References:

Farmers Bulletins.

No. 142-Principles of Nutrition and Nutritive Value of Food.

No. 375-Care of Food in the Home.

No. 391-Economical Use of Meats.

No. 256-Preparation of Vegetables for Table.

No. 34-Meats, Composition and Cooking.

No. 128-Eggs and Their Uses as Food.

No. 363-Uses of Milk as Food.

No. 63-Care of Milk on the Farm.

No. 121-Beans, Peas and Other Legumes as Food.

No. 295-Potatoes and Other Root Crops as Food.

No. 2-3-Canned Fruit, Preserves and Jellies.

No. 389-Bread and Bread-Making.

Elements of the Theory and Practice of Cookery-Fisher and Williams.

Reference: A Sewing Course, Woolman; Government Bulletins on

Flax, Cotton, Wool; Chamberlain's How We Are

Clothed.

MEANS

The Teacher: The best results are only obtainable in this grade with a separate room or rooms, specially equipped, and a well-educated and well-trained teacher. The age of the pupil gives him a capacity for a rather high grade of performance. The processes and the problems must be worthy of and command his highest efforts. The teacher is the all-important requirement. The amount and variety of the equipment, the character of the work planned and carried out, its relations to the other school work and its vitality for the pupils and the communities' needs are all dependent upon the teacher. Such a teacher plans the course to meet the educational, financial and social conditions of the community in which he or she works. A good salary is necessary. If the number of pupils to receive instruction is not sufficient to occupy the full time of such a teacher, he or she may teach part time in the regular school work, or two or more adjacent districts may employ the same special teacher for part time in each school.

THE EQUIPMENT

References: Economics of Manual Training, by Louis Rouillion, Manual Arts Press, Peoria, Ill., $1.50; Teachers' College Record, May, 1909, Columbia University, New York, 30 cents.

Sewing: The sewing course does not require a special teacher, nor a special equipment or room. It is usually taught in the regular classroom by the class teacher to the girls when the boys are away at bench work.

In many of the larger towns of the country the sewing is taught by the cooking or a special teacher. This is desirable, resulting in more and much better work being done. It is, of course, correspondingly more expensive.

Cookery and Bench Work: The cookery and bench work courses require special equipments and should be used in specially fitted rooms. Where the school is small and another room cannot be had, an equipment to be used in the classroom is given for a course in cookery. (See Appendix and figures Nos. 1, 2, 3 and 4). Such an arrangement for bench work is not feasible, as the school desk is too low for the use of carpenter's tools. It is possible in such an emergency to have a few benches in one side of the room. The equipment lists that follow are arranged for units of 6; a class usually numbers about 24.

Combination Centers: Another arrangement economical of the pupil's time and of room space, and also in first cost, where the classes are the usual size, is a combination center. The equipment in this arrangement is so arranged that the same room and the benches are used by the boys and girls at different times. (See Figures Nos. 5, 6, 7 and 8).

The floor plan given (Figure No. 8) shows the arrangement of such Gas or oil stoves may be used between the benches. When the lessons in serving are given the dining table is set in the open space

a room.