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143

"The prosperity of a country depends not upon the abundance of its revenues, nor upon the strength of its fortifications, nor upon the beauty of its public buildings, but upon the number of its cultivated citizens, its men and women of education, enlightenment, and character. Here are found the true interest, the chief strength, and the real power of a nation." Luther. "Education is a companion that no misfortune can depress, no clime destroy, no enemy alienate, no despotism enslave; at home a friend, abroad an introduction, in solitude a solace, and in society an ornament."

Phillips.

144

WORD BUILDING

=

to speak.

Ap'tus (att, ept) = fit. Fa'ri [fa'tus]
Qui es'ce re [qui e'tus] = to rest, to repose.

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quiver scepter plebeian polonaise

villain exhaust scavenger congenial harangue shoeing naphtha audacious tourmaline hypnotize

symphony

awe adz

TEST WORDS

plumb great drawn earth heart mourn mirth raise boast worth weave niece where steak braid cloak eagle pleat would steal plaid

any pity body very lief
goal hail wiry hour
gnat comb main iron
buy wrap soap they lamb
air debt bass does pear
ewe bomb deaf soul wear
guy pawn hawk e'er slew
two numb herd coal could climb
aye whey loan bowl chain knife

cheap scent

peace yield

Owe tour pour axle gaunt board train plait fir limb prey lyre laugh thumb cream gnash dye knee zeal fowl halve meant neigh agile lye lawn suit flea guide touch brain reign palm pier herb about heavy shawl rhyme off what flue lead niche wound frail plead hymn odor ewer cite knoll fruit

ere

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bade ague bail bier their piece

sweat bleak

sieve islet

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dyed aisle
calm dough dream saber peach

vault woman weary which

wren duet easy ache heal wail alms chord hinge lynx sour goes vein sugar avoid raid dear soak lien sperm beast gout soup view ream wrath waist gnaw meal sown riot wrest metal who core each know which shear ache cheer knot howl chair comma tooth trial

brawn quart éclat siege

group chalk

teeth sheath

bead zero salt tail pretty happen trail carat

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deceit caprice
crisis uncouth neither cornice
filial
quota swoon quarrel traitor
axiom caisson machine descend

quench

fresco

.coercion

luxuriant

currier peacock sewage

allegiance

calisthenics

neighbor

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trough

shriek acknowledge

height cocoanut

crease paralyze afraid opportunity chrome prophecy

quorum

sprawl tyrannical shrewd physique

soar guard urchin
knit wield heaves steady
whet choir fillet dreary
dawn knead woeful source
kiln sight spread grieve
fawn depot bruise
wean bough pauper ravine
once toast porous debris
duly croup hawser wreath
veil cough cudgel fierce
toad daisy cougar slight
warp truly twinge belief
omit dryly league ermine
axil sword swathe writhe
yolk basin cereal coarse
idyl least phlegm malign
nigh realm mirage medium
high solid chaise squeal
isle auger liquor

facial.

square whimsical sphere liquidate friend lineament double syndicate stream turquoise beaver librarian bought traceable preach atmosphere breath financier tongue etiquette pigeon antiquity

serial university

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listen parachute

feudal

dyeing singular

echo groan visual nephew meddle grammar dose grate history palatial hearth commence

hue thing copious tempest college command time moment plural awkward triumph etiquette pure

awry awe

out cure

arithmetic

RULES FOR SPELLING

PLURALS OF NOUNS

The plurals of nouns are generally made by adding s to the singular.

Nouns ending in 8, x, z, sh, or soft ch, and nouns that end in i, o, u, or y, preceded each by a consonant, are made plural by adding es to the singular. (Y is changed to i when adding es.)

In our language, as written in England, the plural of story, or storey, meaning floor, is storeys. We write stories. When reading books printed in England, we notice these interesting differences.

A few nouns in o are exceptions to the above rule, and add s only. See opposite page.

Nouns ending in o or y, preceded by a vowel, add s to the singular to form the plural.

Nouns ending in silent e, preceded by the sound of 8, x, z, j, sh, or soft ch, add s to the singular.

Some nouns ending in ƒ and fe change f to v and add es, and others add only 8 to form the plural.

The plurals of letters, figures, and other characters are formed by adding the apostrophe (') and s, that is ('s), to the singular.

EXCEPTION. — Wharf has both forms, wharfs and wharves. Staff becomes staves in the plural, but its compounds are regular; as, flagstaff, flagstaffs.

The plural of many nouns is irregular, as man,

men.

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