WHEN WERE TROUSERS FIRST WORN IN ENG- a communication from my father, an old Harrovian, LAND ? (5th S. xii. 365, 405, 434, 446, 514 ; 6th S. the substance of which may be said to form an i. 446, 505.)_J. C. is mistaken in his correction. appendix to the letters of Mr. FAIRFIELD and your In the London Gazette, for 1674, No. 934, an correspondent C. I frankly admit myself in error old pair of trowsers " is plainly printed.

as regards the Christian name of Greentree (not S. D. S.

Greentrees), which was undoubtedly Isaac. My MATTHEW Carey, PailadELPHIA, 1819 (6th S. father, who spent the years 1815, 1816, and 1817 i. 16, 84, 237). —The title of the book, as taken at Harrow, and whose

elder brother was a contemfrom the second edition, published in 1823, is :

porary of Byron, well remembers the following

lines : “Vindiciæ Hibernicae ; | or, | Ireland Vindicated : !

" There 'll be a time when these green trees shall fall, an Attempt to Develop and Expose a few of the Multi. farious | Errors and Misrepresentations respecting Ire.

And Isaac Greentree rise above them all,” land | in the Histories of May, Temple, Whitelock, which were roughly written in black paint on the Borlace, Rushworth, Clarendon, Cox, 1 Carte, Leland, back of the wooden frame that bore on its front Warner, Macaulay, Hume, and others : particularly in the name of Isaac Greentree, and the date of his the | Legendary Tales of the Pretended Con. I spiracy and Massacre of 1641. | By M. Carey, I Member of the birth and death. The Greentrees (of whom many American Philosophical Society and of the American had previously been buried in various parts of the Antiquarian Society, author of the Olive Branch, &c. churchyard) were well-to-do farmers in his time. Second Edition, enlarged and improved. ! Philadelphia, During my father's schooldays it was generally H. C. Carey & J. Lea, Chesnut Street, Oct. 20, 1823."

considered indisputable that Byron, with his own The dedication is so remarkable and so charac- hand, had inscribed the lines on the sepulchral teristic that it is, I think, worth giving entire :- frame, and from the same source I learn that the

“To those superior spirits who scorn the yoke of Fraud, first couplet quoted by C. did not exist in the years Imposture, Bigotry, and Delusion; who, at the sacred above named. It is perhaps difficult to arrive at shrine of Truth, will offer up their prejudices, how inveterate soever, when her bright torch illuminates their precision in these trivial matters, but I am sure, minds ; who, possessing the inestimable blessings of had they existed in 1817, that my father—then Thrice-Holy and Rovered Liberty, acquired by an arduous seventeen, and deeply inpregnated with the struggle against a mere incipient Despotism, will sym. Byronic legend-would have noted_them. It pathize with those who contended ardently, although should further be remarked thatin MR. FAIRFIELD'S unsuccessfully, against as grievous an oppression as ever statement the first couplet is not given, so we may pressed to the Earth a Noble and Generous Nation, which embarked in the same glorious cause as Leonidas, score two as against one on that point. But in Epaminondas, Brutus, the Prince of Orange, William regard to the notion that these lines had the effect Tell, Fayette, Hancock, Adams, Franklin, and Washing; of first waking in Byron's breast the poetic instinct ton, This work is Dedicated. It is likewise dedicated which he afterwards developed with such amazing to the Immortal Memory of the Desmonds, the O'Nials, the O'Donnels, the O'Moores, the Prestons, the Fitz: fertility, it may safely be said, whatever the origin geralds, the Sheareses, the Tones, the Emmetts, and the of the lines under consideration, that the following Myriads of Illustrious Irishmen, who sacrificed life or —which may still be seen within the churchfortune in the unsuccessful effort to Emancipate a Country formed a far deeper impression on his mind, for endowed by Heaven with as many and as choice Bles. the reason which he himself gives—namely, that sings as any part of the Terraqueous Globe, but, for Ages, he had generally his eyes fixed upon them :-a hopeless and helpless Victim to a Form of Government Transcendentally Pernicious."

