In the year 4539 of the creation, that is 3479 of Kalyoog, and this is 379 of the Christian era, there was given to the Jews by the King of Shera Firimalen (whose remembrance may it be blessed! his name was Erircarnem), a law, expressing privileges, in a copper-plate, called Sipair, corresponding with their honour, and glory, and preservation of their customs. And in that time there was an honourable Prince Joseph Rabban, called likewise in the language of the country Siri Agada Mapala. And this glorious name was given to him by the King, whose remembrance may be blessed. And this King divided all his countries among eight Kings, as an inheritance to them: and these are their names: Chenatu Gobertin Matanen, Benbele Natu Bo-Ten Shere Manedin, Kherla Natu Manen Bigaren, Balut Natu Ercharen Shaten, Ghid Tarhur Choda Ereve, Chilapatu Murcha Shaten, Wada Shere Chanen, Peripadpu, who was the King of Cochin, to whom he left his place as an inheritance.

it

Thus the Jews were settled on the shore of the sea, in the city of Cranganore, until the Portuguese came, and took possession of the place Cranganore; at that time came over them affliction, trouble, and disturbance; they left the place, and settled in the eity of Cochin in the year 5326 of the creation, and 1566 A. C. And the King of Cochin gave them a place to erect houses and synagogues adjoining to the royal palace, called Boilus, in order that he might be their helper and protector; and thus they built

synagogues, and houses to dwell in, by means of four men: Samuel Castiel, David Belila, Ephraim Zala, and Joseph Levi, in the year 5328 of the creation, and 1567 of the Christian era; but still they suffered much by the Portuguese, so that they could not live in other places, according to their customs and rites; nor were they allowed to trade, for their subsistence, in other places. Now the Portuguese becoming stronger, came and destroyed and robbed them of every thing; and there was great tribulation among the Jews, until the Dutch nation came to Cochin in the year 1662 A. C.; then the Jews became servants and assistants to the Dutch, and provided them with all things convenient for life. At that time some dispute took place between the King of Cochin and the Dutch, in which dispute the King of Cochin was killed by the Dutch, who then returned and settled in the town of Sailan; but after they were gone, the Portuguese came with the people of Malabar with fury, and murdered, plundered and burnt the marketplace, and the synagogues of the Jews, on account of their having afforded protection to the Dutch. There was at that time a book found in the synagogue, called Sepher Yashar, which contained a journal from the day the Jews came into Malabar, till that day; and also other precious books, as canticles, poetry, and hymns; all were burnt, and the Jews were persecuted in divers ways, and afterwards threatened to be put to death. But at that time the Dutch returned to Cochin, and in a few days the fortress surrendered to the Commodore Petre de Beder, Admiral Van Goz, in the year 1663. And when the Jews heard that the fort had surrendered to the Dutch, they were rejoiced; and those who had fled to the villages, returned, and settled in their respective places, and built up the ruins thereof. And at that time a Prince of renown lived among them, Castiel by name,* and by the grace of God, blessed be his name for ever, the Jews found grace and favour in the eyes of the Dutch, and the people of Malabar and the Kings and Princes, and were assisted, and lived in safety under the protection of the Dutch, in the Malabar at Cochin.

TRANSLATION OF THE HEBREW ACCOUNT GIVEN BY MOSES SARFATI.

I might have given the translation from the original which I have before me, made by Mr. C. M. Whish, which Mr. Barber at Bombay kindly gave me; but I think, as the Jews perhaps have understood it better, I had rather give it from the Hebrew.

"In the peace of God: He is God that created the earth according to his will, and to Him I lift up my hands, who for more than a hundred thousand years is the Ruler in His dominion, yea for ever and ever. In this day, I sitting in Cranganore, in the thirtysixth year of my kingdom, I have decreed with firmness and power, to give as an inheritance to Joseph Rabban, with firmness and power, five kinds of privileges, and these are:

* A Jewish German book, which has the title as “Remnant of Israel," has given a pretty exact account of the Jews of Cochin. The Jew Castiel is named Governor of Cochin.