Characteristics-Failure to recover Newport, 223. British and Indian

ravages, 224.
Decline of American affairs, 225. Loss of Georgia

Defence of Charleston, 226. Failure to recover Savannah - Invasion

of Virginia - Operations in the north, 227. Jones's cruise, 228. Spain

in the war, 229. Loss of South Carolina - Failure to recover it, 230.

Abandonment of the south - Its defence - Darkness in the north, 231.

Light in the south, 233. Holland in the war-Final adoption of the

Confederation, 234. Its inefficiency, 235. Defence of the Carolinas,

236. The central states in danger, 237. Crisis-American prepara-

tions, 238. Defeat of Cornwallis, 239. Effect - Prospects, 240. Evac-
uation of the south- The European combatants, 241. Cessation of
hostilities - Release of prisoners, 242. Treaties of peace, 243. Evacu-
ation of the north - Troubles in the American army, 244. Disbanding
- Government of the nation, 245. Washington's counsels, 246. And

prayers, 247.

CHAPTER VI.

THE CONSTITUTION.

Foreign sympathy- Lafayette's visit, 248.

Wants of America

Organization, 249. The states: Internal troubles, 250. Dismember-

ments Case of Vermont, 251. Disputes between state and state

General government, 253. Organization of the north-west territory,

254. Difficulties with Spain, 255. And Great Britain, 256. Dark times

Old foundations-Recent superstructures, 257. Religious privileges,

258. Ecclesiastical organizations - Suggestions of a national Consti-

tution, 259.

Conventions at Alexandria and Annapolis - Action of

Virginia, 260. Of other states and of Congress, 261. Opening of the

Convention Aspect, 262. Plans of a constitution, 263. Question of

powers, 264. A national system adopted Parties: Small states and

large states Views of state government, 265. Votes of states, 266.

Agitation, 267. Parties: North and south Apportionment of repre-

sentation-The slave trade, 268. Details and discussions, 269. Adop-

tion of the Constitution - Opposition in the nation, 270. Constitutional

writings, 271. Adoption by the states, 272. Character of the trans-

action, 273. Sympathy for mankind-Literature of the revolution and

the Constitution, 274. The music of Billings, 275.

CHAPTER VII.

WASHINGTON'S ADMINISTRATION.

Washington president, 276. Organization of government-Solemnity

of the work, 277. Washington to his fellow-Christians
The nation,

278. Work of Congress: The departments and the judiciary — Amend-

ments to the Constitution, 279. Revenue - Credit, 280. Manner of

decision, 281. National bank — Parties, 282.
Parties, 282. Especially north and

south-Points concerning slavery, 283. As to the territories, 284.

Starting point of future strife, 285. Presidential tours - Work of the

states-New states -Dependence upon Washington, 286. Animosity

of parties Insurrection in Pennsylvania, 288. Indian wars, 289. In-

dian interests, 290. Heckewelder, the missionary Tribute to Algiers,

291. Foreign relations - Commercial treaties, 292. Treaty with Spain

- Relations with Great Britain and France, 293. Parties thereupon,

294. Washington proclaims neutrality-Point proposed - Mission of

Genet, 295. Great Britain and France invade American neutrality

Threatened war with Great Britain, 297. Mission of Jay, 298. His

treaty, 299. Opposition - Ratification - Continued opposition, 300. The

point gained, 301. Continued embarrassments: From abroad, 302. And

at home, 303. Abuse of Washington, 304. His retirement- Lafayette,

305.

PART IV.

UNIO N.

1797-1872.

CHAPTER I.

PARTY ADMINISTRATIONS.

Parties in power- Missions to France, 309. Arming of the United

States-War, 310. Strain upon the nation, 311. Nullification, 312.

Another mission to France, 313. Mississippi Territory: Slavery under

debate Territory of Indiana: Slavery again, 314. Death of Washing-

ton-Fall of the federalists, 315. Acquisition of Louisiana, 316. Or-

ganization of Louisiana territories, 317. Other territorial and state

organizations - Burr's projects, 318. Difficulties with Great Britain

Affair of the Chesapeake, 319. The administration against war, 320.

Opposition Indian hostilities, 322. Louisiana and Florida - Warlike

preparations against Great Britain, 323.

CHAPTER II.

WAR WITH GREAT BRITAIN.

Declaration Cause of the United States, 325. War at home, 326.

Means for the war, 327. Position of Great Britain - The war Losses

on north-western frontier, 328. Perry's victory on Lake Erie-Opera-

tions on New York frontier, 329. On Niagara frontier, 331. Defence

of Lake Champlain - British superiority, 332. Successes at sea-Sub-

sequent reverses, 333. Losses upon the coast- Capture of Washington

and Alexandria, 334. Defence of Baltimore, 335. Indian foes

National straits, 336. Party controversies, 337. Hartford Convention

― Charges of disunion, 338. Proceedings of the Convention, 339. Re-

sults Nullification in Connecticut and Massachusetts, 340. Defence

of Louisiana, 341. Martial law at New Orleans, 342. Reappearance

of the navy ·
Peace preliminaries, 343. Treaty of Ghent, 344. Pro-

tection of foreigners - Indian treaty - Algerine treaty, 346. Exhaus-

tion - Independence, 347.

