fourteen more were chartered, viz.: eight in Ohio, three in Kentucky, two in Indiana, and one in Missouri-aggregate capital, $1,800,000. In 1837, twenty-two more were chartered, viz.: two in Ohio, seven in Indiana, and thirteen in Missouri-aggregate capital, $4,000,000.

The foregoing enumeration, however, embraces only the offices chartered in the four western states of Ohio, Kentucky, Indiana, and Missouri. No office was established in Tennessee, Illinois, western Pennsylvania, or western Virginia, until 1832, since which, fifteen or twenty companies have been established in these states, with an aggregate estimated capital, $1,500,000. Mississippi and Louisiana have been omitted in the foregoing calculation, as our statistics do not furnish adequate data for the occasion, but we estimate the amount of capital in these two states at, perhaps, $300,000. Thus, we perceive, that in 1826, twelve years since, there was no local insurance office in the western states, north of Natchez, except the Equitable Fire Insurance Company at Cincinnati; that in 1833, seven years after, there were only twelve, with an aggregate capital of $1,800,000; but that in the four succeeding years, to the spring of 1838, the number was increased to considerably more than one hundred, the whole wielding, in the aggregate, the immense capital of $15,000,000.

STATISTICS OF NAVIGATION.

STEAM NAVIGATION.

Mr. William C. Redfield, of New York, has furnished for publication the following statements relative to steamboat accidents:

The number of miles navigated by steam vessels connected with the port of New York, in five years ending 31st December, 1824, was about 2,827,750, with an aggregate of 4,796,000 passengers; of whom 38, or one in 126,211, lost their lives. Twelve accidents occurred.

During the five years ending at the close of 1833, the estimated number of miles run was 4,216,200, with an aggregate of 9,419,700 passengers. Number of accidents, 5. Lives lost, 62; or one in 151,931.

During the five years ending 31st December, 1838, the estimated number of miles run was 5,467,450; aggregate number of passengers, 15,886,300; number of accidents, 2; lives lost, 8; or one in 1,985,787.

The average number of miles to each explosion the first of the above periods was 235,646; in the second, 843,240; in the third, 2,733,725.

The estimated average pressure of steam used during the first period, was 7 inches; second period, 14 inches; third period, 18 inches.

It appears from the average results of this table, says Mr. Redfield, that during even the first period of five years after the navigation was thrown open to public competition, the ratio of steam accidents was only equal to one, for more than 20,000 trips or passages; and that the average loss of life was only equal to one, for more than 126,000 passengers exposed. Thus, at the fair outset of this noble enterprise, a degree of safety was attained for the passengers, such as may well challenge comparison with any artificial means of transit or locomotion that have ever been resorted to by the human

race.

FRENCH STEAM NAVIGATION.

The Courier Français states, that the example of the merchants of Marseilles in subscribing for shares towards the raising of Trans-Atlantic Steam Navigation Companies, has been followed at Nantes, Bordeaux, and Havre. At Bordeaux, it adds, the subscriptions amount to 3,000,000 francs, and at Havre, to 4,175,000 francs. To this we may add, that the chamber of commerce of Bordeaux has summoned a meeting of the merchants of that city, to deliberate on the best means of establishing the line of communica

tion in question, and a committee of five gentlemen has been named in consequence. The commissioners of the subscribers to the Marseilles company are instructed, says the "Temps," to request Admiral Baudin to lend his experience and influence towards the prompt accomplishment of their object.

The Minister of the Marine has ordered to be built, at L'Orient, a steam ship to carry engines of 450 horse-power. It is to be called the Cuvier, after the celebrated naturalist, and will be the largest in the French service. Its length will be greater than a threedecker, and it will be sufficiently capacious to carry 1,200 troops.

LIGHT-HOUse at the pENINSULA OF JUTLAND.

The Department of State at Washington has received notice from the Danish government of the erection of a new light-house cn the easternmost point of the peninsula of Jutland, called Fornas, or Foreness, of which the following particulars are communicated, for the benefit of our navigators:

A new light-house has been erected on the easternmost point of Jutland, called Fornas, or Foreness, projecting into the Kattegat passage, situated five eighths of a Danish mile northeast half east from the entrance of the harbor of Grenade, 7 miles west southwest half west from the light-house of Arholt, and 74 miles northwest and a quarter north from the Island of Hesselder. The light is placed on a quadrangular tower, at the height of 67 Danish feet above the sea, and may be seen at the distance of three and a quarter miles by a person standing ten feet above the sea. The light is given by six lamps, which revolve every three minutes, in such a manner, that the spectator sees every half minute a bright light, which lasts about six seconds, and is invisible for twenty-six seconds following.

MISCELLANEOUS STATISTICS.

