as yet the decay and mortality that some take pleasure in foretelling for her.1

MONTALEMBERT,

"Avenir Politique de l'Angleterre."

A PATRIOTIC APPEAL.

What I demand is, that personal interest be set aside, and that no apprehensive fears shall make us lose sight of our country's interest. You will accomplish your work in continuing your deliberations. One thing of two, gentlemen,33 will happen-either the allied armies will leave your sittings to proceed with their customary tranquil solemnity, or you will be forcibly torn5 from this sanctuary. If we are to remain free, let us not have to reproach ourselves with hesitation or interruption; if we are overpowered by violence, let us leave to others the odium of this violation, and let the opprobrium of having stifled the national voice rest8 entirely upon the heads of those who will have dared to bring it upon themselves.10 You protested beforehand; you still protest against any act that shall injure11 our liberty and the rights of your representatives.12 Would you have to dread these evils if the promises of kings had not proved 13 vain? Then let us say, with that

1 That some take pleasure in..... for her, qu'on se plaît à lui...... 2 That no, etc......of, que nulle appréhension ne voile à nos yeux3 one thing of two, gentlemen, de deux choses, Messieurs, l'une will leave, etc.......solemnity, laisseront à vos séances leurs tranquilles solennités-5 you will be forcibly torn, la force vous arrachera 6 are to, devons are overpowered by, subissons les lois de la-8 and let ......rest, et que...... pèse-9 entirely, tout entier-10 who, etc...... themselves, qui oseront s'en charger -11 shall injure, blessera 12 representatives, mandataires-13 had not proved, n'étaient pas.

celebrated orator whose words have rung through1 Europe: "We are here by the will of the people, and we shall not be driven out except at the point of the bayonet."2

MANUEL, July, 1815.

4

DEMETRIUS' ECCLESIASTICAL REFORM.

A usurper stands in need of glory, and is, as it were, under the necessity of becoming a conqueror. The great project of Demetrius was that conceived by Stephen Batthory; he aimed at uniting all the strength of the Slavonic race in order to turn it against the Turks and Tartars. He began to labour at this design the very day after his arrivals at Moscow. The aggrandizement of his dominions, an immense glory for himself, and a thorough consolidation of his authority, were the results which he hoped to derive10 from this mighty undertaking. But it was fraught with many11 dangers, the most considerable of which were not the chances of war. In order to form the coalition whose chieftain he aspired to become, Demetrius was obliged to act with great circumspection towards 12 the King of Poland and the Pope.

1 Have rung through, ont retenti dans-2 and we, etc......point of, et l'on ne nous en arrachera que par la force des bayonnettes.

9

3 Stands in need of, a besoin de as it were, pour ainsi dire5 that conceived by Stephen, celui d'Etienne-6 the strength, les forces -to turn it against, pour les jeter sur-8 the very day after his arrival, dès le lendemain de son arrivée thorough consolidation, affermissement-10 which he hoped to derive, qu'il se promettait-11 it was fraught with many, elle offrait bien des-12 obliged, etc......to. wards, obligé à de grands ménagements à l'égard de.

With the Holy See especially he had a difficult part to perform. While in Poland, he had promised the conversion of his subjects, and had become a Catholic himself; at Moscow, he was obliged to amuse the Pope by an affectation of zeal3 for the interests of the Latin Church, and at the same time carefully to conceal his change of creed from his subjects, who were already too much disposed to doubt his orthodoxy. Hence arose a difficult and compromising correspondence with Rome, where no adequate idea was entertained5 of the obstacles against which he had to contend. On the other hand, his military preparations necessitated very large expenditure. When he found himself in want of money,6 he had recourse to the means which appeared to him most expeditious.

