beginning of 1857, I was the means of recommending Charles Darwin to visit the establishment, and happened to spend a fortnight there in his company. As we generally walked together after the baths, I had opportunities of hearing of the progress of his researches, and the approaching publication of the Origin of Species. He found so much benefit from the treatment under Dr. Lane that he frequently returned for a fortnight's stay at a time; but I never met him again.

Autumn and Winter, 1858-59.

Another appointment of importance that I received was Examiner in Moral Science for the Indian Civil Service. This took place first in 1858, and was renewed in the two years following, and again in 1863, 1864, 1868 and 1870.

In the interval between completing the Emotions in midsummer and going to press in November, I had the misfortune to incur a bad sprain. The result of the first shock was to shake my system and lower the energies for several weeks. It was so far fortunate that my work now in hand was principally revising proofs. The crippling effect of the sprain became chronic, in spite of all the remedies that were suggested;

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and it was not entirely overcome for the next three years.

On offering the MS. to Parker for publication, I found he was dissatisfied with the slow sale of the Senses, which had now been out for three years. He, accordingly, recommended me to delay going to press for some time longer.

It was in November of this year that John Mill was released from the India House, and made his disastrous journey to the south of France, which led to the sudden death of his wife at Avignon. He returned forthwith to England ; and, although seeing nobody for several months, he was ready to correspond upon matters that interested him. I took occasion to inform him of the difficulty that Parker made in regard to publishing the new volume. He at once took effectual means to overcome Parker's scruples. He intimated to Parker that Grote and he would take the liability of any loss that the immediate publication would incur, after a reasonable time allowed for sale. This, of course, removed the difficulty. The work went to press, and came out in March, 1859. Its publication stimulated at once the sale of the Senses, and the returns were such as to dispense with Mill's offered guarantee.

This matter being settled, I submitted the MS. for Mill's revision before printing. He went over

it carefully, and made occasional annotations,— which were, of course, valuable. Grote did the same, and contributed an addition to the discussion of the moral sense, with especial reference to Whewell's doctrine of a standard of right in the abstract (page 291). The handling of this point, however, extending over eight pages, I afterwards considered to be disproportionate, and abridged it.

Summer, 1859.

After the publication of the Emotions, in April, I repaired for a few weeks to Malvern, and hoped to get benefit for my bad foot, having employed a rubber for a daily application. There I received, almost together, letters from George Grote and his brother John, who were the first to read the new volume, and must, in fact, have perused it within a week. They were both complimentary, but in different ways. John Grote's criticism took exception to the thorough-going concomitance of mind and body, and gave certain indications of his own views, which had somewhat of the prevailing spiritualistic tendency. The following are the two letters in full; the first being George Grote's :

PUBLICATION OF "THE EMOTIONS AND THE WILL". 253

"12 SAVILLE ROW,
"LONDON, 21st April, 1859.

"DEAR MR. BAIN,

"Since I saw you, I have read with attention through your vol. ii. I am happy to be able to tell you, with all sincerity, that it satisfies me completely. It has decidedly surpassed my expectations, which were nevertheless very great. Those portions which I saw in MS. read much better in print: and among the very best parts of the book, are some which I did not see in MS.: especially the chapter on Consciousness, and the admirable answer to Sir John Herschel. The chapter on the Ethical Emotions is most instructive and excellent. In short, I am very glad to have lived to see such a book in print respecting the Human Mind: so much transcending any other existing book on the subject-not even excepting James Mill's Analysis.

"Not one of your readers will derive more instruction. from the book than I have derived: probably none will do such full justice to its many novel and original points of view, upon a subject of all others the most apparently hackneyed."

"MY DEAR SIR,

"TRUMPINGTON,
"CAMBRIDGE, 9th April, 1859.

"I received your volume on the Emotions and the Will some days since, and should have acknowledged it earlier through Mr. Parker or my brother, but that I wished not only to say that I hoped to have pleasure in reading the book but to thank you for some pleasure and profit received from it already, which I am now in some degree able to do. I am not certain that I should go so far as you do in your note, and say that the Psychological method is absolutely the best for the treatment of Ethical and Metaphysical subjects, but I feel satisfied of this that Psychology treated in

the manner in which you treat it is what no Philosophy can do without, and that whatever matter for philosophical investigation there may be besides and beyond the results you come to, the way in which you set about your investigations is such, that your results cannot fail to be of great and permanent value. Our worthy Scotch predecessors in the last century talked a great deal about introducing induction and really scientific methods into the science of mind, but I must say it appears to me that you have done it more than most of them did. There is in your book so much of exact observation and real fact, one is able so fully to feel that it is not words and names, but real facts and processes which one is reading about, that I think in regard to the manner of knowing, the manner of feeling, and the manner of willing, you stand on firmer ground than any before you, and on ground not likely to be shaken. You have apparently a knowledge of physiology greater than most of your predecessors, and the want of which knowledge has made me (for my own humble part) hesitate in following out some trains of thought which have suggested themselves. One or two of the things in both your books are things which I have taught myself without being able to give half as good reason for them as you do. Your books I should think would do more than any other of our time to satisfy people that there is something to be learnt in philosophy, and that it is not merely a matter to be disputed about; and the entire absence of that unscientific pretension, and quackery, and trenchant contempt of opponents, which our philosophic brethren are rather wont to indulge in, makes you an example to us all.

"Your last book, so far as I have been able to make myself master of it, seems to me to have done a great deal towards getting us into the right path both as regards the classification of the emotions, and as regards what we may call the growth and history of the Will. What I doubt is, not whether your views and investigations are in