grit pres'ence con trol' in ten'tion ap point' um'pire sought con'stant ly wea'ry stam'mer so'lo mois'tened cap'tive de vour' in quire' dis'tance vol ca'no rum'ble 41 "The man of grit carries in his very presence a power that controls and commands." It is my intention to appoint my friend umpire of the game. "While I sought Happiness, she fled Weary I turned to Duty's path, Do not stammer when talking. 42 The lady sang a solo. "Our bread was such as captive's tears Have moistened many a thousand years." "The big spiders devour the smaller Inquire the distance to the city. The volcano rumbles and sends forth fire, smoke, and lava. "My ears with tingling echoes ring, And life itself is on the wing." la'va tin'gle tin'gling DEFINITIONS Spelling is the placing of the right letters of a word in their proper order. A syllable is either a word or part of a word spoken with one effort of the voice. A monosyllable is a word of one syllable. A polysyllable is a word of four or more syllables. EXAMPLES: Wood; but'ter, but'ter cup; sep'a rat ed. Syllabication is the dividing of words into syllables. Syllabication does not always conform to the pronunciation of words. Yet in every word there are as many syllables as there are efforts of the voice; as, dif'fer ent. Accent is added force of voice on certain syllables. Some words have two accents; a primary (') accent, and a secondary (') accent. A vowel is a letter that stands for a pure (free) tone of the voice; as, a, e, i, o, u, sometimes w and y. A consonant is a letter that stands for an impure (obstructed) tone of the voice; as, b, d, f, g, m, x, etc. A diphthong is the union of two vowels in a syllable; as, ea in bead; oy in boy; oa in loaf. A proper diphthong is that in which both vowels are sounded; as, oi in toil; ou in loud. An improper diphthong is that in which only one of the vowels is sounded; as, oa in boat. A triphthong is the union of three vowels in a syllable; as, eau in beau; iew in view. A proper triphthong is that in which more than one vowel is sounded; as, uoy in buoy. An improper triphthong is that in which only one vowel is sounded; as, eau in beauty. Words are classified as simple or compound, primitive or derivative. A simple word is not composed of other words; as, police, man, never, the, less. A compound word is composed of two or more simple words; as, policeman, nevertheless. A primitive word is not formed from any other word; as, hard, great, fly, watch. A derivative word is formed from some similar word; as, harder, greatness, watchful. A prefix is a syllable, a number of syllables, or a word added to the beginning of another word to modify its meaning; as, use, abuse, misuse; fine, superfine. A suffix is a syllable, a number of syllables, or a word added to the ending of another word to modify its meaning; as, cost, costly. Derivative words are formed from primitive words by means of prefixes and suffixes; as, move, remove; close, inclose; skate, skating. 49 WORD BUILDING (Prefixes) a=on; ad, afto; arch = chief; ante, pre, fore= win'try hoard lav'ish rea'son ap'pe tite wel'fare corpse hearse bur'i al au tum'nal shorn row'en de cline' de clin'ing rat tan' doc'ile "Heap high the farmer's wintry hoard, Heap high the golden corn, No richer gift has Autumn poured From out her lavish horn." “Reason should direct, appetite obey." "The wise and strong should seek the welfare of the weak." The corpse was placed in the hearse and taken to the place of burial. 51 "And now the autumnal dews are seen To cobweb every green; And by the low-shorn rowen doth appear The fast declining year." The rattan chair is well made. The scholar has a docile mind. |