Jamestown. The Indian emperor was a man of dignified sentiments. One day, when there was a large crowd in his room gazing at him, he called for the governor and said to him, "If it had been my fortune to have taken sir William Berkeley prisoner, I should have disdained to have made a show of him to my people.' About a fortnight after he was taken, a brutal soldier shot him through the back, of which wound the old man soon died. A peace was soon afterwards made with the Indians.

During the civil war in England, governor Berkeley took the side of the king, and Virginia was the last of the possessions of England which acknowledged the authority of Cromwell. Severe laws were made against the puritans, though there were none in the colony; commerce was interrupted, and the people were unable to supply themselves with implements of agriculture. It was not till the year 1651, that Virginia was subdued. The parliament had sent a fleet to reduce Barbadoes, and from this place a small squadron was detached under the command of captain Dennis. The Virginians, by the help of

some Dutch vessels which were then in the port, made such resistance that he was obliged to have recourse to other means besides force. He sent word to two of the members of the council, that he had on board a valuable cargo belonging to them, which they must lose, if the protector's authority was not immediately acknowledged. Such dissensions now took place. in the colony, that sir William and his friends were obliged to submit on the terms of a general pardon. He however remained in the colony, passing his time in retirement at his own plantation, and observing with satisfaction that the parliament made moderate use of its success, and that none of the Virginia royalists were persecuted for their resistance.

After the death of governor Matthews, who was appointed by Cromwell, the people applied to sir William to resume the government; but he declined complying with their request, unless they would submit themselves again to the authority of the king. Upon their consenting to do this, he resumed his former authority in January 1659; and king Charles II. was proclaimed in

Virginia before his restoration to the throne of England. The death of Cromwell, in the mean time, dissipated from the minds of the colonists the fear of the consequences of their boldness.

After the restoration governor Berkeley received a new commission, and was permitted to go to England and pay his respects to his majesty. During his absence, the deputy go vernor whom he had appointed in obedience to his orders, collected the laws into one body. The church of England was made the established religion, parishes were regulated, and besides a mansion-house and glebe, a yearly stipend in tobacco to the value of eighty pounds, was settled on the minister. In the year 1662 governor Berkeley returned to Virginia, and in the following year the laws were enforced against the dissenters from the establishment, by which a number of them were driven from the colony.

During Bacon's rebellion he exhibited a suitable regard to the dignity of his station and a firm resolution to support his authority. Peace was afterwards preserved, not so much by the removal of grievances which awakened discon

tent, as by the arrival of a regiment from England, which remained a long time in the country.

In the year 1677, sir William was induced on account of his ill health to return to England, leaving colonel Jeffries deputy governor. He died soon after his arrival, and before he had seen the king, after an administration of near forty years. He was buried at Twickenham, July 13th, 1677. The assembly of Virginia declared he had been an excellent and well de. serving governor. The following extract from his answer, in June 1671, to inquiries of the committee for the colonies, is a curious speci

men of his loyalty: "We have forty-eight parishes, and our ministers are well paid, and by my consent should be better, if they would pray oftener and preach less; but as of all other commodities so of this, the worst are sent us, and we have few that we can boast of since the persecution in Cromwell's tyranny drove divers worthy men hither. Yet I thank God there are no free schools, nor printing; and I hope we shall not have these hundred years. For learning has brought disobedience and heresy and sects

into the world, and printing has divulged them,and libels against the best government."

He published the Lost Lady, a tragi-comedy, 1639; and a discourse and view of Virginia, 1663. American Biography.

No. X.

NORBORNE BERKELEY, baron de Botetourt, one of the last governors of Virginia while a British colony, obtained the peerage of Botetourt in the year 1764. In July, 1768, he was appointed governor of Virginia, in the place of general Amherst. He died at Williamsburg on the 15th of October 1770, in the fifty-third year of his age. At his death the government, in consequence of the resignation of the honourable John Blair, devolved upon the honourable William Nelson, until the appointment in December of lord Dunmore, then governor of New York.

Lord Botetourt seems to have been highly and deservedly respected in Virginia. His ex