“ When Sorrow weeps o'er Virtue's sacred dust This is followed by a list of about 400 sub

Our tears become us, and our grief is just. scribers. Both editions of Carey's book consist of

Such wore the tears she shed, who grateful pays

This last sad tribute of her pray'r and praise.' 506 pages, but the pages are fuller and the type is smaller in that of 1823, so that, as the author states

Byron's poetry was not the child of any sudden in the preface, it contains nearly twice as much fancy. He fell in love at eight, and wrote verses matter as the edition of 1819. Carey observes at twelve. But he did not go to Harrow until he

C. states that the that though he had for many years collected was thirteen years of age. materials for his book he would probably never

Greentree frame stood close to the 80-called have published it had it not been for the appearance Byron's tomb"; this I am assured is a mistake. of Godwin's terror-inspiring novel of Mandeville,

The framework rested under a row of limes, close "a tale based on Temple's miserable legends." to the south-east angle of Harrow church, whereas MR. Wuyts will find some useful information Byron's tomb (if I remember aright) stands close to about the author of the Vindicia and also his some elms on the western face of the churchyard. son in Allibone's very valuable Dictionary.

Thus the distance between the two graves must EDWARD SOLLY.

have been considerable. I think, under any cirSutton, Surrey.

cumstances, that the legend, undisputed in 1817,

may still retain its force; and I very much regret LORD BYRON AND Isaac GREENTRES (68 S. i. that 'twixt 1828 (when the framework was last 193, 240).-Since writing my note I have received seen) and 1868, when my father searched in vain

CLARRY.

66

for this interesting relic, no one evinced concern for find that I had once moro given too much for the its preservation.

RICHARD EDGCOMBE. whistle" (The Life of Benjamin Franklin, &c., edited Kew, Surrey.

by J. Bigelow, 3 vols., 1879, iii. 493).

Surely, when Franklin speaks of “the apples of -"PAMFRLET"_(6th S. i. 389, 441).-Looking King John” as things "not to be bought,” he must through Hone's Table Book, ed. (1841, for another allude to something more rare and more precious object, I came upon the following, at p. 730, pt. i. : than the fruit apple-john, suggested by Mr. Mar

amphlet.—This word is ancient, see Lilye's Euphues SHALL (54 S. xii. 418). The allusion having baffled P: 5; Lambarde's Perambulation of Kent, p. 188; Mr. Bigelow, the very able editor of Franklin's Hearne's Cur. Dis., p. 130; Hall's Chronicle, in Edward V., Life and Letters, it seems worth while to seek f. 2, Richard III., f. 32; Skelton, p. 47; Caxton's further for an explanation.

JAYDEE. preface to his Virgil, where it is written paunfl.this ; Oldys's British Librarian, p. 128; Nash, pp. 3, 64, and BUTTER AND EGGS (5th S. xii. 408 ; 6th S. i. 64, also his preface, wherein he has the phrase - to pamphlet 225).-How many versions are there of the anecor a person, and pampheleter, p. 30. The French bave not the word pamphlet, and yet it seems to be of French dote given by DR. BREWER ; aud of how many extraction, and no other than palm feuillet (sic), a leaf to be eminent divines is it told ? I have read it some held in the hand, a book being a thing of greater weight. half dozen times, but always attributed to a difSo the French call it now feuille volante, retaining one ferent person, and with a change of the expression part of the compound."