CHAPTER III.

MISSOURI COMPROMISE.

Recovery Administrations - Seminole war, 349.

Florida, 350. New states - Proposal of Missouri, 351.

Acquisition of

Intense agita-

tion - Question of slavery, 352. The compromise, 353. Different in-

terpretations Admission of Missouri, 354. Slave trade, 355.

CHAPTER IV.

THE MONROE DOCTRINE.

Independence of Central and South America The Monroe doctrine,

356. Authorship - Purpose Aid to Greece, 358.

359. Congress of Panama, 360.

CHAPTER V.

TARIFF COMPROMISE.

Lafayette's visit,

Nullification-In Georgia, 361. Tariffs, 362. Exposition and pro-

test of South Carolina-Jackson's first acts, 363. Webster's defence

of the nation

threatens to secede

Bad temper, 364. South Carolina nullifies, 365. And

Resolution of government, 366. Resolution of

states, 367. Tariff compromise-The president's regret, 368.

CHAPTER VI.

ANTI-SLAVERY.

Calhoun's basis-Two periods in the anti-slavery movement, 369.

Southampton massacre - Lundy and Garrison, 370. American Anti-

Slavery Society, 371. Reaction among the people - In the government,

372. Murder of Lovejoy, 373. Violence of abolitionists Massachu-

setts missions, 374. Necessity of anti-slavery, 375.

CHAPTER VII.

ANNEXATION OF TEXAS.

United States Bank - Finances, 376. State insolvency - Civil war

in Rhode Island, 377. New states and territories-Indian wars-For-

eign relations: France, 378. Great Britain, 379. Treaty of Washington,

380. Republic of Texas, 381. Project of annexation-Revived, 382.

Effected, 383.

CHAPTER VIII.

WAR WITH MEXICO.

Causes Hostilities, 385. Oregon controversy, 386. Conquest of

north-east of Mexico, 387. Conquest of Chihuahua-New Mexico-

California, 388. Operations in Gulf of Mexico - March upon city of

Mexico, 390. Battles on the way - In valley of Mexico, 391. Wilmot

proviso, 392. Mexican proviso-Treaty, 393.

CHAPTER IX.

COMPROMISE OF 1850.

Old domain - New domain, 394. Freesoil party - Root's resolution
Convention of southern members of Congress, 395. California con-

stitution Clay's resolutions, 396. Compromise - Its adoption, 397.

Fugitive slave act-Last of the compromises, 398.

CHAPTER X.

KANSAS.

Ten years' struggle - Temporary success of compromise, 400. Repeal

of the Missouri compromise-Ostend manifesto, 401. Immigration to

Kansas - Elections, 402. Civil war, 403. Assault upon Senator Sum-

ner-Election of 1856, 404. Dred Scott case- Personal liberty laws,

405. Commercial crisis - Mormons - Montgomery Convention, 406.

Lincoln's and Seward's predictions — John Brown's raids, 407. New

states, 408.

CHAPTER XI.

SECESSION.

Lincoln elected president - South Carolina prepares to secede

Warning in Georgia, 409. President's message, 410. Crittenden com-

promise-Secession of South Carolina, 411. Anderson at Fort Sumter,

412. Star of the West, 413. Secession of other states - Peace conven-

tions, 414. Confederate government, 415. Lincoln on the way to

Washington, 416. Inauguration - Contrast, 417. Attempt at negotia-

tion Relief of Fort Sumter, 418.

CHAPTER XII.

CIVIL WAR.

FIRST PERIOD: April, 1861, to January, 1863. - Fall of Fort Sumter,

420. Uprising, 421. More secession-Rebellion or war, 423. Two

periods of the war-Lyon's defence of Missouri, 424. West Virginia

for the Union, 425. East Tennessee Extreme measures, 426. Con-

gress and the president's message, 427. Bull Run, 428. Carolina and

Georgia coast-The Trent, 430. Military preparations, 432. Cam-

paigns in the west-Recovery of New Orleans, 433. Fort Pulaski -

Roanoke, Newbern, and Fort Macon Merrimac and Monitor, 434.

Peninsular campaign, 436. Northern Virginia - Defence of Maryland,

437. Defence of Cincinnati, 438. Reverses - Emancipation, 439. Effect

of the proclamation, 442.

CHAPTER XIII.

CIVIL WAR, CONTINUED.

SECOND PERIOD: January, 1863, to April, 1865. Finances, 444.

Vicksburg, 445. Port Hudson Chancellorsville, 447. Gettysburg,

448. Attempt on Indiana and Ohio - Draft, 450. Fort Sumter, 451.

Colored troops, 452. Great Britain and confederate cruisers, 453.

Chattanooga, 454. Grant lieutenant-general, 455. Red River - France

and Mexico, 456. Virginia, 457. Georgia, 459. Kearsarge and Ala-

bama-Mobile Bay, 461. Re-election of Lincoln - Thirteenth Amend-

ment, 462.
Slaves enlisted by the confederates - Fort Fisher, 463.

Sherman in the Carolinas, 464. Grant's victory over Lee, 465. Assas-

sination of the president Close of the war, 466. Prisoners, 467.

Sanitary and Christian commissions, 468. Cost of the war, 469.