Prior to adoption of constitution of 1875 the legislature alone could determine, alter, or abrogate limits of a city. (Copeland vs St. Joseph, 126 Mo. 417, 1. c. 431; St. Louis vs Russell, 9 Mo. 507; McCormick vs Railway Co., 20 Mo. App. 640 and cases there cited.)

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Under the constitution of 1875 and by authority of Section 6399 Rev. Stat. 1899, Sec. 9743, R. S. 1909, Kansas City may extend its limits and, upon the conditions stated in the statute, may include any other municipality within its limits, but in so doing, by operation of law, becomes liable for all debts and liabilities of such municipality. (Kansas City vs Stegmiller, 151 Mo. 189.)

Extension of limits is a change in city's charter and must be made in manner provided by law for amending charter. (City of Westport vs Kansas City, 103 Mo. 141; Copeland vs St. Joseph, 126 Mo. 417.)

Extension that exempts property from taxation or provides for unequal taxation is invalid. (State ex rel. vs Wardell, 153 Mo. 319; Copeland vs St. Joseph, 126 Mo. 417.)

Lands brought into city by extension of its boundaries are not subject to a tax levy already made. (Westport ex rel. vs McGee, 128 Mo. 152.)

Reasonableness of extension open to judicial inquiry. (Copeland vs St. Joseph, 126 Mo. 417; Kelly vs Meeks, 87 Mo. 396; Plattsburg vs Riley, 42 Mo. App. 18). But only in state not in federal courts. (Forsythe vs Howell, 166 U. S. 506.)

Obligation of contract can not be impaired by alteration of boundaries. (Graham vs Folsom, 200 U. S. 248.) Collateral attack on extension for unreasonableness. (State ex rel. vs Birch, 186 Mo. 205.)

Extension of limits does not extend lines of school district. (State ex inf. vs Henderson, 145 Mo. 329.)

School district may extend its own boundary lines. (R. S. 1899, Chapter 154, Article 5, R. S. 1909, Chap. 106, Art. V.)

Residents of annexed territory may vote and are eligible to office at next general city election. (R. S. 1899, Sec. 6400, R. S. 1909, Sec. 9744.)

Sec. 5. New Territory-New Wards.-Whenever, by extension of its territorial limits, as aforesaid, new territory is annexed to the city, the Common Council shall, by ordinance, and subject to the limitations of the next succeeding section, organize the same into a new ward or wards, or attach the same to some existing ward or wards, long enough before the next ensuing general city election to enable electors in such annexed territory to register, and all other proper steps be taken according to law, so that the electors of such annexed territory may have full opportunity to register and vote at such election. Actual residents of any territory at the time of the annexation thereof as aforesaid, shall, if otherwise qualified, be qualified electors of the city and be eligible to any office therein. at the next general city election following such annexation. (R. S. 1899, Sec. 6400; R. S. 1909, Sec. 9744.)

Sec. 6. Council Shall Redistrict City Into Wards Once in Every Five Years-No More Than Sixteen Wards, Until, When. -Whenever the corporate limits of the city shall be so extended, and whenever and as often as the population of the city, or any ward or wards thereof, have been, or may be so increased or diminished as to render necessary, in the opinion of the Common Council, a redivision or redistricting of the corporation into wards, or a change

in the boundary of any ward or wards, the same may be done by ordinance, and the Common Council shall, at least once in every five years after the adoption of this charter, redistrict the city into wards, and establish ward limits, which shall as nearly as practicable equalize the population in each ward; Provided, however, That the territory within the city limits shall never, at any time, be so divided as to consist of more than sixteen wards, until the city shall have attained a population of more than four hundred thousand; and thereafter, and as often as fifty thousand inhabitants shall be added to said city, the number of said wards may be increased by not more than two to each fifty thousand of increased population.

(R. S. 1899, Secs. 6401, 6402, 6403, 6404, 6405, 6406, and 6407, R. S. 1909, Secs. 9745, 9746, 9747, 9748, 9749, 9750, 9751.)

