matter requires, persuading to a holy life, or against vice, or the like; and here observe, that your expressions be moderate, and not vehement or violent, lest it give disgust; it not being gain you desire, but winning of the party you aim at. Fifthly, Letters of Reproof is to shew the party offending his faults, either omissive or conmissive; and that they may be made sensible of the heinousness of them, that they may repair them what they may, being shamed into acknowledg ment, and so may be more careful in the future not to offend. Sixthly, Letters Petitionary, or to sue for what you are in need of, ought to be written with great submission, and your necessity urged as strongly as it will bear, and in a moving style; setting forth your wants, and the advantages that will accrue if your expectations are answered, with what convenient speed their pleasure,shall think meet, submitting to the discretion of the party you write unto. Seventhly, In Letters of Assistance you may insinuate your extraordinary concern, and sense of the party suffering, and how willing or ready you are to use your utmost diligence to contribute towards his relief, protesting your zeal to serve or stand by him, as an unshaken friend in the adversity befallen him Eighthly, Letters of Excuse or Thanks, or not perhaps being capable to make suitable returns for favours and kindness received, therefore ought to be writ in an obliging and acknowledged style, extolling their goodness moderately, promising what lies in your weak performance to recompense such weighty favours (as they may be), proceeding purely from their condescending goodness towards you, and not any desert (perhaps) that could move them to it. Ninthly, In Letters of Consolation, you are to use reasons and arguments of administering comfort, shew how much you bear a part in it; yet since afflictions are so frequent, and many times absolutely necessary, or not to be avoided, we ought to look on them as sent from God, to humble us for our good; and that all sorrow, except godly sorrow, is hurtful to nature, and can avail nothing; you may then add your dissuasion from it, mixed with consolation and comfort, as the nature of the thing requires. Tenthly, Letters of Rejoicing, or Congratulatory, is to rejoice with your friend upon what real occasion or advantage has happened to him; as in prosperity of affairs, recovery from sickness, happy marriage, coming to an estate,or the like. Eleventhly, In Letters of Advice or Counsel, consider to whom you give the Advice, and let it be suited according as the occasion requires; and deliver your opinion with gravity and sobriety, weighing your arguments, against which there may be no material objection. Be not hasty to give advice, unless really desired, and then you may do it so far as you perceive it proper. Twelfthly, In Letters of Recommendation; in that case, insinuate a just character of the person you recommend, in case of service, marriage, trust, or the like, that he may be responsible for what you write, that no after disgrace, or loss of friendship, may redound to your prejudice. Thirteenthly, Letters of Threatening ought to be used very seldom, or never; but when they are, they ought to be full of resentments of injury, in an angry style, to terrify the person to a submission; or that, otherwise, he must give satisfaction for the wrong done to your estate, name, friend, or person; but use not unseemly expressions, lest your passion be greater than the offence. Fourteenthly, Letters of Command are where you have a power on the person to whom you write, as a father from a son, a prince from his subjects, a master from his servant; and be sure let the thing commanded be in the party's power, and lawful to be done. Monthly Observations throughout the Year, Of what is to be done in the Orchard, Kitchen Garden, and In the Orchard. This month lay bare the roots of your fruit Trees in open weather, nourish them with good rotten soil; prune those Trees that are to stand, and transplant the younger; prune and nail up your walled fruit; now cut the vines close; moss the trees that are encumbered, with a copper scraper; gather scions and grafts, and turn your dunged ground. In the Kitchen Garden. Lay heaps of good mould, mixed with dung, to rot against Spring, for your use; and if the weather be open, set early Peas and Beans, sow the seeds of Radish, Spinage, Charvil, Lettuce, Corn Salad, and make up your Hotbeds to set things in that are to be forced, and come out of their natural season. In the Flower Garden. Now is the time to preserve the best July Flowers and Auriculas from snow and over-much wet, by laying the pots or boxes on one side they are planted in; support mat coverings over them, on hoops archways, about a foot from them; yet if the sun shine clear once a week, air them, by opening them in the middle of the day; but by no means forget to cover them again ere the Sun be much declined; and now and then loosen the mould, and scatter fresh, mixed with a little dung, on the top. February. In the Orchard. Take care to cover the roots of your fruit-trees that were laid open the month before; plant, if the weather be open; and towards the latter end of the month graft Pears, Apples, Plums, Cherries, and cleanse the trees of defects left undone in the last month. In the Kitchen Garden. Continue to sow and set Beans and Peas, Radish, Parsnips, and Asparagus: remove Cabbage Plants and Potatoes, Jerusalem Artichokes; Winter early Cauliflowers; sow Parsley, Spinage, and other Pot Herbs that will endure the weather; raise Hot-beds for Musk Melons and Cucumbers, &c.; sow the seeds in them at Full Moon, steeping them in a little warm milk; you may put three seeds in a hole, cover them till they come above ground, then air them as soon as the Sun is favourable,but cover them at other times. In the Flower Garden. Sow in mellow earth Auricula seeds in pots, but not too thick; keep your choice Flowers in pots or cases, warm, with tilted coverings. The weather being open, this month you may plant early Anemonies; sow choice seeds in warm mellow mould, and keep every thing, as