Like Charles Martel, he thought himself entitled" to impose upon the clergy a portion of the expenses of an expedition which had for its object9 the glory and triumph of Christianity. He determined to make himself exactly acquainted with the revenues of the numerous monasteries in 10 his empire, and loudly declared that he would not allow so many lazy monks to livell in abundance, whilst part of Christendom had still to be freed 12 from the Mussulman yoke. Reforms, and with them confiscations, began. Several convents were suppressed, and great reductions in

1 While in, en-2 a to be left out-3 an affectation of zeal, un zèle prétendu hence arose, de là-5 where no adequate idea was entertained, où l'on ne se faisait guère une idée-6 when he, etc......money, l'argent venant à lui manquer he thought himself entitled, il se crut le droit-8 to impose, de faire peser-9 for its object, pour but-10 in, de-11 he would not allow......to live, il n'entendait pas que...... vécussent-12 whilst part......had still to be freed, lorsqu'il s'agissait de délivrer une partie.......

their temporal revenues were announced for the future. Finally, the Czar, desirous to have near him all the members of his household,' and particularly his foreign musicians, turned out the monks from the convents of Arbate and Tchertol, which stood near3 his palace, in order to enlarge its dependencies. PROSPER MÉRIMÉE, “Les faux Démétrius.”

MODERN GREEKS AT HOME.

Does Greek patriotism go the length of exposing itself to musket balls? This is a question I have often discussed with the Philhellenes. Europe believed at one time5 that all Greeks were heroes. I have heard some old soldiers affirm that they were all cowards. I think I am nearer the truth in saying that they have a sort of discreet and reflecting courage. During the War of Independence they fought chiefly as7 skirmishers, behind bushes. It will be easy to believe this, when I add that they are given to resting their gun on a tree or a stone, to make sure of their shot. Their sportsmen seldom kill game flying;10 they shoot partridges sitting," and hares in the form.12 It is in this way they formerly went out shooting man.13 No doubt there have been found among them 14 some soldiers brave enough to

1 Members of his household, gens de sa maison-2 turned out, fit déloger-3 which stood near, voisins de.

4 The length of exposing itself to, jusqu'à affronter-5 at one time, dans un temps-6 I think I am, je crois être-7 as, en- they are given to resting, ils appuient volontiers-9 to make sure of their shot, pour assurer le coup-10 flying, au vol-11 sitting, au posé-12 in the form, au gîte- -13 it is, etc......man, c'est ainsi qu'ils ont fait autrefois la chasse à l'homme-14 there have been found among them, il s'est rencontré parmi eux.

venture on the plain, but they were not the greater number. Canaris, who used to set fire to a fleet by lying alongside of it,' was a subject of astonishment to the whole nation. It must not be supposed that all the Greeks are like Canaris, and it is always a bad system to judge of3 a nation from an individual.1 It was not the Greek fleet that attacked Xerxes at Salamis; it was one man, it was Themistocles. The Greeks wanted not to fight; and Herodotus relates that a voice was heard in the air" which exclaimed, "Cowards! when will you cease to retreat ?"

The Greek nation8 is not born to make war, whatever it may say. Had it as much courage as it pretends to, discipline, which is the main spring of war, will always be wanting. The Greeks assert that they are not born for agriculture, and I am afraid they are right; agriculture requires more patience, more perseverance, and a more stable mind 10 than the Hellenes have ever been gifted with." They like distant voyages, hazardous enterprises, venturesome speculations. The Greek finds himself in his right place 12 at the door of a shop, whence he invites customers, or on the deck of a vessel, where he amuses the passengers. Sitting, he is satisfied with 13 his dignity; standing, he admires himself for 14 his elegance; but it is repugnant to him to stoop towards the earth. Our labourers would call him an

1 By lying alongside of it, à bout portant-2 to, pour—3 to judge of, que de juger from an individual, sur échantillon-5 it was not, ce n'est pas 6 wanted not to, ne voulaient pas-7 a voice was heard in the air, il s'éleva dans les airs une voix-8 nation, peuple-9 had it......as it pretends to, eût-il......qu'il s'en attribue-10 a more stable mind, plus d'esprit de suite 11 have, etc.....with, n'en ont jamais eu-12 in his right place, à sa place-13 sitting, he is satisfied with, assis, il se complait dans-1 for, dans.