on which it turns. In one it was “bottles and

corks,” in another, "green lizards, snakes, and WELSH Motto (5th S. xii. 429, 453 ; 6th S. i. caterpillars." There is another anecdote, which has 186).-BOILEAU has given the right meaning of shared a similar fate-the Lancashire tale of the the inscription quoted, and, although I only pre- baby who was baptized Benjamin, and afterwards tend to a mere smattering of the Welsh language, discovered to be a girl. This, too, is told of a I confess I do not understand how any difficulty different Nonconformist minister nearly every time can have arisen in translating the motto. It may I see it related. I have heard it from my father be plainly construed thus, word for word : "Hury,” years before I ever saw it in print. He always told longer ; "peri,” lasts ; "clod," fame; "na," than; it of Dr. Rafiles, and, unless my memory errs

hoedl,” life. Two words in this sentence are greatly, I have understood him to say that Dr. worthy of note. It can hardly be doubted that Raffles himself was his authority for so doing. our word "laud," signifying praise, is derived from

HERMENTRUDE. clod, the cl being merely a sort of guttural l. If a Latin origin be asserted, I can only say that I

BOOKS POBLISHED BY SUBSCRIPTION (5th S. claim for the Welsh language greater antiquity Histoire des Quatre Dernières Campagnes du Mare

xii. 68, 117, 150, 198, 417 ; 6th S. i. 125).—I have than that of Latin. The other word alluded to is chal de Turenne (Paris, 1792), in which are the na, literally “nor," but used in Welsh following the comparative degree for “than.” We have the pames of seven hundred subscribers, including four same idiom in English amongst the vulgar in par

kings, fire hundred dukes, princes, princesses, ticular counties, e.g., "Bigger nor I," instead of counts, marquises, and viscounts, also twenty * Bigger than I."

M. H. R.

public libraries, and twenty other literary insti

tutions. I have also Penault's Architecture, 1708, In the two replies (ante, p. 186) there is the with about three hundred subscribers, mostly same erratun—"Llanyeil” for Llanycil, -c, not e. members of the aristocracy. WM. FREELOVE.

BOILEAU.

Bury St. Edmunds. “ TAE APPLES OF KING JOHN" (5th S. xii. 289, NAOGEORGUS'S “ SPIRITUALL HUSBANDRIE, 418; 6th S. i. 85).-As my query under this head- ENGLISHED BY BARNABE GOOge" (6th S. i. 38, ing has evoked no satisfactory reply, may I be 160).-MR. BLOXAM's copy has the right number permitted to repent it, and to add what perhaps of leaves, counting his fragments as leaves. In I ought to have added before, namely, the context, the Bodleian there are two (neither quite perfect) as it stands in Franklin's letter, which contains copies of the Popish Kingdom with the Spiritual? the well-known story of “The Whistle.” He Husbandrie following, and in both the completed says :

work ends on Bb üii,

fol. 88. I took the particulars "In short, I conceive that the greater part of the last year, in the hope of seeing before long a miseries of mankind are bronglt upon them by the false reprint of the Popish Kingdom, the whole of estimates they have made of the value of things, and by which these two examples would supply their giving too much for their whistles. Yet I ought to have charity for these unhappy people, when I con.

VINCENT S. LEAN. sider that, with all the wisdom of which I am boasting,

Windham Club. there are certain things in the world so tempting, for example, the apples of King John, which happily aro

TAE “ CAICKEN HOUSE ESTATE, HAMPSTEAD not to be bought; for if they were put to sale

by auction, (6th S. i. 137, 200).-J. J. Park, in his History of I might easily be led to ruin myself in the purchase, and Hampstead, gives a short account of the Chicken

6

S

House, and an engraving of the stained glass application of the precept, but St. Bernard bas, “ Atque window which was there. Among my collection ita per omnia imitatur sapientiam, dum et vitiis resistit of Hampstead views I have one of the house dated fortiter ot in conscientia requiescit suaviter" (De Grat.

el Lib. Ar.).

ED. MARSHALL 1797, which I should bave pleasure in showing to Beppo if he cares to see it. GEORGE POTTER.

i iscellanedus. Groro Road, Holloway, N.

