130 TREASURY Department. The Treasury Department was created by an act of Congress of the 2d of September, 1789. The Secretary of the Treasury superintends all the fiscal concerns of the government, and upon his own responsibility, recommends to Congress measures for improving the condition of the revenue. All the accounts of the government are finally settled at the Treasury Department; and for this purpose it is divided into the office of the Secretary (who has a general superintendence of the whole), the offices of two Comptrollers, five Auditors, a Treasurer, and a Register. The Auditors of the public accounts are empowered to administer oaths or affirmations to witnesses in any case in which they may deem it necessary for the due examination of the accounts with which they are charged. WAR DEPARTMENT. The War Department was created by an act of Congress of the 7th of August, 1789, and at first embraced not only military, but also naval affairs. The Secretary of War superintends every branch of military affairs, and has, under his immediate direction, a Requisition Bureau, a Bounty Land Office, a Pension Bureau, a Bureau of Indian Affairs, an Engineer Office, an Ordnance Office, an Office for the Commissary General of Subsistence, a Paymaster General's Office, and a Surgeon General's Office. This Department has the superintendence of the erection of fortifications, of making topographical surveys, of surveying and leasing the national lead mines, and of the intercourse with Indian tribes. William Markward, Messenger, 650 PENSION OFFICE. James L. Edwards, First Clerk, 1,600 Anthony G. Glynn, do. do. 1,000 INDIAN AFFAIRS. Principal, 1,600 Sam'l. S. Hamilton, Chief Clerk, 1,400 Daniel Kurtz, Book-keeper, 1,000 Hezekiah Miller, Clerk, 1,000 BOUNTY LAND OFFICE. 1,000 William Gordon, First Clerk, 1,400 800 Edward Stephens, Clerk, NAVY DEPARTMENT. 1,000 The Office of the Secretary of the Navy was created by an act of Congress of the 30th of April, 1798. The Secretary issues all orders to the Navy of the United States, and superintends the concerns of the Navy Establishment generally. A Board of Navy Commissioners was established by an act of Congress of the 7th of February, 1815, and consists of three officers of the Navy, in rank not below that of a Post Captain. This Board is attached to the office of the Secretary of the Navy, is under his superintendence, and discharges all the ministerial duties of that office relative to the procurement of naval stores and materials, and the construction, armament, equipment, and employment of vessels of war, as well as other matters connected with the Navy. Draftsman, 1,000 Messenger, 700 C. W. Goldsborough, Secretary, 2,000 C. Schwartz, GENERAL POST OFFICE. This Department is under the superintendence of the Post Master General, who has two Assistants. The Post Master General has the sole appointment of all the Post Masters throughout the United States, the making of all contracts for carrying the mails, and the direction of every thing relating to the Department. The revenue arising from the General Post Office has been principally expended upon the extension and improvement of the establishment, by which means the regular conveyance, by mail, of letters, newspapers, pamphlets, &c., has been extended to the inhabitants of every part of the Union, even to the remotest territorial settlements. William T. Barry, Post Master General. Charles K. Gardner, Assistant Post Masters General, {: Salary. $2,500 Selah R. Hobbie, 2,500 Salary. O. B. Brown, Chief Clerk, $1,700 Lemuel W. Ruggles, Clerk, 1,000 Thomas B. Dyer, Clerk, 1,400 John W. Overton, do. 1,000 Joseph W. Hand, do. 1,400 Samuel Gwin, do. 1,000 John Suter, do. 1,400 George L. Douglass, do. 1,000 1,200 P. L. Loughborough, do. 1,000 M. T. Simpson, do. 1,200 Francis G. Blackford, do. 800 David Saunders, do. 1,200 John G. Whitwell, do. 800 1,100 John A. Collins, do. 800 William Blair, do. 1,100 Joseph Sherrill, do. 800 Thomas Arbuckle, do. Josiah F. Caldwell, do. 1,000 John G. Johnson, do. 800 Joseph Haskell, do. 1,000 William French, do. 800 Samuel Fitzhugh, do. 1.000 John L. Storer, do. 800 NOTE.-The information relating to the Executive government has been derived principally from the "National Calendar," the "Register of Officers and Agents in the Service of the United States," and the "Directory of the Twenty-first Congress." VII. THE LEGISLATURE OR CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES. THE Congress of the United States consists of a Senate and House of Representatives, and must assemble, at least, once every year, on the first Monday of December, unless it is otherwise provided by law. The Senate is composed of two members from each state; and of course the present regular number is 48. They are chosen by the legislatures of the several states, for the term of six years, one third of them being elected biennially. The Vice-President of the United States is the President of the Senate, in which body he has only a casting vote, which is given in case of an equal division of the votes of the senators. In his absence, a President pro tempore is chosen by the Senate. The House of Representatives is composed of members from the several states, elected by the people for the term of two years. The representatives are apportioned among the different states according to population; and in accordance with an act of Congress of the 3d of March, 1823, one representative is now returned for every 40,000 persons, computed according to the Constitution. The present number is 216, including 3 delegates. Since the 4th of March, 1807, the compensation of each member of the Senate and House of Representatives, has been $8 a day, during the period of his attendance in Congress, without deduction in case of sickness; and $8 for every twenty miles' travel, in the usual road, in going to and returning from the seat of government. The compensation of the President of the Senate, pro tempore, and the Speaker of the House of Representatives, is $16 a day. THE TWENTY-FIRST CONGRESS. THE SENATE. John C. Calhoun, Vice-President of the United States, and President of the Senate. The Senators with the expiration of their respective terms. |