...constitution, who wrote the Federalist. In the 44th number of that work (p. 281), it is said, that " bills of attainder, ex post facto laws, and laws impairing...state constitutions, and all of them are prohibited by [*„„_ the spirit and scope of these fundamental charters. Our own experi- L ence has taught us,...

...the states, on the same principle with that of issuing a paper currency. Dills of attainder, ex poat facto laws, and laws impairing the obligation of contracts,...prefixed to some of the state constitutions, and all of thcm are prohibited by the spirit and scope of these fundamental charters. Our own experience has taught...

...regular course to the business of society." I cannot understand this language otherwise than as putting bills of attainder, ex post facto laws, and laws impairing the obligation of contracts, all upon the same footing, and deprecating them all for the same cause. The language shows, clearly,...

...writer has made no attempt at giving a distinct exposition of the phrase, as used in the constitution.- Bills of attainder, ex post facto laws, and laws impairing the obligation of contracts, are all considered together ; and regarded, as they really are, as forming together " a bulwark, in favour...

...and force by one of the distinguished persons who framed that instrument. " Bills of attainder, er post facto laws, and laws impairing the obligation...of them are prohibited by the spirit and scope of 131 . these fundamental charters. Our own experience has taught us, nevertheless, that additional fences...

...exhibited with great clearness and force by one of the distinguished persons who framed that instrument. " Bills of attainder, ex post facto laws, and laws impairing...of sound legislation. The two former, are expressly prohihited by the declarations prefixed to some of the state constitutions, and all of them are prohibited...

...exclusively, to bills of attainder. The next class of prohibitions contained in this section, consists of bills of attainder, ex post facto laws, and laws impairing the obligation of contracts. But if it were deemed wise and proper to prohibit State legislation as to retrospective laws, which...

...in effect to expunge that distinct and independent prohibition t(rem the Constitution. '5. . ' 771. Bills of Attainder, ex post facto Laws, and Laws impairing...are con.trary to the first principles of the, social Contract, and to every principle of sound legislation : the two former are also expressly prohibited...

...a voluntary sacrifice on the altar of justice of the power, which has been the instrument of it."8 "Laws impairing the obligation of contracts are contrary...compact, and to every principle of sound legislation." 4 And the Federalist dwells on the suggestion, that as such laws amount to an aggression on the rights...

...distinct and independent prohibition from the Constitution. 771. Bills of Attainder, ex post faclo Laws, and Laws impairing the obligation of Contracts,...are contrary to the first principles of the social Contract, and to ' every principle of sound legislation : the two former are also expressly prohibited...