NOTES ON BOOKS, &0. « LONDON v. “LONDRES" (6th S. i. 57, 117, The New Plutarch.- Joan of Arc, « The Muid," By 181).-Sarely MR. Bates is rather rash in assert

Janet Tuckey. (Marcus Ward & Co.)

« TER NEW PLUTARCH” is serving a useful purpoze. ing that “the brave Belgians require education to English literature is not rich in good lives as distinguished know that by Ghent,'.' Antwerp, Mechlin,' and from biographical collections. This want is being in no Brussels' we seek to indicate their time-honoured small measure supplied by the present series. This life cities, Gand, Anvers, Malines, and Bruxelles.” of “The Maid” must take a high place. It is not an I always thought that the language of those parts easy matter to treat a character like hers with becoming

reverence and get to avoid making it, like a life of a was Flemish, and certainly the English names are popular saint, a work for “edification” only. Miss far nearer the original Gent, Antwerpen, Mechelen, Tuckey has avoided this error, and we have no hesitation and Brussel than the disfigured forni in which they in saying that she has produced the best book in our appear in French. It is only since Belgium became language concerning the very noblest woman of the a separate nation that the affectation of calling written, nor can one ever be unless a new Dante should

Middle Ages. No poem worthy of her has ever been these cities by their French names bas crept into be given to the world. The Florentine alone, could be English literature.

E. McC

hare known her, would have been worthy to tell her Guernsey.

story in verse. She has, however, as was natural, been

the subject of no little writing which its authors thought AUTHORS OF QUOTATIONS WANTED (6th S. i. poetic, and is, as all know, the chief character in Vol. 277).

taire's “detestable" Pucelle. Miss Tuckey quotes with “No man is so insignificant as that he can be sure bis evident approval Southey's statement that he Lad example can do no hurt” are the exact words used by

never been guilty of reading it." We have not been Lord Clarendon, and the sentence (an exceedingly short so wise, and are bound to say that, all things considered, one for him) occurs in his

essay Of Patience in Adversity. it seems to us about the vilest book we ever opened.

T. L. A.

There is not space for criticizing Miss Tuckey's book (6th S. i. 316, 346, 387, 407.)

chapter by chapter, and it is so good all through that if

there were we should bave but little to say. We would “Knows he tbat never took a pinch," &c. In the palmy days of "annuals," about the period from siastical and civil alike, are but very imperfectly appre

remark, however, that mediæval law proceedings, eccle1830 to 1840, when the Keepsake, Lilerary Scuvenir, hended by most English people, and that, therefore, a Book of Beauty, and others made their annual appear few short notes to some of the later chapters might not ances in their superb bindings, there was one, callod the have been out of place. Comic Offering, wbich began its career in 1831, and was edited by Miss Louisa Henrietta Sheridan, and in the Science a Stronghold of Belief. By Richard Budd volume for 1834 occur the lines as given by X. P. D., Painter, M.D., F.R O.Š. (Sampson Low & Co) and they are stated to be "By the author of Absurdities." Psychological and Elhical Definitions on a Physiological

JOHN HALL Basis. By Charles Bray. (Trübner & Co.) In A Pinch of Snuff these lines are stated to be by It would not be easy to place side by side two works Alfred Crowquill, and to have first appeared in Miss more widely differing from each other than the above. Sheridan's Comic Offering for 1834. A. H. BATES.

Yet the very divergences of these authors serve to illus

trate the complicated relations between science and (6th S. i. 437.)

religion, and the altered aspect of some scientific theories. “Suaviter in modo, fortiter in re."