TABLE of REVENUE, EXPENDITURE, AND PUBLIC DEBT OF FRANCE.

373,923,909 Chamber of Deputies.

600,000

Registration, Stamps, Domains 193,225,000 Legion of Honor..

3,302,417

Felling of Timber.

24,000,000 Pensions..

58,389,654

Customs...

.154,300,000 Ministry of Justice.

19,469,700

Excise on liquors, tobacco, &c.. 171,000,000 Foreign Affairs...

7,502,000

Post Office....

34,290,000 Religion..

34,804,600

Lotteries.

8,000,000 Public Instruction.

2,575,000

Gaming Houses..

5,500,000 Ministry of the Interior...

3,380,000

Fines....

Sundry Proceeds..

3,300,000 Commerce and Public Works 11,047,482 War.

123,500,000

307,434,000

Extraordinary Resources.

Finances

22,787,500

Balance of 1831....131,467,267

Administration and Collection

CANALS OF NEW YORK.

Statement of the amount of Tolls received on the several Canals of this State, in each year, from the 1st day of January, 1820, to the 1st day of January, 1840. Compiled from the Annual Report of the Canal Com

EXTENT OF THE FISHING INTEREST IN MASSACHUSETTS.

The statement which follows is compiled from the statistical tables published by order of the Legislature of Massachusetts, and indicates the extent of the fishing interest of the commonwealth, for the year ending 1st day of April, 1837. The whale fishery is not included in this account.

Vessels employed in the cod and mackerel fishery.

Tonnage of same....

Number of quintals of codfish caught.

Value of same....

Number of barrels of mackerel caught.

Value of same.....

Number of bushels of salt used in cod and mackerel fishery.

1,290 76,089 510,554

.$1,569,517

234,059

.$1,639,042

837,141

11,146

.$2,683,176

SILK MANUFACTURE IN FRANCE.

According to a recent statistical statement, there are in France 84,648 looms, producing annually a value in silks of f211,540,000, (or $40.000,000.) These looms give occupation to 169,280 workmen, and employ f139,623,330 of silk, ($26,118,000.) The price of work is 70,926,670, ($13,300,000)-or about 1300, ($56 25) for each workman. The profit and interest of the capital employed is f21,000,000.

The manufactures of Lyons alone occupy 40,000 looms, and employ 80,000 workmen. They produce 100 millions of francs, (near $20,000,000.) The home consumption of France in silks is 73 millions of francs, (14,000,000,) and the exportation is f138,550,000, ($26,000,000.)

MERCANTILE MISCELLANIES.

Foreign Importations.—In evidence of the points assumed in the paper on Domestic Industry, (in the present number,) we give, in a separate form, a more minute specification of the articles of foreign importation. That this specification is accurate, may be ascertained from the annual documents which are issued from the office of the secretary of the treasury. From these it may be learned how small a portion of our importations are actually necessary, from the more improved state of the arts abroad, and the cheapness of labor, and how large a portion we might with advantage have produced ourselves, thus avoiding the drain upon our capital, and the influence of that power which is holding down the gigantic energies of our country, like Prometheus chained to the rock.

We import burr stones and sulphur; antimony and clay; rags and bark of the cork tree; undressed furs, raw hides, and skins; plaster of Paris and barilla; dye-wood, mahogany, and animals for breeding; pewter and tin; brass and copper; gold and silver bullion; coffee and teas from India and China; cocoa, almonds, currants, and prunes; figs, raisins; mace, and other spices; nutmegs, cloves, cinnamon, and pepper; pimento, cassia, ginger, and camphor; silks and worsted; lace veils, shawls, and shades, and other manufactures of silks and worsted; camlets of goats' hair and camels' hair; cashmere of Thibet and worsted stuff goods; linens, bleached and unbleached; ticklenburgs, osnaburgs, and burlaps; brown and white sheetings, bolting cloths, and wool; quicksilver and opium; crude saltpetre; cloths, and cashmere, merino shawls of wool, and blankets; woollen hosiery, gloves, mitts, and bindings; woollen and worsted yarn; cotton, white, dyed, printed, and colored; cotton hosiery, gloves, mitts, and bindings, twist, yarn and thread; nankeen, silk piece goods, and sewing silk, from India and from other places; thread and cotton lace; linens, dyed, colored, and checked, and other manufactures of flax; sail duck, and other manufactures of hemp; leghorn straw and chip hats; grass flats and braids; hats of wool, leather, and fur; side-arms, fire-arms, drawing knives, cutting knives, hatchets, axes and adzes; socket chisels, steelyards, and scales; beams and vices; sickles, scythes, spades, and shovels; squares of iron, and wood screws; manufactures of copper and brass, tin, pewter, and lead; cabinet ware, leather, marble, gold, and silver; precious stones, set or otherwise; watches, glass ware, china, and porcelain; earthen and stone ware; saddlery; plated, gilt, japanned, and trimmed coach and harness furniture; carriages; slates, quills, black lead pencils; paper hangings, hair cloth, and hair seating; brushes, copper bottoms cut round, silver and plated ware; raw silk, indigo, and unmanufactured wool; flannels, bocking, and baizes; Brussels, Wilton, and ingrain carpets; floor cloths, furniture, oil cloths, and cotton bagging; Madeira wine, red and other wines of France and Sicily, red sherry of Spain, Austria, Germany, and the Mediterranean; wines from other countries, and foreign distilled spirits; molasses, vinegar, beer, ale, porter; spermaceti and other oil from foreign fisheries; olive oil, castor, linseed, hemp seed, and rape seed; teas from other places than India or China; chocolate; white, brown, and clayed sugar; loaf sugar, sugar candy, other refined sugar, syrup of sugar cane; cayenne pepper; tallow, wax, and spermaceti candles; cheese and soap; tallow, lard, beef, pork, and bacon; butter; saltpetre, and salts; oil of vitriol; snuff, cigars, and other manufactures of tobacco; cotton, gunpowder, bristles, glue, dry ochre, ochre in oil, white and red lead; whiting and Paris white; litharge, sugar of lead, lead in pigs, bars, and

