the Pasha of Egypt; suggesting at the same time that his arms might be successfully employed against the unbelieving pagans who inhabit the neighbouring mountains. This hint coincided but too closely with the main object of the general, which was to capture the natives and send them to the lower provinces as slaves, or to find employment for them in the gold mines, said to abound in their rocky frontier. An attack on the defenceless Caffres soon followed, attended with very revolting circumstances. About seventy prisoners, chiefly women, crowned the first attempt of the Turks against that simple race, who were entirely ignorant of the use of fire-arms.

Advancing to Kilgou, a village situated on a hill, Ishmael gave orders to attack it with such impetuosity as would preclude either escape or defence. His instructions were executed with the utmost promptitude; the rocks were scaled, and a great number of the inhabitants found themselves in the grasp of an enemy whom they had not only not provoked, but whose approach they had not anticipated. The resistance, however, did honour to their courage and ingenuity. They retreated to their fastnesses on the higher grounds; and the soldiers, when they attempted to follow them, saw their ranks thinned by huge masses of stone rolled down the sides of the mountains, or by spears which were handled with great dexterity. The pasha himself, who advanced at the head of a party of Mamlouks, made a very narrow escape from the darts of the mountaineers. A colonel of Albanians was pierced with many wounds and left on the field. Still the issue of the combat was unfavourable to the bold

barbarians. Their missile weapons were exhausted, and the bravest of their number slain; in which circumstances they were compelled to place their whole confidence in flight toward precipices, where their assailants could not pursue them except by musketshot. Ishmael sustained a loss of forty wounded and twelve killed; but he considered himself amply indemnified by the capture of five hundred and seventy-two prisoners, as also by the intelligence that a hundred and eighty of his opponents had fallen.

The inhabitants of this district, whom M. Cailliaud describes as negroes, have curled hair, thick lips, and projecting cheekbones; but few of them showed flat noses, while many had even fine features. Among all who were brought into the camp he did not discover one that could speak Arabic. We may add that Kilgou is in lat. 11° 33′ 35′′ north, and long. 33° 56′ east.

The two great objects of gold and slaves, which had animated the zeal of Ishmael throughout the whole of this expedition, induced him to extend his march from the village just named towards the mountains of Tâby and Gassi, where he expected to make a large addition to his human booty. His disappointment may therefore be conceived, when he found that the inhabitants of the numerous hamlets which were scattered along its declivities, were prepared not only to meet his soldiers among the ravines and precipices, but also to attack his camp in the night. Unwilling to protract a war, where his loss would probably have exceeded any advantage he might gain, he gave orders to strike his camp and march upon Fazoglo, the ruler of which had already proffered his friendship and allegiance.