Sec. 7. Proceedings on Extension of Limits, or Changes in Wards. Upon the introduction of any ordinance either for extending the limits of the city, or for making any change or changes in the wards of the city, into either house of the Common Council, the Common Council shall, before the passage thereof, by resolution, require the City Clerk to publish a copy of the ordinance in at least one daily newspaper published in the city, to be designated in the resolution, for at least three weeks within the four weeks next after the passage of such resolution. After such publication proof thereof shall be made and filed with the City Clerk, and if the house into which said ordinance may have been introduced shall be satisfied that such publication has been made, it shall by a vote so find, and the clerk shall make a record of such finding in the book or record of the current proceedings of that house, which record shall be conclusive evidence of the truth of the facts so found. Should said ordinance be amended in either house after such publication, then the ordinance as amended shall be again published for the same. time and proceeded with in all respects as in the case of the original ordinance. If such ordinance is passed by the Common Council at the first or second regular meeting after such last publication and finding, and not later, and duly approved by the Mayor, the proceeding to extend such limits shall be completed in the manner herein provided, unless such ordinance be repealed or altered. Before such proposed amendment to the charter shall be of any force and effect, it shall be submitted to and accepted by three-fifths of the qualified voters of Kansas City at a general or special election provided by ordinance for such purpose. The city shall have power to call and hold a special election for such purpose at such time and in such manner as may be provided by ordinance and the Constitution

and laws of the State. The votes cast at such election shall be canvassed, the result ascertained and declared in such manner as may be provided by ordinance and the laws of the State, and if the proposed amendment to the charter be accepted and approved, the same shall thereafter be in full force and effect.

(R. S. 1899, Sec. 6402; R. S. 1909, Sec. 9746.)

Sec. 8. Redistricting or Changing Wards, Not to Prevent Any Elector From Voting or Being Eligible to Office.-In case of a redistricting or division of the city into wards, creation of any new ward or wards, or change of boundary of any ward or wards, every qualified elector residing in any ward at any general city election next thereafter, duly registered, shall be a qualified voter of such ward, and nothing in this charter contained shall be so construed as to prevent any elector from voting or being eligible to any office by reason merely of such redistricting or division, or creation of any new ward or wards, or change in the boundary of any ward or wards.

(R. S. 1899, Sec. 6403; R. S. 1909, Sec. 9747.)

Sec. 9. Extension of Territory, or Changing of Wards, Limited as to Time.-Territory shall not be annexed to the city within four months next preceding any general city election, nor shall there by a redistricting of the city into wards, or change of boundary of any ward or wards, or creation of any new ward or wards, within two months next preceding any general city election.

(R. S. 1899, Sec. 6404; R. S. 1909, Sec. 9748.)

Sec. 10. New Wards-Territory and Inhabitants of.-All wards which may be established by ordinance as aforesaid shall be composed of adjacent and compact territory, and the several wards, at the time of redistricting, shall contain as nearly an equal number of inhabitants as may be practicable. The wards shall be numbered consecutively from one up to the highest number thus established. (R. S. 1899, Sec. 6405; R. S. 1909, Sec. 9750.)

Sec. 11. New Wards-Aldermen.-Whenever any change in the number of wards, or alteration in the boundaries of any ward, shall be made, or new wards shall be established, there shall be no election or appointment of any member of either house of the Common Council on account thereof until the next general city election. (R. S. 1899. Sec. 6406; R. S. 1909, Sec. 9751.)

Sec. 12. Changing of Wards, or Limits, Not to Limit Term of Office of Aldermen.-Nothing in this article contained shall be

construed to limit or abridge the term of office which any member of the Common Council of the city shall be elected to fill, and every member of the lower house shall be deemed and taken for the residue of the term for which he may have been elected a member for that ward in which his actual residence and place of abode may be at the time of any division of the city into wards, the creation of any new ward or wards, or changing the boundaries of any ward or wards. (R. S. 1899, Sec. 6407; R. S. 1909, Sec. 9751.)

Section 1. Common Council-Two Houses-Qualification of Members.-There is hereby established in the city a Common Council which shall consist of two houses of legislation, one to be called the Upper, and the other the Lower House. The Upper House shall consist at all times of as many members as there are wards in the city, who shall be elected on a general ticket by the qualified voters of the city. The Lower House shall consist of one member from each ward of the city. The members of both Houses shall be citizens of the United States, and of the State of Missouri, and qualified voters of the city; shall have paid city and county taxes for two years next before the day of their election, and shall, before the day of election, have attained the age of twenty-five years, and shall, at same date, have resided for three years in the territory embraced within the city limits.