much as may be, from too much wet, and cutting sharp air. March. In the Orchard. Proceed to graft choice Fruits, as Nectarines, Apricots, Wall Plums, Peaches, and the like; raise the Earth about the Roots of choice trees, lay layers of young sprouts, cutting them underneath, that they may take root; enrich the earth you lay them in, that they may do it soon; stake and bind up the weak shrubs and plants that are apt to be much shaken and loosened by the wind. In the Kitchen Garden. Set slips of Sage, Rosemary, Lavender, and Thyme; sow Leeks, Radish, Endive, Succory, Parsnips, Beets, Skirrets, Sorrel, Parsley, Bugloss, Burrage, Charvil, Lettuce, Onions, Garlick, Purslain, Peas, Carrots, Turnips, Cabbage, Marjoram, Cresses, and Fennel; string Strawberry-beds, place Glasses over your Melons and Cucumber Plants, till you remove them from the Hot-Beds; transplant Medicinal Herbs. In the Flower Garden. Sow Sweet-Williams, Auriculas, Wall Flowers, Stock Gilliflowers, Candy Tufts, Venus Looking-Glass, French Honeysuckles, Cowslip and Primrose Seeds, Larkheels, Campions, Lichins, Campanula, Indian Scabious, Pink or Gilliflower Seed, &c. And in your Hot-Beds, French Marigolds, Amaranth, Nostratum Indicum, Mirabula Peruana, the Sensible Humble Plant, &c. Transplant Gilliflowers and Ariculas, if the weather be favourable; weed after a gentle shower; earth-up unremoved Gilliflowers and Auriculas. April. In the Orchard. Cut Scions for Grafts, take Succory from the Roots of Grown Trees, earth-up the Roots pretty high, smoke your Orchard in the evening with wet Hay or Straw, scattering Pitch and Brimstone on it, to prevent Insects biting off the tender buds, and cold morning Frosts from nipping them. In the Kitchen Garden. Sow Hyssop, Marjoram, Basil, Thyme, Lettuce, Scurvy-grass, Winter Savory; slip Shrubs after a shower; sow Radish, Marigolds, Carnations, &c.; slip Artichokes, Lavender, Thyme, Rosemary; set French Beans, and remove tender Shrubs. In the Flower Garden. The Season now requires you to ply your task to the purpose; continue Hot-Beds for Exotics, that without them cannot be brought to perfection, and remove them not into the air, till the Common Earth can give them a sufficient warmth; take out Indian Tube-roses, and divide their off-sets from them; but beware, in doing it, you break not the phangs; put them in natural rich Earth in pots, so plunge your pots in a Hot-Bed, moderately warm, but water them not till they spring up; in dry weather, when they are well sprung up, water them freely, and, blowing in August, they will produce a curious Flower; shade your best Tulips from too much heat of the Sun, as also your seeding Auriculas, or the latter will go near to die; if any of them be stripped, remove them from the rest, lest they infect them, and make them change their natural colours; and this month continue weeding. May. In the Orchard. Begin to inoculate, as you find your buds prompt and ready,which take away the middle sprout; smoke your Orchard still as before, for now Flies and Caterpillars are much abroad. In the Kitchen Garden. Thin your Salading and other Herbs, that what remains may grow more kindly and flourish better; leave the Strawberry heds, that the flowers and knit berries may have the better benefit to the Sun; strew Lime and Pot Ashes to destroy Insects in the partitions, alleys, or sides of the beds or furrows. In the Flower Garden. Transplant Flos Africanus, Amaranthus, Nasturtium Indicum, Mirabila, Peruviana, and such like choice Flowers; gather the seeds of Anemonies as the dew rises, lest it be lost by the Winds blowing it away; sow hot Aromatic Herbs, plant Stock Gilliflowers in beds, and suffer not weeds to seed. June. In the Orchard. Inoculate Apricots, Nectarines, Peaches, Cherries, Apples, Plums, Pears, and gather such fruit as the season produces, for drying, candying, or preserving, for the present use of your table. In the Kitchen Garden. Gather such Herbs as you would keep dry, for use all the year, in the full of the Moon, when the Sun has dried the wet from them; sow Lettuce, Charvil, Radish; distil Aromatic plants; water well after Sun-set. In the Flower Garden. Transplant autumnal Cyclamen; gather the ripe seeds of choice Flowers; inoculate Jessamine, Roses, and Rose Shrubs; take up Anemonies, Ranunculas, and Tulip Roots, so keeping them dry in boxes or sand, that they do not mould nor rot, till you may replant them; lay July Flowers, which will in six weeks strike root, so that you may transplant them into light loam earth, mixed with good rotten soil, and in the Winter to save room; preserve them from too much wet; and what good Gilliflowers are now blown, preserve them from seed, suffering them to have but a few layers, so the pods will be filled with the fairer seed; take not seed from those that break their pods, and ere you gather it, observe the Sun has well ripened it. July. In the Orchard. Water young plants and layers of trees; prune peaches and Apricots, leaving the most proper shoots for bearing, so that they may commodiously spread on the wall; stop the luxuriant branches of Vines, at the second joint above the fruit. In the Kitchen Garden. Set Sweet Herbs you would have run to seed; sow Lettuce, Radish, Charvil, and other Salad, that they may recruit the stock that is wasted. In the Flower Garden. Slip Stocks and other woody Plants and Flowers; lay Myrtles, Jessamines, and other greens, and make trial of Orange Trees, for if they take they will cer tainly be more during, and less subject to be hurt by cold; Jay Gilliflowers that were not ready for it before, and cut off withered stalks or flowers; clip Box if out of order; sow Anemony seeds, in fine sifted rich earth in beds or boxes; take up arly autumnal Cyclamens, and as soon as may be, replant them in fit soil; gather early Cyclamen seeds, and presently sow it in pots; the end of this month sift your off-set beds of Tulips, also for Anemonies, Ranunculas, &c. so that they may be well prepared for replanting with such things as you have ready in pots, or to set in natural ground, till the next season, as Mirabila, Peruviana, Nasturtium In |