Dr. Painter keeps beforo bim the Materialist as the Since MR. GANTILLON's previous inquiry for this ex- enemy whom he has principally to combat. Mr. Bray pression (5th S. iv. 339) attention has been drawn in tells us that "it is difficult at present to finá Materialists *N. & Q." by Prof. MAYOR to the use of Büchmann's of the old school; the doctrine they now hold is not Geflügelie Worte in the search for such references. He materialism, they say, but naturalism, wbich is a con. traces it to Aquaviva, who, in a treatise published at siderable advance towards spiritualism.” To the ques. Venice in 1606, Industriæ ad Curandos Anime Ilorbos, tion, What is matter? Dr. Painter's answer appears to be &c., has: “Rationem gubernandi fortem et suavem debere that there is "no certainty" on the point, but that he esse, non modo constails SS. Patrum auctoritas, sed nostræ believes the "common-sense view” to be ibat it must etiam constitutiones copiose docent," and sums up the consist of “gubstance," however subtle or attenuated discussion with this maxim, " Fortes in finc assequendo that substance may be. If we turn to Mr. Bray we read, et suaves in modo assequendi simus." In the Secreta “matter is known to us only as it affects our conscious. Monita S. J., Joond., 1824, c. viii. $ 1, there is “ Sicut nees; and as we do not know what our consciousness is matribus fortiter, sic nostris suaviter in hac materia est in itself, we know no inore of matter." Dr. Painter has, agendum," and in c. ix. § 9, “Superiores hujusmodi therefore, stated his case with perfect fairness.

The viduarum et conjugatorum confessarios euaviter et for- positions of the two writers are entirely different, bow. titer moneant,” &c. It is possible that the form of the ever, when they advance their individual views as to the expression may be traced in its earliest use to some Jesuit nature of matter. Mr. Bray's suggestion is the, for bim, manual, but the source of it is Wisdom, ch, viii. v. 1, where characteristic one that matter may be “that mode or it is," Attingit ergo a fine ad Enem fortiter et disponit form of Force which we are accustomed to perceive omnia suaviter.' There is lere no di:tinction is the throu: l our keuses." We doubt whether either uf Ihese

there was,

formulæ is adequate to the full solution of the problem, of Madagascar. Many curious items of folk-lore are which, indeed, is only a part of the vast series of ques- given by Mr. Hardy in his chapter on the Cuckoo. tions connected with life so keenly debated at the present moment. Dr. Painter proposes, in succeeding volumes, to the excellent (and very cheap) Handiook to the Dyce

OUR readers will thank us for drawing their attention to go through the whole field of discussion. On some points yet to be treated, especially those connected with by the Committee of Council on Education. It contains

and Forster Collections at South Kensington, just issued - Organism,” reserved for yol. i., and "Evolution," steel engravings of Mr. Dyce and Mr. Forster, with reserved for vol. iv., bis medical knowledge and expe- memoirs, that of the latter being specially prepared by rience would give a special talue to his opinions. We his friend Prof. Morley. There are full accounts of both ourselves, we must confoss, prefer to keep the fields of collections, and numerous fac-simile autographs. The science and religion apart, because their postulates Dyce library is rich in Elizabethan literature and poetry appear to us essentially different. But we hope Dr. in general, the Forster library in eighteenth century Painter will continue his labour of love, and complete authors and modern works. Let us add that all these the entire course of his interesting scheme.

books, many of them exceedingly rare, can be consulted The Hugonols of the Dispersion. By R. L. Poole. (Mac- daily upon payment of a trifling fee, and that the millan & Co.)

courteous librarian, Mr. R. F. Sketchley, is untiring in THE Revocation of the Edict of Nantes brought the his efforts to assist inquirers. settled policy of the architects of the royal despotism in France to its logical conclusion. It was, therefore, no

