P. asterias ranges all over the Atlantic States and the valley of the Mississippi.

(18) Papilio troilus, Linnæus, Plate XLI, Fig. 5, 8; Plate II, Figs. 18, 19, 22, larva; Plate VI, Figs. 5-7, chrysalis (The Spice-bush Swallowtail).

Butterfly.-The upper side of the male is accurately depicted in the plate. The female has less bluish-green on the upper side of the hind wings. Expanse, 3.75-4.25 inches.

Early Stages.-The caterpillar lives upon the leaves of the common spicewood and sassafras, and draws the edges of a leaf together, thus forming a nest in which it lies hidden.

The insect is found throughout the Atlantic States and in the Mississippi Valley.

(19) Papilio palamedes, Drury, Plate XLII, Fig. 1, 9 (Palamedes).

Butterfly. The upper side of the wings is very accurately depicted in the figure just cited. On the under side the predominant tint is bright yellow. Expanse, 3.50-4.25 inches.

Early Stages. These are described by Scudder in the third volume of his work on "The Butterflies of New England." The caterpillar feeds on Magnolia glauca, and on plants belonging to the order Lauracea.

The insect ranges from southern Virginia, near the coast, to the extreme southern end of Florida, and westward to southern Missouri and eastern Texas.

(20) Papilio philenor, Linnæus, Plate XLII, Fig. 2, 8; Plate II, Figs. 13, 20, 21, larva; Plate VI, Figs. 14, 17, 20, chrysalis (The Pipe-vine Swallowtail).

Butterfly.—The figures in the plates obviate the necessity for describing this familiar but most beautiful insect, the glossy blue-green of which flashes all summer long in the sunlight about the verandas over which the Aristolochia spreads the shade of its great cordate leaves. Expanse, 3.75-4.25 inches.

Early Stages.-The caterpillar feeds upon the leaves of Aristolochia sipho (the Dutchman's-pipe) and Aristolochia serpentaria, which abound in the forest lands of the Appalachian region.

Philenor is always abundant during the summer months in the Middle Atlantic States, and ranges from Massachusetts to Arizona, into southern California and southward into Mexico. It is double-brooded in western Pennsylvania, and the writer

has found females ovipositing as late as October. The caterpillars are familiar objects about houses on which the Aristolochia is grown as an ornamental vine.

(21) Papilio polydamas, Linnæus, Plate XLI, Fig. 4, 8 (Polydamas).

Butterfly. Easily distinguished by the absence of tails on the hind margin of the secondaries. The butterfly recalls the preceding species by the color of the wings on the upper side. On the under side the fore wings are marked as on the upper side; the hind wings have a marginal row of large red spots. Expanse, 3.00-3.50 inches.

Early Stages.-The caterpillar is dark brown, and in many points resembles that of P. philenor in outline, but the segments are spotted with ocellate yellow and red spots. It feeds on various species of Aristolochia. The chrysalis resembles that of P. philenor.

This lovely insect represents in the United States a great group of butterflies closely allied to it, which are natives of the tropics of the New World. It occurs in southern Florida and Texas, and thence ranges southward over Cuba, Mexico, and Central America.

THE CATERPILLAR AND THE ANT

A pensy Ant, right trig and clean,
Came ae day whidding o'er the green,
Where, to advance her pride, she saw
A Caterpillar, moving slaw.

'Good ev'n t' ye, Mistress Ant,' said he;

'How 's a' at hame? I'm blyth to s' ye.'

The saucy Ant view'd him wi' scorn,

Nor wad civilities return;

But gecking up her head, quoth she,

'Poor animal! I pity thee;

Wha scarce can claim to be a creature,

But some experiment o' Nature,
Whase silly shape displeased her eye,
And thus unfinish'd was flung bye.
For me, I'm made wi' better grace,
Wi' active limbs and lively face;
And cleverly can move wi' ease
Frae place to place where'er I please;

EXPLANATION OF PLATE XLII