sheet; shot; leaden pipes and old lead; cordage, (tarred,) and cables, (untarred,) and yarn, twine, (pack and thread ;) corks; copper rods, and bolts; nails and spikes; muskets and rifles; iron and steel ware; tacks, brads, and sprigs; nails, spikes, iron cables, and chains; mill cranks, mill saws, anchors, and anvils; blacksmiths' hammers and sledges; iron castings, round iron or braziers' rods; nail or spike rods; sheet iron, hoop iron, casement rods, slit or hammered iron, iron in pigs, bar iron, old iron, steel, hemp, alum, copperas, wheat flour, salt, coal, wheat, and oats; potatoes; paper, (folio and quarto post, cap, drawing, writing, printing, copperplate, stationers', and sheathing, binders' wrapping, or box boards ;) books; apothecaries' vials and bottles; perfumery, and fancy vials and bottles; demijohns, glass bottles, and window glass; fish, playing cards, boots and bootees, silk shoes, prunella, nankeen, leather, morocco, and kid shoes; felt hat bodies, wholly or partly of wool.

COMMERCIAL RELATIONS WITH FOREIGN COUNTRIES.

A report has been published from the Department of State of the United States, in obedience to a resolution adopted by the senate at the last session of congress, showing the nature and extent of the privileges and restrictions of the commercial intercourse of the United States with foreign nations. The Baltimore American furnishes a brief but correct analysis of the secretary's report, from which it appears, that in 1815, congress enacted a law repealing all discriminating duties upon foreign vessels and cargoes, to take effect in favor of any foreign nations, "whenever the president shall be satisfied that the discriminating or countervailing duties of such foreign nation, so far as they operate to the disadvantage of the United States, have been abolished." Twelve nations, viz.: Austria, Brazil, Central America, Denmark, Ecuador, Greece, the Hanseatic cities, Prussia, Russia, Sardinia, Sweden, and Venezuela, have met the proposition in a spirit of liberality. In the ports of all these countries, American vessels, with their cargoes, whether the produce of the United States or not, are admitted on the same terms as the vessels of those countries respectively. If outward bound, they are entitled to the same drawback or bounties on goods exported, as domestic vessels are.

With Great Britain, France, the Netherlands, Mexico, and Texas, our commercial relations are of a more restricted character. These nations severally confine the principle of equality to the direct trade. That is to say, Great Britain admits the vessels of the United States into her ports on payment of the same tonnage duties and charges as British vessels, with these conditions: First, that the vessel be built and owned in the United States, and navigated by a master and a crew three fourths of which are citizens of the United States; and second, that the goods composing the cargo be the produce of the United States, which in practice limits the import trade to the direct intercourse between one country and the other. The trade of the United States with the British Colonial possessions is regulated by treaty stipulations or by diplomatic arrangement. In all cases, however, some restrictions are observed, giving an advantage, in general trade, to British bottoms. The importation from the United States of all goods but those of their own produce is mostly prohibited.

France admits the vessels of the United States into her ports on payment of a discriminating duty of five francs,or ninety-four cents, per ton over and above that paid by French vessels. In the importation of articles, the produce of the United States, no difference is made between French and American vessels; but in reference to other articles, the discriminating duty prevails in favor of French bottoms.

In the Java trade, under the government of the Netherlands, the productions of the United States, and of other countries, are admitted at a duty of seven and four fifths per cent.