We have much pleasure in announcing that the Prime mere ebullition of tyrannical zeal or female piety. So Minister, with Her Majesty's approval, bas just granted long as the Hugonots were a living force in the state a pension from the Civil List to Miss G. F. Jackson, the

if not an imperium in imperio, a people within authoress of the Shropshire Word-Book. Part II. of a people, and Louis XIV.'s boast,“ L'état c'est moi,” this work, it will be remembered, was noticed by us last was false. A policy which demanded the expulsion of week. thousands of the most intelligent and self-reliant French. HERALDIO BOOK-PLATES.—MR. W. H. K. WRIGHT, men, who swelled by their manufacturing skill the Plymouth Free Library, writes :-"I have a few duplirevenues of the enemies of France, must be condemned cates of the fine book-plate of the late George Prideaux, a8 suicidal, Mr. Poole bas carefully traced the fortunes a well-known book.collector of this town. These, with of the settlements formed by the Hugonot refugees in other duplicates, I shall be pleased to exchange with any various parts of Europe, and has accumulated much in collector of these ex-libris who will do me the favour of teresting information. He displays considerable power communicating with me.' of research, and bas drawn bis materials from sources which are to many readers inaccessible. But as genius

MR. DOMINICK BROWN, Wellington, New Zealand, is akin to madness, so is research to podantry. He has writos :-"I have employed myself for some time in made an unnecessary display of learning in voluminous making a collection of engraved portraits of remarkable notes, which are the bulkiest portion of his book. This persons, and have already obtained a great many from fault may be due to the requirements of the Lothian books published, some of them many years ago, by Knight, Prize at Oxford, which

his essay obtained; it is, at least, Vertue, Blackie, &c. I should feel very much obliged if easily remedied, either by incorporation or by excision.

you could put me in communication with some one who

would help me in obtaining more portraits, as I cannot Detling in Days gone by; cr, the History of the Parish. find any one out here who cares much for such things.

By John Cave-Browne, M.A., Vicar. (Simpkin, Mar. Any information as to where the best collections of shall & Co.)

engraved portraits are to be found, either in England or As charming a little history of a quiet Kentish parish as on the Continent, or where I could obtain priced cataever was written. Mr. Cave-Browne is not quite a logues of them, will be most thankfully received." novice in such matters; his History of Brasted, published in 1874, was a model for works of its class, and upon that he seems to have even improved. Starting

Notices to Correspondents. from the principle that every parish, however obscure and apparently insignificant, has some history of its own,

We must call special attention to the following notice: he tells, in less than a hundred pages, all that is worth On all communications should be written the name and telling about "little Detling," and it is to his credit that address of the sender, not necessarily for publication, but he rejects the superfluous 6 or p interjected into its as a guarantee of good faith. orthography by modern historians, and persists in giving the parish its only proper name. He has covered the Iræ, the sequence appointed for requiem masses in the

AODE (“Juste Judex ultionis," &c.).- Part of the Dios whole ground, and includes in his little brochure all the Roman Missal. It is also printed in Moll's Hymnarium monumental inscriptions, important extracts from the registers, succession of incumbents, &c. If all the clergy (Halle, 1861), in the Crown of Jesus, &c. of Kent would do for their parishes what Mr. Cave.

C.-"The most probable explanation of these letters Browne has done for the two with wbich he has dealt, is, that N was anciently used as the initial of Nomen, and would do it as well, the coming historian of the and that Nomen vel Nomina was expressed by At vel county would find his work, to a great extent, done to NN the double M being afterwards corrupted into his bundo.

M."-Blunt's Annotated Book of Common Prayer. THE Second volume of the Folklore Record is a decided improvenrent on the previous one. Mr. Lang Editorial Communications should be addressed to “The supplies a valuable preface; and among the many inte. Editor of Notes and Queries '"-Advertisements and resting papers that follow may be mentioned one by Mr. Business Letters to “The Publisher"-at the Office, 20, Napier on old ballad folk-lore, while Mr. Coote supplies Wellington Street, Strand, London, W.C. an important chapter on the Neo-Latin Fay. Mr. Thoms We beg leave to state that we dooling to return com. gives

a version of the story of Thomas of Erseltown, and munications wbich, for any reason, we do not print; and Mr. Sibree discourses on the superstitions of the people to this rule we can make no exception,

NOTIOR.

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